• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 2016

In general, employment duration is influenced by the individual characteristics (level-1) as well as type of the occupational characteristics (level-2). That is, the data has hierarchical structure in the sense that individual employment duration is influenced by the individual-level variables (level-1) and the job-level (level-2) variables. In this paper, we study the determinants of the employment duration of youth-intern in the SMEs (small and medium enterprises) using Cox's mixed effect model. Major results at level-1 variables are as followings. First, the hazard rate of treatment group is lower than that of control group. Second, the hazard rate of woman is lower than that of man. Also, the hazard rate is lower, for the older and the workers working in the bigger company. Investigation of level-2 variables has shown that random effect for job-level is statistically significant.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.87-133
• /
• 2012

This paper consists of two parts. The first part introduces a simple endogenous growth model. It is based on Romer(1990), but extends the original model by incorporating individual workers skill heterogeneity. Based on the heterogeneity, the model has a labor allocation mechanism between skilled (research) and unskilled (production) sectors. Different from Romer(1990), the labor allocation is determined by both demand and supply conditions of the economy. The endogenous growth model presented in this paper shows how the shape of the distribution of human capital affects on the labor allocation, hence on the employment structure, wage profile and economic growth. The model can be extended to an open economy. With the heterogeneity, the extended model explains distributional effect as well as growth effect of the economic openness. The second part provides empirical evidence in support of the extension part of the model presented in the first part. Based on the endogenous growth framework as proposed by Romer(1990) and Rivera-Batiz and Romer(1991), the model explains how economic openness affects labor allocation between skilled and unskilled sectors. According to the model, economic openness can affect labor allocation through two channels; knowledge spillover and specialization. First, the openness promotes knowledge spillover and hence increases the productivity of workers in the skilled sectors. This makes the economy employs more workers in the skilled sector. On the other hand, the openness causes global specialization which leads more employment in the skilled sector for the developed countries but at the same time, leads less employment in the skilled sector for the developing countries since the developing countries have comparative advantages in the unskilled sector. The empirical results obtained using cross country panel data in this paper support these two effects of knowledge spillover and specialization.

• Economic Analysis
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.1-38
• /
• 2020

In this research, we explore the effects of changes in industrial structure due to industrial restructuring on employment and growth in the Korean economy. To that end, we first investigate the impact of industrial restructuring on employment through Lilien's sectoral shift hypothesis, considering the dependence of industrial restructuring on business cycles. As a result of the analysis, we find that changes in the industrial structure have exerted a short-term effect of increasing unemployment, and that the effects of industrial restructuring are even greater during the economic downturn period. In light of these points, Lilien's sectoral shift hypothesis seems to be valid in Korea. Next, we examine the effect of industrial restructuring on economic growth in Korea by analyzing which one, between the Kuznetz hypothesis and the Baumol effect, is dominant. Empirical results reveal that the mid- to long-term effect of industrial restructuring on GDP growth is significant, which is in accordance with the Kuznets hypothesis, where resource allocation along with industrial restructuring to sectors with high productivity spurs economic growth.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.456-465
• /
• 2003

It is well-known that bio-systems does not calculate inverse dynamics for trajectory planning, but they move by proper modulation of system impedances. Inspired by bio-systems, a biomimetic trajectory planning method is proposed in this work. This scheme is based on employment of redundant actuation which prevails in bio-systems. We discuss that for the generation of the biomimetic trajectory, intelligent structure of bio-systems plays an important role. Redundant actuation and kinematic redundancy fall into such a category of intelligent structure. The proposed biomimetic trajectory planning modulates the complete dynamic behavior such as natural frequencies and damping ratios by using the intelligent structure. Experimental work is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed biomimetic trajectory planning for a five-bar mechanism with redundant actuators.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.32-41
• /
• 2012

In recent times, multi-centralization and decentralization as well as large Capital area and suburbanization in the spatial structure of capital area. With rapid growth, urbanization and industrialization are unsystematic, and growth inequality between regions caused negative effects such as discordant centralization and decentralization, fluctuating land value, and gap between living conditions. Accordingly, this study analyzed urban spatial indexes by the self-governed body in the capital area such as Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi province for the analysis of the regional inequality phenomenon. We examined the characteristics of temporal and spatial changes in urban spatial structure in the capital area by utilizing the distribution pattern and density of city indexes such as population, employment, etc, and then drew the commonality of those factors through factor analysis. We evaluated the drawn results through the city standard index by each city, conducted factor score analysis, and identified the interaction between each factor and Housing Purchase Price Composite Indices index, housing rent price index(Housing Jeonse Price Composite Indices), land price fluctuation rate, diffusion ratio of house, and financial independence.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
• /
• v.33A no.3
• /
• pp.163-175
• /
• 1996

This paper invetigates estimation methods of mapping parameters in object-oriented coding. In this paper, we propose a fast parameter estimation method with its performance similar to that of the conventional methods. We employ hierarchical structure in difference images to redcue the computational complexity and also combine conventional six- and eight-mapping parameter estimation methods to compensate for the performance degradation caused by employment of hierarchical structure. Computer simulation shows that the proposed mehtod gives results similar to conventional methods with greatly reduced computational complexity.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.163-186
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this parer is to identify the input-output structure of oriental medicine and its alternative medicine industries in an inter-industry context and to estimate its forward and backward effects on macroeconomic variables such as production, employment and price level. Input-output tables released by The Bank of Korea were used as data in this research and inter-industry analysis was adopted as research methodology. The industry takes less share of production, price and trade in a Korean economy, compared with other industry. However, the industry's capability of creating value added is estimated to be well above that of other industry and that of making new employments is as more than 4 times as other industries. This result gives us policy implications that the government should enhance its subsidy policy and economic (tax) incentives for oriental medicine and its related alternative medicine industries.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.179-190
• /
• 2019

This paper deals with the problem of the global stabilization for a class of ocean structure systems. It is well known that, in general, the global asymptotic stability of the ocean structure subsystems does not imply the global asymptotic stability of the composite closed-loop system. The classical fuzzy inference methods cannot work to their full potential in such circumstances because given knowledge does not cover the entire problem domain. However, requirements of fuzzy systems may change over time and therefore, the use of a static rule base may affect the effectiveness of fuzzy rule interpolation due to the absence of the most concurrent (dynamic) rules. Designing a dynamic rule base yet needs additional information. In this paper, we demonstrate this proposed methodology is a flexible and general approach, with no theoretical restriction over the employment of any particular interpolation in performing interpolation nor in the computational mechanisms to implement fitness evaluation and rule promotion.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.279-308
• /
• 2010

This study examines the association between family policies and family gap using data for 14 OECD countries. As family policies have different assumptions about women's roles and include variant sub-policies, this study identify two distinct family policies: 'employment support policy' to support women as employed workers and 'caregiving support policy' to support women as caregivers. Meanwhile, women's wage cannot be determined by the effect of 'only' family policy. Therefore, analysis model includes variant macro structure supposed to affect women's labor status and wage, like labor market structure, wage structure(compression), women's social status and economic status, and examines interaction effects between family policies and these labor market and social structures using Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA). The FSQCA result shows that relatively low family gap is associated with the conjunctual causation of developed 'employment support policy' and compressed wage structure.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.117-131
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the changed employment environment in full-time cooks at deluxe hotels on job insecurity and career commitment. Based on total 389 hotel cooks obtained from an empirical research, this study reviewed the reliability and fitness of a research model and verified total 2 hypotheses with the Amos program. The hypothesized relationships of the model were tested using a structural equation model(SEM). The SEM results show that layoff(${\beta}$=0.326), an organization structure(${\beta}$=0.237), irregular workers(${\beta}$=0.200) among changed employment environment have a significantly positive effect on job insecurity. Also, job insecurity has a significantly positive effect on career commitment. Accordingly, the changed employment environment in workers at deluxe hotels causes job insecurity, making them try harder to stay in an organization. Therefore, motivation is needed for employees' career commitment because the better job insecurity is managed, the more career commitment they have.