• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.109-129
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• 2002

Studies of elder abuse are increasing in our country since the 1990s. But few studies have researched how older people may perceive and give meaning to the phenomenon of elder abuse. Old people have been alienated from their own problems. Elder abuse was constructed as a social problem by experts, not by older people themselves. The purpose of this study was to explore the older people's perceptions ell the meaning of elder abuse and interventions for it, using a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory. The findings from in-depth interviews with 10 the elderly were as follows: The elderly participated in this study has been constructing the aged as independence, privacy, and carer, which conflicts the existing social construction of the aged. They also had their own definition of elder abuse. They perceived all the psycho-emotional sufferings as major elder abuse. So, they understood that elder abuse was the pervasive problem which everyone would experience. They proposed that desirable interventions for it was to guarantee and to sustain their existing independent living.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.8 s.210
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• pp.141-159
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the current state of wife abuse in Seosan and the relationships between wife abuse and the related variables. A total of 132 couples took part in this study. All couples live in Seosan city, range in age from their 20s to 50s and each couple has at least one child. Stratification sampling method was used to select the couples. They were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. Subjects completed a Korean version of the self- esteem scale, marital conflict scale, communication style scale, family history of violence scale, alcohol dringking, and wife abuse scale. In order to examine the current state of wife abuse, such as, frequency, mean, standard deviation and paired t-test, t-test were calculated and analyzed. Next, to identify differences in wife abuse between the upper group and the lower group, t-test was peformed. Finally, to investigate the relative influences of independent variables upon wife-abuse, multiple regression analysis was peformed. All these analyses were conducted using SPSS 10.0 program. The results were as follows; 1) In terms of the current state of wife abuse, there are three main observations. First, $23\%$ of respondents answered that they had beat their spouse or been beaten by their spouse before and after their marriage. Second, compared with physical violence($2{\~}16\%$), other types of violence such as verbal($7{\~}4\%$), emotional($41{\~}64\%$), economical($3{\~}29\%$) and sexual violence($4{\~}38\%$) were reported to occur more often in these relationships. Third, following the abuse most wives tend to tolerate the situation instead of taking an active action like reporting the abuse to police. 2) As for the husbands, subjects that drank a high level of alcohol, blaming and super-reasonable communication style, and family history of violence reported more frequent cases of wife abuse. As for the wives, subjects with high levels of self-esteem, irrelevant communication style, marital conflict, and family history of violence reported having more cases of that abuse. 3) In the case of husbands, alcohol, communication style and family history of violence explained $40\%$ of wife abuse. In the case of wives, marital conflict and family history of violence explained $77\%$ of their experiences with abuse. This study makes the contribution to aims to develop education programs and family therapy relevant to prevent wife abuse and to reconsider the existing laws governing domestic violence in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of child abuse by parents and early childhood teachers. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted with parents and early childhood teachers belonging to kindergarten in G district. The frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated using the SPSS 21.0 program, and the t-test and the ${\chi}^2$ test were used to obtain data on child abuse(physical, language, emotion and thinking, neglect, preventive measure, improvement plan). The results of this study are as follows: First, the difference of perception about child abuse was higher in early childhood teachers than parents. Recognition of subordinate content is neglected in both parents and early childhood teachers, body, emotion and thinking, and language. Second, parent awareness of child abuse prevention education and participatory seminar education was more perceived than subcontent of preventive measures. The awareness and satisfaction of child abuse preventive education, the awareness of the legal role and function of the child protection agency, the mandatory reporting of child abuse, and the perception of the obligor were more perceived by early childhood teachers. Third, the subcontracting of the child abuse improvement measures, the provision of child abuse preventive education and provision of data, the actual situation of child abuse through mass media and promotion of measures, expansion of child abuse prevention education using mass media, Teachers were more aware of education. These results are expected to provide basic data on understanding and recognition of the prevention of child abuse by parents and early childhood teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.107-122
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• 1999

Based on the theoretical framework of the Double ABCX model of family stress and adaptation, this study was to analysis the causal relationships of stressors (psychological sexual, and physical wife abuse), personal resources (self-efficacy and self-esteem) and social support(emotional and informational support), appraisal(positive appraisal and downward comparisons) with adaptation (psychological well-being and somatic symptoms). Self-administered questionnaire method was used to collect data from 264 wives residing in Chonbuk-do and Kyonggi-do area. The causal model was tested and modified by the maximum likelihood method using UISREL 7 program. Results showed that wife abuse had effect on adaptation indirectly through the latent variables of personal resource and appraisal, which influenced the adaptation directly. In addition, social support indirectly affect the adaptation through personal resource and appraisal. It was also found that all these variables explained 27.6% of the total variance of wives'adaptation, and that personal resources was the most powerful variable in predicting the adaptation of the wives.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2019

This study was designed to examine the affect health promotion behavior to emotional happiness for 20-30's in Korea through cross-sectional descriptive research. There were a total of 279 people who participated in this study, 198(71.0%) were males and 81(29.0%) were females. The data collection period was from December 1 to 15, 2018. The tools used to measure health promotion behaviors were HPB (Health Promotion Behavior) developed by Walker et al., and emotional happiness was PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Scale) by Developed by Watson et al., All data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. As a result of analysis, 62 (49.6%) were solving interpersonal problems and stress relief while drinking, and the people who ate twice a day were most frequent. In conclusion, health promotion behaviors have a strong correlation with emotional happiness. Based on the above results, it was suggested that the program of happiness for lining in the 20-30s age groups should strengthen the contents of health responsibility, guidance of substance abuse, formation of social relations and self actualization.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.145-157
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• 1999

This study was performed by the children and adolescents who were abused or neglected physically, emotionally that were selected in child & adolescents psychiatric ward. We investigated the number of these case in admitted children & adolescents, and also observed characteristics of symptoms, developmental history, characteristics of abuse style, characteristics of abusers, family dynamics and psychopathology. We hypothesized that all kinds of abuse will influnced to emotional, behavioral problems, developmental courses on victims, interactive effects on family dynamics and psychopathology. That subjects were 22 persons of victims who be determined by clinical observation and clinical note. The results of the study were as follows：1) Demographic characteristics of victims：ratio of sex was 1：6.3(male：female), mean age was $11.1{\pm}2.5$. According to birth order, lst was 12(54.5%), 2nd was 5(23%), 3rd was 2(9%) and only child was 3(13.5%). 2) Characteristics of family：According to socioeconomic status, middle to high class was 3(13.5%), middle one was 9(41.% ), middle to low one was 9(41%), low one was 1(0.5%). according to number of family, under the 3 person was 3(13.5%), 4-5 was 17(77.5%), 6-7 was 2(9%). according to marital status of parents, divorce or seperation were 5(23%), remarriage 2(9%), severe marital discord was 19(86.5%). In father, antisocial behavior was 7(32%), alcohol dependence was 10(45.5%). In mother, alcohol abuse was 5(23%), depression was 17(77.3%), history of psychiatric management was 6(27%). 3) Characteristics of abuse：Physical abuse was 18(81.8%), physical and emotional abuse and neglect were 4(18.2%). according to onset of abuse, before 3 years was 15(54.5%), 3-6 years was 5(27.5%), schooler was 1(15%). Only father offender was 2(19%), only mother offender was 8(35.4%), both offender was 8(35.4%), accompaning with spouse abuse was 7(27%), and accompaning with other sibling abuse was 4(18.2%). 4) General characteristics and developmental history of victims：Unwanted baby was 12(54.5%), developmental delay before abuse was9(41%), comorbid developmental disorder was 15(68%). there were 6(27.5%) who didn‘t show definite sign of developmental delay before abuse. 5) Main diagnosis and comorbid diagnosis：According to main diagnosis, conduct disorder 6(27.3%), borderline child 5(23%), depression4(18%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) 4(18%), pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified 2(9%), selective mutism 1(5%). According to comorbid diagnosis, ADHD, borderline intelligence, mental retardation, learning disorder, developmental language disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, chronic tic disorder, functional enuresis and encoporesis, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, personality disorder due to medical condition. 5) Course of treatment：A mean duration of admission was $2.4{\pm}1.5$ months. 11(15%) showed improvement of symtoms, however 11(50%) was not changed of symtoms.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.197-207
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• 2022

Given the prevalence of violence in Ukrainian families, measures to prevent parental abusive treatment against children are urgent. It is important to study today's youth awareness about violence within families in order to enhance a culture of engagement with spouses and children in future. The aim of the study is to examine students' reflective experiences and their attitudes towards forms, frequency, causes and effects of parental abusive treatment. During the research the following methods were used step-by-step: theoretical analyses of scientific resources, anonymous questionnaire, quantitative and correlation analyses. According to result of survey 98 students who were interviewed, none of them fell victim of sexual abuse in their families. However, more than a half (51%) of the students surveyed experienced some forms of parental physical punishment. All the interviewed students encountered psychological cases of parental violence. The mostprevalent forms of parental abuse among the interviewees are criticism, negative comparison, emotional detachment, arrogance, intimidation, blackmail and humiliation. The most prevalent consequences of parental abuse among students are anxiety, low self-esteem, insecurity, impatience, suspiciousness, constraint in communication. Students agree that budget limitations, forced labor, criticism, spanking, emotional detachment, ignoring type of communication, reproach, blackmail are acceptable methods of punishment to use when raising their own children. These results clearly demonstrate the problem of the impact of parental abuse on children and its consequences in the future. A virtual dimension of the actualized problem is considered, namely: - virtualization of aggression and cruelty in the postmodern world. - the level of determining the factor of cruelty from the space of virtual culture. - the mirror image of everyday cruelty in the virtual environment; - the phenomenon of video games as a source and context of representation of the factor of cruelty in behavioral realities; - cybercrime as a virtualized result of cruelty in family and everyday realities. - futurological perspectives of virtualization of cruelty in communicative culture in general and in family relations in particular. The postmodern world is fundamentally different from the traditions and culture of the past, primarily due to the development of computer technologies and the virtualization of life in general. So, for example, virtual communities have become, in a certain way, another world, a second reality of life in general. And certain behavioral factors, in particular cruelty in the private environment, became a projection of such a phenomenon as cybercrime. Video games are a unique modern phenomenon, which multipolarly absorb all facets of human potential, communicative tendencies, behavioral and characterological factors, from the warmth of interpersonal relationships to the extreme degree of cruelty.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.999-1012
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine depression in adulthood caused by the influence of negative life events (disaster accident, physical violence and emotional abuse) in pre-adulthood and explore the mediator effect of interpersonal maladjustment. To carry out such task, 974 people who have had negative life event experiences before the age of 18 were chosen based on the data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey(KGSS) and Stata 10.0 was used to do the analysis. As a result, it was found that there was a direct relationship between negative life events in pre-adulthood and depression in adulthood. Specifically, experiences from an accident or disaster had a direct impact on depression. Moreover, experiences of physical violence and emotional abuse not only had a direct influence on depression, but also through maladjustment, it had an indirectly partial mediator effect that increases the chances of depression. Through this result, it was evident that negative life events from pre-adulthood had a negative effect on continuous interpersonal maladjustment as well as psychological welfare throughout the adulthood. Therefore, there needs to be thorough prevention measures on negative life events in pre-adulthood and strongly take post treatment into consideration. Through building a safe life environment, great deal of social support from social organizations should be prepared systematically.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between customer contact service and mental health among Korean taxi drivers. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected from the 2015 Korean Working Conditions Survey. The sample included 496 taxi drivers in South Korea. The effect of customer contact service on mental health was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The independent variables were general characteristics, working conditions, and hazardous factors in interactive service. Results: The prevalence of poor mental health was 56.3%. Taxi drivers experienced emotional involvement (17.2%), hiding feeling (32.0%), and contact with angry clients (18.3%) in their job. During the first month of their work, 33.7% experienced verbal abuse and 12.3% threats/humiliating behaviors. In bivariate analysis, verbal abuse, threats/humiliating behaviors, and physical violence were associated with mental health of taxi drivers. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed 'emotional involvement' and 'contact with angry clients' were significant predictors of mental health. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in developing intervention programs to improve the mental health of taxi drivers in South Korea.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2014

Objective : The objective of this study was to examine the association between childhood adversity and parenting attitude and neuroticism in adulthood. Methods : Forty nine women were recruited from community and completed Early Trauma Inventory-Short Form (ETI-SF). We compared scores on the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (MBRI), Neuroticism of NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) between women with and without childhood adversity. Results : Compared to women without childhood adversity, women with childhood adversity showed more rejecting parenting attitude and higher Depression and Self-Consciousness scores on Neuroticism domain of NEO-PI. Total ETI-SF scores and emotional abuse scores were positively correlated with rejecting attitude scores on the MBRI and BDI scores. Physical abuse scores were positively correlated with rejecting attitude scores. There were positive correlations between rejecting attitude scores on the MBRI, Neuroticism scores on the NEO-PI, and BDI scores. Conclusion : Our results suggest that childhood adversity may have a negative impact on parenting attitude and emotional state in adulthood. For girls who experienced traumatic event, early intervention is needed to prevent the development of neurotic temperament and rejecting parenting in adulthood.