• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2002

A novel process for urokinase purification was studied using p-aminobenzamidine as the ligand and sepharose 4B as the matrix. The adsorption, washing, and elution conditions were optimized by an unusual method. An adsorption buffer containing 2.5 M NaCl and $1\%$ Tween 80 facilitated the adsorption of urokinase on the affinity media and prevented contaminants from binding to the p-aminobenzamidine affinity gel. It was found that $5\%$ Tween 80 removed most of the contaminants from the affinity column. A 0.2 M glycine elution buffer containing 0.5 M NaCl (pH 3.0) was found to have a strong elution ability with a high recovery and purity of urokinase. A crude urokinase material of231 IU/mg protein from human urine was purified to 124,300 IU/mg protein with a purification factor of 538 and yield of $86.7\%$. As a result, a high purity urokinase was obtained with only a single affinity chromatography step. The purification process was successfully scaled-up to a 2-1 chromatography column. The resulting urokinase eluate could be directly lyophilized, thereby complying with Chinese pharmacopoeia (1995 version) standards.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.613-618
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• 2007

Pollens are known to be an allergen. They penetrate human respiratory system, triggering a type of seasonal allergic rhinitis called pollen allergy (hey fever). The purpose of this study is to test two field-flow fractionation (FFF) techniques, gravitational FFF (GrFFF) and sedimentation FFF (SdFFF), for their applicability to sizecharacterization of micron-sized pollens. Both GrFFF and SdFFF are elution techniques, providing sequential elution of particles based on size. They allow the size distribution as well as the mean size of the sample to be determined from the elution time. In this study, GrFFF and SdFFF were used to determine the size distribution of Paper Mulberry and Bermuda Grass pollens. For the Paper Mulberry pollen, the mean size obtained by GrFFF is 12.7 μm, and agrees rather well with the OM data with the relative error of 8.0%. For the Bermuda Grass pollen, the mean size obtained by GrFFF is 32.6 μm with the relative error of 12.3%. The mean sizes determined by SdFFF are 12.4 (relative error = 10.1%) and 27.1 μm (relative error = 5.2%) for the Paper Mulberry and the Bermuda Grass pollen, respectively. Although SdFFF tends to yield more accurate size distribution due to lower band broadening under the field strength higher than 1 G, the sizes determined by GrFFF were not significantly different from those by SdFFF.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.419-425
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• 1985

시험관내에서 효소에 의해 생성될 수 있을 것으로 생각되는 N-Methylamidinoglycine(isocreatine)을 glycine과 N, S-dimethylthiopseudouronium iodide로 부터 약 60% 수득율로 합성하였고, isocreation의 산성수용액을 가열하여, creatine이 creatinine으로 탈수 고리화되는 것처럼, 고리화된 isocreatinine도 얻었다. 한편 이들 화합물에 대해 원소분석, nmr 스펙트럼, 박층 크로마토그피(Rf) 및 아미노산분석기에서의 elution rate도 검토하였으며, 등전점을 측정하기 위해서 $^{14}C$-creatine, $^{14}C$-creatinine, $^{14}C$-isocreatine 및 $^{14}C$-isocreatinine도 합성하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

여드름 나노화장품(nanocosmetics) 개발을 위하여 azelaic acid-milk nano powder의 nanoencapsulation을 fluid-bed processor로 중심합성계획에 따라 유입공기온도($60{\sim}80^{\circ}C$) 분무속도(0.5 ~ 0.9 mL/min) 및 분무압력(1.2 ~ 2.0 kg/$cm^2$)을 달리하여 나노캡슐(nanoencapsule)을 제조하고, 나노캡슐의 품질특성을 조사하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 나노캡슐의 예측된 수율의 최대값은 70.97 %로 수율은 유입공기온도, 분무속도 및 분무압력 에 의해 크게 영향을 받고 있었다. 시료의 입자크기는 유입공기온도가 높고 분무속도가 빠르며, 분무압력이 낮을수록 커지는 것으로 나타났고, 생리식염수에서 나노캡슐의 용출율은 모두 유입공기온도 및 분무속도에 의해서 가장 많은 영향을 받고 있었다. 수분함량은 분무 속도가 증가하고 분무압력이 높아질수록 증가하였고, 수분활성도는 수분함량과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 기계적 색도인 L값과 b값은 유입공기온도가 높아질수록 증가하였다. 수율이 높고 입자크기가 작으며, 피부적합성 나노캡슐 제조의 최적조건은 유입공기온도 $67{\sim}73^{\circ}C$, 분무속도 0.6 ~ 0.8 mL/min 및 분무압력 1.8 ~ 2.0 kg/$cm^2$ 범위로 예측되었다. 이상의 예측범위 내의 임의의 점에서실제 실험한 실험치는 반응표면분석법에 의해 예측된 값과 유사한 경향을 보여 도출된 회귀식의 신뢰성을 검증할 수 있었다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 1995

The adaptive response and cross-adaptive response to sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K$_1$ cells treated with ultraviolet radiation (UV), ethyl methanesuffonate (EMS), or bleomycin (BLM) were investigated. Two assays were used in this study; SCEs and alkaline elution. The pretreatment with low conditioning dose of 2 mM EMS or 1 J/m$^2$ UV decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 8 mM EMS, 5 J/m$^2$ UV or 5 $\mu$g/ml BLM. And the pretreatment with low conditioning dose of 1 $\mu$g/ml BLM decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 5 $\mu$g/ml BLM or 5 J/m$^2$ UV. The rejoining of DNA SSBs in cells subsequently treated with 2 J/m$^2$ UV, 50 mM EMS or 400 $\mu$g/ml BLM is higher than that only treated with 2 J/m$^2$ UV, 50 mM EMS or 400 $\mu$g/ml BLM. These results suggest that there are the adaptive response and cross-adaptive response to SCEs, and is the adaptive response to the rejoining of DNA SSBs in CHO cells.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2002

PVC(polyvinyl chloride)sheet를 NaOH수용액 중에서 반응온도 $80~150^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 0~7시간으로 처리하여 가소제의 침출에 관해서 검토하였다. DOP의 가수분해에 의해서 생성된 프탈산 수율은 알카리촉매로써 NaOH농도의 증가와 온도의 상승으로 인해 증가하고, $150^{\circ}C$, 10M NaOH, 3시간이상에서 프탈산 수율은 거의 100%,에 달했다. 따라서 PVC sheet에 30% 포함되어져 있는 가소제는 알카리수용액 중에서 탈염화수소가 일어나기 이전에 가수분해되어졌다. 또한, PVC필름의 수열처리에서는 DOP의 가수분해로 인해 세공이 생성되었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2007

The present study investigated the anti-tumor activity of ethyl acetate extract of Acanthospermum hispidum DC against daltons ascites lymphoma in mice. The extract was prepared by cold maceration with ethyl acetate for 3 - 7 days and evaporated in vacuum to dry. (Yield : 14.2 g, 1.42% w/w). The extract was fractionated by column chromatography by using gradient elution technique and the diterpenes fraction isolated (0.649 g). Both extract and the fraction were administered as oral suspension with tween 20 in water to tumor bearing mice (DAL) and changes in dead cell count, histopathology of tumor cells, hematological parameters and median survival time (MST) were examined and compared with that of tumor control or 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicate that both ethyl acetate extract and fraction possess anti-tumor activity. The study suggests that Acanthospermum hispidum DC seems promising as a source of diterpenes for potential anti-tumor activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 1984

An improved mass spectrometric method for multicomponent analysis of metabolites in urine, well-suited for clinical biochemistry, is described. The method involves solvent elution of the metabolites from an adsorbent and the concentration of the eluate on a microadsorption column. This is administered by a direct inlet probe into the ionizing source of field ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS), which yield a molecular weight profile of the metabolites. The procedure provides rapidly (within one hour) reproducible profiles from a small volume of urine. The optimization of the sampling technique and the reproducibility are discussed.

• 약학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.375-379
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• 1985

The gas chromatographic behavior of optically active N-(N-benzoyl-L-valyl)-anilide used as stationary phase is described. N-(N-benzoyl-L-valyl)-anilide has been synthesized with good yield under mild condition via Schotten-Bauman process and coated on the Chromosorb W AW (80-100mesh) for the purpose of enantiomer separation. The behavior of this compound as optically active stationary phase for the separation of the enantiomers of N-TFA-D, L-amino acid isopropyl esters has been examined with respect to the correlation between the separation factors and column temperatures. All amino acid enantiomers examined were eluted within one hour and the elution pattern showed retention times increasing in the order of alanine, valine, leucine, threonine, proline and methionine.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1998

Most organophosphorus pesticides may be metabolized to yield some common phosphates in human or in animals, and these metabolites may be used as the exposure biomarkers to pesticides. In this study, we developed the extraction method of four phosphate metabolites from the spiked human urine in high recovery by the solid phase extraction with a reverse-phase cartridge (cyclohexyl silica) followed by the elution with methanol. The extracted urinary metabolites were derivatized with hexamethyldisilazane/trimethyl-chlorosilane/pyridine (2 : 1 : 10, v/v/v) and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Calibration curve obtained from each metabolite standard using by GC/MS/SIM has shown good linearity and detection limits of metabolites were the range of 0.05-0.1 ㎍/㎖ in urine. Phenthoate, one of the organophosphorus pesticides, was orally administrated to rats. Four metabolites were detected in the rat urine. The results of this study may be applied to development of exposure biomarkers for monitoring of environmental pollutants.