• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.334-346
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• 2023

An electronic document based on PDF has been widely used in customer communication between an enterprise and a customer to deliver personalized content. However, electronic documents based on PDF in the form of paper layouts are not suitable for mobile environments because of low readability and lack of interactive interaction. Even though HTML is an essential language in a mobile environment, electronic document based on PDF is still used as it has a content integrity verification feature with a digital signature. It means that a user is sacrificing user experience in a mobile environment for content integrity and using paper-layout electronic documents. In this research, we design the Document HTML specification by setting the Document HTML conformance, adding the extended meta tags, and signing the message digest with a digital signature based on public key infrastructure (PKI). Furthermore, we implemented the Document HTML system, which has REST API services to generate and verify the Document HTML, and did experimental verification of the theory. As a result, we have confirmed that the Document HTML has both content integrity and user experience on mobile. Furthermore, the Document HTML is expected to be an alternative document format to deliver personalized content from an enterprise to a customer in a mobile environment instead of the paper layout electronic document such as PDF.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.161-169
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• 2012

It requires a lot of costs and manpower to manage the election system. The electronic voting scheme is needed to make the election system to be economic and fair. Especially, wide spread use of smart phones and wireless networks makes the mobile voting is of major concern. In mobile voting scheme, a smart phone user can vote regardless of the places. In this paper, the mobile voting scheme is proposed where candidates can guarantee fairness of the election system. We analyze mobile voting requirements and create the mobile ID which has legal binding forces and PKI based digital signature keys. In the proposed scheme, a voter's ballot is signed by all candidates using undeniable multi-signature scheme. During the counting stage, the multi-signature on the ballot is not verified without help of all candidates.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

China has recently (28 August 2004) adopted a new act legalizing the electronic signature. This new act provides electronic signatures with the same legal status as handwritten signatures, and states that on-line certification providers will have to be created in order to ensure the security of on-line operations made using said signatures. This new act is intended to increase Chinese electronic business, and thus to raise the revenue China can expect from said business. And the law grants electronic signatures the same legal effect as handwritten signatures and seals in business transactions, and sets up the market access system for online certification providers to ensure the security of e-commerce. As Internet trade requires a reliable third party to identify the signers, the credibility of online certifying organizations is significant for the transaction security. So, considering the weakness of China's social credibility system, the law regulates that the online signatures certification providers should be approved and administered by governments.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.47
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• pp.213-237
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to analysis the legal aspects of e-commerce, particularly those relate to electronic contract, in China On 23 November 2005, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, known popularly as the Electronic Communications Convention. China signed it but the convention is not binding yet as it still requires the ratification by three states. On the other hand, China adopted a new act legalizing the electronic signature in 2004. This new act provides electronic signatures with the same legal status as handwritten signatures. But the efficiencies that business hopes to achieve through electronic commerce are not completely reflected in the legal processes necessary to support those hopes.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2009

In 2003, the Uniform Commercial Code(UCC) which is a kind of model law to unify commercial law between several states in US was amended to use electronic document of title including bill of lading. It is the second following the Australia legislation in 1996. Also, the Korean government amended Commercial Act and made the Presidential Decree for using electronic bill of lading in 2008. In this paper the authors reveal the characteristics of the clause of UCC for electronic bill of lading. The characteristics of the clause are on the technical neutrality of the signature, the possibility of reissuance in alternative medium, and adoption of the concept of "control." It helps to suggest some implications for Korean government authority. The authors suggest the amendment of the Presidential Decree to the Korean government authority to use additionally digital signature authorized by non Korean government such as VeriSign. It will activate the use of electronic bill of lading issued by Korea repositary out of Korea.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.281-300
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• 2009

In 2003, the Uniform Commercial Code(UCC) which is a kind of model law to unify commercial law between several states in US was amended to use electronic document of title including bill of lading. It is the second following the Australia legislation in 1996. Also, the Korean government amended Commercial Act and made the Presidential Decree for using electronic bill of lading in 2008. In this paper the authors reveal the characteristics of the clause of UCC for electronic bill of lading. The characteristics of the clause are on the technical neutrality of the signature, the possibility of reissuance in alternative medium, and adoption of the concept of "control." It helps to suggest some implications for Korean government authority. The authors suggest the amendment of the Presidential Decree to the Korean government authority to use additionally digital signature authorized by non Korean government such as VeriSign. It will activate the use of electronic bill of lading issued by Korea repositary out of Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.109-118
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• 2011

Recently, electronic documents are deployed in many areas. However, trust concerns arise owing to the fact that detecting whether an electronic document is modified or not is not an easy process. To facilitate this process, many word processors provide digital signature capabilities on themselves. However, there were not much research on the security of digital signature function of various programs including Microsoft Word and Hancom Hangul. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the security of Microsoft Word and Hancom Hangul, and propose improvements for their digital signature schemes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.239-248
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• 2000

전자화폐 시스템은 인출(withdrawal), 지불(payment) 그리고 예치(deposit)의 기본적인 과정을 수행하는데, 이러한 단계에서 사용자의 사생활(privacy)을 보호하기 위해 사용자와 사용자의 구입 내용 및 지불 내용을 연계시키지 않고 인출 단계와 지불 단계가 연결되지 않도록 기본적으로 익명성을 제공하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 완전한 익명성을 제공하므로 인해 돈 세탁, 약탈, 불법 거래와 같은 불법적인 범죄 행위들에 이용 될 수 있으며 이 때 이와 같은 범죄행위를 한 사용자와 그 돈에 대한 행방을 찾을 수가 없다. 따라서 이를 방지하기 위해 일정한 조건 아래에서 익명성을 제어하기 위한 연구들이 많이 진행되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 DSS에 기반한 새로운 공정한 은닉 서명 방식을 제안하고 이를 전자화폐 시스템에 적용시킨다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.1781-1785
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• 2007

We propose a new enhanced graphical user interface and algorithm for dynamic signature verification using Smart-phone. Also, we describe the performance results of our dynamic signature verification system, which determine the authentication of signatures by comparing and analyzing various dynamic data shape of the signature, writing speed, slant of shape, and the order and number of strokes for personal signatures using an electronic pen, expecting the system to be understood and utilized widely in the industrial field.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.2628-2645
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• 2017

This paper proposes a new offline electronic payment (e-payment) system that satisfies the major security requirements of e-payment, i.e. anonymity, unlinkability, unforgeability, double spending control, conditional traceability, and fraud prevention. The central idea is the use of Hwang et al.'s RSA-based untraceable blind signature (BS), which disables the link between the e-coin and its owner and ensures the anonymity of both the customer and the merchant. It attaches an expiration, a deposit and the transaction dates to each e-coin in order to manage the database of the bank effectively, to correctly calculate the interest on the e-coin and to aid arbitration if a dishonest customer attempts to double-spend the coin. It also ensures the anonymity of the customer as long as the coin is spent legitimately. Only when a fraudulent e-coin transaction is detected can the bank, with the help of the central authority (a trusted entity), determine the identity of the dishonest customer. The system is referred to as offline since the bank does not need to be concurrently involved in transactions between a customer and a merchant. Finally, analyses of the performance of the prototype and the primary security requirements of the proposed system are also presented.