• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 1998

Dried carrot meal (DCM) prepared from fresh carrot was found to be a good source of xanthophyll (54 mg/kg) and morderate source of protein (188.3 g/kg) and energy (2,510 kcal/kg) with low level of fibre (80 g/kg). DM, EE and NFE content of DCM were 895, 35 and 661.7 g/kg respectively. The ingredient was used in laying hen diet to evaluate its pigmenting value for egg yolk. Thirty-two laying hens from Starcross strain were divided into four groups and fed four different diets: a control diet containing 62% ground wheat, a corn-based diet (50% ground yellow corn), control + 4% DCM and control + 8% DCM. Use of DCM at 8% level in layer mash significantly improved yolk colour at 3rd, 6th and 9th week of supplementation in comparison with wheat-based control diet. This improvement was statististically similar to that obtained from yellow corn-based diet. DCM at 4% level also improved yolk colour score. Wheat-based diet significantly increased feed consumption compared to yellow corn and diet supplied with 8% DCM. Body weight gain, egg production, feed conversion were not significantly affected due to dietary addition of DCM and no mortality was observed during 63-day experimental period. Further works on DCM are suggested.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1987

잠업시험장에서 육성중인 한성흑란계통잠의 실용형질향상을 위한 효율적인 교잡방법의 탐색을 위해 동아구교잡, 연속교잡, 단계 및 복계여교잡의 4가지 육종방법이 교잡원종세대(P)로부터 F6세대까지 비교검토되었다. 1. 화용비율의 경우 4가지 육종방법 공히 세대간에 또는 교잡방법간에 매우 변화가 심하였고 교잡효과의 양상은 연속교잡>동아구교잡·복계교잡>단계여교잡의 순으로 낮아졌다. 2. 전견중, 견층중, 견층비율의 경우 동아구교잡을 제외한 3가지 방법 공히 비교적 우수한 육종방법으로 생각된다. 3. 세대별 형질발현의 추이를 보면 화룡비율은 세대별 변화가 매우 심하여 일정한 경향이 없고, 전견중, 견층중, 견층비율은 교잡방법에 불구하고 P세대에서 F2,세대간은 교잡효과가 급상승하나 그 이후세대에서는 매우 둔화되는 양상을 보였다. 4. 육성중인 본 근성흑란계통누에의 실용형질은 육성중인 비전좌계통의 원종과 대차없다. 5. 본 근성흑란 암누에의 실용형질 발현도(E)는 정상잠에 가까워 전좌염색체편에 의한 생리적 결여가 매우 미소한 것으로 생각된다. 6. 이상의 결과에서 F7세대 이후의 근성흑란계통 누에의 실용형질 향상은 교잡육종에 의한 계통분리법이 좋을 것으로 생각되고, 아울러 형질고정도도 향상시켜야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.101-102
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• 2004

한국 재래닭의 각 계통별 세대간 계란의 난각강도, 난각두께 및 난각색은 각각 3.8$\pm$0.2~4.2$\pm$0.1 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 356.4$\pm$4.9~368.8$\pm$6.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ 및 47.0$\pm$1.7~50.0$\pm$3.3%이었고, 회귀방정식에 의한 회귀계수로 표현된 능력변화 추세를 보면 적갈색. 황갈색, 회갈색, 흑색 및 백색 계통의 계란 난각강도는 -0.03, 0.00, 0.03, 0.03 및 0.00 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 난각두께는 -0.84, 0036, 1.05, 3.58 및 4.40 $\mu\textrm{m}$, 난각색은 -0.75, -0.55, -0.88, -0.47 및 -0.36 %이었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.18.1-18.5
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• 2014

Background: A six-week study involving two hundred and fifty (250) Harco Black layer birds at point of lay was conducted to investigate the effects of potential natural colorant on performance and Egg quality traits. The birds were assigned to five (5) dietary treatments, each containing supplements either of control, Baobab Leaf (BL), Waterleaf (WL), Red Pepper (RP), Canthaxanthin (CTX) at 40 g/kg feed and 50 mg/kg feed of natural and commercial colorants, respectively. Results: Performance records shows that there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in feed intake across the supplements of Red pepper, Water leaf, Canthaxanthin and control diet, however, birds fed Baobab leaf treatment had a significantly lower (p < 0.05) feed intake value (94.07 g) when compared with other treatments. Body weight gain and Hen Day Production were not significant influenced (p > 0.05) by the dietary treatments, although laying hens fed Baobab leaf supplement had lowest mean HDP of 48.80%, while birds fed Red pepper and Water leaf supplement had an average value of 52.79%. There was no significant effect (p > 0.05) of colorants on egg external traits, compared with the control; birds fed Canthaxanthin treatment had higher mean egg weight (51.79 g), egg length (4.55 g), egg breadth (3.29 g); Red pepper treatment had highest mean shell thickness (0.29 g), however these differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Yolk height, Albumen height, Yolk index, and Haugh unit were not significantly affected (p > 0.05) across treatments. Yolk width was lowest (p < 0.05) in Baobab leaf treatment (2.54 cm); Red pepper, Water leaf and Canthaxanthin (2.89 cm, 2.62 cm and 2.89 cm respectively) were not significantly (p > 0.05) different from the control (2.73 cm). Yolk colour score was significantly highest (p < 0.05) in Red pepper treatment (7.50); Water leaf, Baobab leaf and Canthaxanthin ranged between 2.25-3.31 on the DSM yolk colour fan, Control treatment had the lowest yolk colour score (p < 0.05) of 1.31. Conclusion: The study showed Red pepper as a worthy alternative to commercial yolk colorant. Water leaf and baobab are not good substitutes for canthaxanthin as a yolk colourant.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 1997

In order to study the reproductive physiology of Sand ell(Hypoptichus dybowskii) catched at kangwon-do, Wooamjin Bay, spawning and egg development were investigated in April and May, 1996. The observed spawning period was from the middle of April to the end of May with the water temperature above $8^{\circ}$C. Body size and colouration were distinguished between male and female. The type of testicular structure is lobular, and the ovary is a pair of sac-sahaped covering with a fibromuscula capsule and comprising a mature egg of average 86. The unfertilzed egg are demersal and adhesive, and their diameter were 1.65-1.95 mm. the colour of yolk is light yellow and contained a lot of tiny oil globules. The average spawned egg was 62 in sargasso weeds. Hatching was observed in 12 days after fertilization with the water temperature of 14 ${\pm}1^{\circ}$C. The average size of larva after hatching was 6.85${\pm}$0.23mm in total length, and larva were containing yolk including globule.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.776-782
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• 1999

Two Bangladeshi varieties of yellow corn-'Barnali' and 'Khaibhutta' were chemically analysed and used in the diet of laying chicken to determine their replacement value for wheat. Both the new varieties of yellow corn were found to be good sources of energy and the CP contents were comparable to wheat. Forty two, 29-week old randomly selected Starcross Brown commercial pullets were assigned to 7 dietary treatments with 6 replicates, each being an experimental unit. Diets were formulated replacing wheat quantitatively by two varieties of yellow corn either 0, 50, 75 or 100 per cent from a wheat based control diet. The production performance of laying hens fed diets formulated with Barnali or Khaibhutta at different dietary levels during an experimental period of 16 weeks was satisfactory and comparable to wheat based diet. Except egg yolk colour, the other internal arid external egg quality characteristics at 8th and 16th weeks of the experiment did not differ significantly. The egg yolk colour improved significantly (p<0.01) by feeding both the new varieties of corn and the degree of pigmentation of yolk increased as the dietary levels of corn increased at the expense of wheat. Considering laying performance, the new varieties of yellow corn, Barnali or Khaibhutta can be used in layer diet as replacement of wheat. Such a replacement would better that wheat-based diet in terms of egg yolk pigmentation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1611-1616
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• 2012

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of sodium nitrate consumption on egg quality and quantity, and some blood parameters of native breeder hens of West Azerbaijan province. One hundred native hens were used from wk 25 to 32 of age. These birds were divided into two groups. One group was fed the control diet (CD) but the other fed the same diet supplemented with 4.2 g/kg sodium nitrate (ND). After 2 wks of adaptation, eggs were collected daily and egg mass and egg production were measured weekly for five weeks. To assess the egg quality parameters, two eggs from each replicate pen were collected for three consecutive days each week. At the end of experimental period (wk 32 of age), blood samples of 5 birds per replicate were collected from the wing vein into anticoagulant tubes. Dietary sodium nitrate didn't affect the egg production, shell stiffness, shell thickness and Haugh unit (p>0.05) but it decreased the both egg production and egg mass during the last three weeks (wks 30, 31 and 32) (p<0.05). Furthermore, a treatment effect was observed for yolk colour (p<0.05). Both the egg production and egg mass were increased over time (p<0.05). No significant treatment${\times}$time interaction was observed for egg weight, egg production and egg mass (p>0.05). No effect of time or treatment${\times}$time were observed for shell stiffness (p>0.05). Over time, shell thickness was decreased while Haugh unit increased (p<0.05). None of the blood TP and TG or the activity of ALT, AST and LDH enzymes were affected by dietary consumption of sodium nitrate at wk 32 of age (p>0.05). Sodium nitrite decreased both the TAC and TC at wk 32 of age (p<0.001). It was concluded that the lower body antioxidant capacity of nitrate fed birds resulted in the lower performance (egg weight, egg production and egg mass).

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.199-206
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• 1997

본 시험에서는 도계장에서 생산되는 비율대로 혼합하고 가압열처리한 P1 (머리+다리+내장), P2 (P1+혈액) 및 P3 (P2+우모) 등 3가지 도계부산물 사료와, H1(난용계 수평아리 ), H2(난용계 및 육용계 사롱란) 및 H3(H1+H2, 2:1) 등 3가지 부화부산물 사료 및 (C)어분을 각각 산란계 사료에 5％씩 배합하고 산란능력과 난질을 비교하였다. 산란율과 난중, 사료섭취량 및 사료요구율 등 모든 산란계 능력에서 모든 부산물 사료구들은 대조구와 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 난각질에서도 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 난황색은 부화부산물구가 대조구보다 유의적으로 향상되었다 (P<0.05). 결론적으로 도계부산물 사료와 부화부산물 사료들은 산란능력과 난질에 나쁜 영향 없이 산란계사료에서 어분을 대치하여 5％정도 사용될 수 있었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1980

본 시험은 메추리의 난각과 난각막의 두께 변화를 구명하기 위해서, 공시난 520개로부터 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 메추리 란의 외모색에 따라 구분한 사종의 난각은 그 색에 따라서 대반점백색난각. 대반점난각, 소반점보라난각, 소반점베이지난각으로 구분되고, 그 평균 란중은 8.993g, 8.866g, 8.403g, 8,109g이었다. 2) 사종 난각의 평균 두께는 대기점백색락각이 0.171mm, 대반점각이 0.169mm. 소반점베이지난각이 0.160mm, 소반점보라난각이 0.156mm였다. 3) 사종의 난각막의 평균 두께는 대반점 난각이 0.0449mm. 대연점백색난각이 0.0431mm, 소반점베이지난각이 0.398mm 소반점보라난각이 0.0397mm였다. 4) 난각과 난각막의 두께간에서 빈의 상관계수가 나타났으나 유의성은 없었다. 5) 일반적으로 난각의 두께가 닭에 비하여 매우 엷었다. 그러나 난각막의 두께는 대동소이했다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.591-595
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• 1993

A trial involving 200 day-old 288 Shaver chicks in a randomized experimental design tested the effects of using diets based on local feed materials (LF). Commercial imported counterpart feeds (CF) served as control diets. Birds were raised from 0-6 w on Chick Starter feed, from 7-17 w on Pullet Developer feed and from 18 to 72 w on Layer feed. The results obtained indicated that there were no significant differences in the performance of birds fed LF and CF diets during the Chick Starter and Pullet Developer phases. During the Laying phase, there were also no differences in laying percentage, (66 vs 65) and in egg size (62 vs 63 g) between LF and CF diets. Feed cost was lower on LF diet had a better egg yolk colour score, (4 vs 1) than those fed on CF diet. Feed cost was lower on LF than CF diets and the feed cost for producing eggs was approximately 50 percent lower on LF compared to CF (P$ 0.06 vs P$ 0.12). It was concluded that the use of locally available feed resources produces comparable performance to that obtained using commercial imported feeds. Secondly, using local materials markedly reduces feed cost and cost of producing eggs.