• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2019

Carbon storage is one of the regulating ecosystem services provided by urban street trees. It is important that evaluating the economic value of ecosystem services accurately. The carbon storage of street trees was calculated by measuring the morphological parameter on the field. As the method is labor-intensive and time-consuming for the macro-scale research, remote sensing has been more widely used. The airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) is used in obtaining the point clouds data of a densely planted area and extracting individual trees for the carbon storage estimation. However, the LiDAR has limitations such as high cost and complicated operations. In addition, trees change over time they need to be frequently. Therefore, Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry with unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a more suitable method for obtaining point clouds data. In this paper, a UAV loaded with a digital camera was employed to take oblique aerial images for generating point cloud of street trees. We extracted the diameter of breast height (DBH) from generated point cloud data to calculate the carbon storage. We compared DBH calculated from UAV data and measured data from the field in the selected area. The calculated DBH was used to estimate the carbon storage of street trees in the study area using a regression model. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of applying UAV imagery and SfM technique to the carbon storage estimation of street trees. The technique can contribute to efficiently building inventories of the carbon storage of street trees in urban areas.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2012

Probabilistic ecological risk assessment (PERA) for deriving ecological protective concentration (EPC) was previously suggested in USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Netherland. This study suggested the EPC of cadmium (Cd) based on the PERA to be suitable to Korean aquatic ecosystem. First, we collected reliable ecotoxicity data from reliable data without restriction and reliable data with restrictions. Next, we sorted the ecotoxicity data based on the site-specific locations, exposure duration, and water hardness. To correct toxicity by the water hardness, EU's hardness corrected algorithm was used with slope factor 0.89 and a benchmark of water hardness 100. EPC was calculated according to statistical extrapolation method (SEM), statistical extrapolation $method_{Acute\;to\;chronic\;ratio}$ ($SEM_{ACR}$), and assessment factor method (AFM). As a result, aquatic toxicity data of Cd were collected from 43 acute toxicity data (4 Actinopterygill, 29 Branchiopoda, 1 Polychaeta, 2 Bryozoa, 6 Chlorophyceae, 1 Chanophyceae) and 40 chronic toxicity data (2 Actinopterygill, 23 Branchiopoda, 9 Chlorophyceae, 6 Macrophytes). Because toxicity data of Cd belongs to 4 classes in taxonomical classification, acute and chronic EPC (11.07 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.034 ${\mu}g/l$, respectively) was calculated according to SEM technique. These values were included in the range of international EPCs. This study would be useful to establish the ecological standard for the protection of aquatic ecosystem in Korea.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2014

Heterosigma akashiwo의 대발생 기작을 규명하기 위하여 환경 요인들에 따른 성장률을 각각 비교하였다. 환경요인, 염분, N:P ratio, 철 (Fe), 셀레늄 (Se)을 대상으로 국내 배양주 2종과 국외 배양주 1종의 성장 특성을 확인하였다. 그 결과, H. akashiwo 배양주는 염분과 철의 농도에 따른 최대 성장률의 특성을 기반으로 지리학적 특이성을 찾기는 힘들었으나, 염분에 대한 내성은 강하여 10 psu에서 40 psu에서 생존이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. N:P ratio와 셀레늄은 국내 배양주와 국외 배양주의 차이를 보였다. 이와 같은 생리학적 특성에 대한 결과를 보았을 때, H. akashiwo가 염분에 대한 높은 내성을 기반으로 우점할 수 있으며, 풍부한 영양염을 이용하여 더욱 빠른 성장으로 대발생을 가능하게 할 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.349-353
• /
• 2016

융복합 패러다임의 도입은 방대한 유전체 정보의 분석을 위한 컴퓨팅 기술의 연구 및 개발 또한 활발히 진행되고 있다. 최근 유전체 분석 서비스 유형은 개인의 유전체 정보(personal genome analysis)를 읽어서 특정 질환들의 발병 확률 등을 알려주고, 해당 질병을 예방할 수 있도록 식습관, 라이프 스타일등의 변화를 꾀하도록 맞춤형의 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 생물의 특성을 결정하는 정보는 유전자이며, 이 유전자는 DNA 염기서열에 따라 결정되므로, 유전체 정보의 분석기술은 정확하고 빠르게 수행되어야 한다. 정확한 유전체 분석을 빠르게 수행하기위해 K-Mean 클러스터링 기법을 활용하였으며, 코돈 데이타 패턴을 추출하여 유전체 정보 분석에 적용하였다. 또한, 미토콘드리아 데이타군을 실험사례로 제공한다. 본 연구의 결과, 제공된 분석 데이타를 통해 기존의 문자열 형태의 유전체 분석 기법을 이미지 패턴 형태로 추출이 가능하며, 패턴형태의 이미지는 분석시간의 단축과 정확도를 높인다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.49-49
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 함백산 산림유전자원보호구역의 생물다양성 증진과 체계적이고 객관적인 보전 및 관리를 위한 기초데이타 수립을 위하여 식물상과 정밀식생조사를 수행하였다. 함백산 산림유존자원보호구역에 분포하는 식물상은 83과 222속 321종 2아종 36변종 등 359분류군이 확인되었으며, 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 산마늘, 등칡 등 총 10과 14분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 3등급 종은 15과 20분류군, 4등 급종은 8과 11분류군이 확인되었다. 산림청 특별산림보호 대상종은 3과 3분류군, 한국특산식물은 7과 10분류군이 확인되었으며 귀화식물은 9과 16분류군이 출현하였다. 함백산 산림유전자원보호구역 26개 조사구역에 대하여 정밀식생조사를 수행한 결과. 식생유형은 산지관목림, 일본잎갈나무식재림, 가래나무군락, 거제수나무군락, 거제수나무-신갈나무군락, 거제수나무-층층나무군락, 거제수나무-피나무군락, 소나무군락, 신갈나무군락, 피나무군락, 피나무-거제수나무군락 등 총 11개의 유형으로 확인되었다. 또한 식생조사와 드론을 활용하여 현존식생도를 작성하였으며, 그 결과 함백산 유전자원보호구역은 총 470.9ha로, 그 중 신갈나무군락이 총 390.8ha로 가장 넓게 분포하고 있으며, 거제수나무-신갈나무군락이 34.3ha, 산지관목림 18.5ha 순으로 대부분 10ha 이하로 나타났다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.250-262
• /
• 2015

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the vegetation structure in the sectin stretching between the Jilmoi wetlands and the Donghae Observatory and to set the criteria for the basic data for a management plan including restoration afterwards. 12 plots($10m{\times}40m$, $20m{\times}20m$) were set up to analyse the vegetation structure. The analysis of the classification by TWINSPAN and ordination by DCA, importance percentage and property, distribution of diameter of breast height, growth increments of major woody species, species diversity and the physicochemical properties of soil were all analyzed. Vegetation classes were divided into 3 communities, which are community I (Pinus densiflora community), community II (Quercus mongolica community) and community III (Quercus mongolica-Tilia amurensis community). The P. densiflora community declined when competing with Q. mongolica and Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Q. mongolica competed with T. amurensis on an understory layer in Q. mongolica community. Q. mongolica competed with T. amurensis on both canopy and understory layers in Q. mongolica-T. amurensis community. P. densiflora declined and it was assumed to succeed to F. rhynchophylla or T. amurensis through Q. mongolica based on the importance percentage and distribution of the diameter of the breast height of small and middle sized trees. The age of P. densiflora was between 47 to 51 years old and Q. mongolica was 61years old. T. amurensis was 61 years old and the growth of Q. mongolica slowed a little. As the result of Shannon's index of species diversity, community I ranged from 0.9578 to 1.1862, community II ranged from 0.7904 to 1.2286 and community III ranged from 0.8701 to 1.0323. The contents of organic matter and cation were low compared to uncultivated mountain soil and it were analysed to be inappropriate for tree growth.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제12권7호
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2021

급속한 비대면 환경과 모바일 우선 전략에 따라 해마다 많은 정형/비정형 데이터의 폭발적인 증가와 생성은 모든 분야에서 빅데이터를 활용한 새로운 의사 결정과 서비스를 요구하고 있다. 그러나 매년 급속히 증가하는 빅데이터를 활용하여 실무 환경에서 적용 가능한 표준 플랫폼으로 빅데이터를 수집하여 적재한 후, 정재한 빅데이터를 관계형 데이터베이스에 저장하고 처리하는 하둡 에코시스템 활용의 참조 사례들은 거의 없었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 스프링 프레임워크 환경에서 3대의 가상 머신 서버를 통하여 하둡 2.0을 기반으로 쇼셜 네트워크 서비스에서 키워드로 검색한 비정형 데이터를 수집한 후, 수집된 비정형 데이터를 하둡 분산 파일 시스템과 HBase에 적재하고, 적재된 비정형 데이터를 기반으로 형태소 분석기를 이용하여 정형화된 빅데이터를 관계형 데이터베이스에 저장할 수 있게 설계하고 구현하였다. 향후에는 데이터 심화 분석을 위한 하이브나 머하웃을 이용하여 머신 러닝을 이용한 클러스터링과 분류 및 분석 작업 연구가 지속되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.269-282
• /
• 2016

Watershed area can be submerged due to constructions and management of dams, and these change can impact not only on ecosystem and environment of river basin area but also on local climate. This study is conducted to construct and classify climate zones of Andong Dam watershed where the area is submerged due to the construction of the dam. By applying Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Getis-Ord $Gi^*$ statistics, three climate zones were classified for the result. Each zone was then analyzed and validated with climatic and geological features including topography, land cover, and forest type map. As a result of the analysis, there was a difference in temperature, elevation, precipitation and tree species distribution among the zones. Also, an analysis of land cover map showed that there were more agricultural land near Andong Reservoir. This study on the climatic classification is considered to be useful as the basis for decision-making or policy enforcement regarding ecosystem, environmental management or climate change response.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.112-120
• /
• 2021

Recently, the number of consumers using digital online distribution platforms is increasing. This caused the rapid growth of the e-commerce market and increased delivery volume in urban areas. The logistics system, designed ar006Fund the city center to handle the delivery volume, operates a delivery system from the outskirts of the city to the urban area using cargo trucks. This maintains an ecosystem of high-cost and inefficient structures that increase social costs such as road traffic congestion and environmental problems. To solve this problem, research is being conducted worldwide to establish a high-efficiency urban joint logistics system using urban railway facilities and underground space infrastructure existing in existing cities. The joint logistics system begins with linking unmanned delivery automation services that link terminal delivery such as cargo classification and stacking, infrastructure construction that performs cargo transfer function by separating from passengers such as using cargo platform. To this end, it is necessary to apply the device to the vertical and horizontal transportation machine supporting the vertical transfer in the flat space of the joint logistics terminal, which is the base technology for transporting cargo using the transfer robot to the destination designated as a freight-only urban railway vehicle. Therefore, this paper aims to derive holistic viewpoints needs for design requirements for vertical and vertical transportation machines and freight transportation standard containers, which are underground railway logistics transport devices to be constructed by urban logistics ecosystem changes.

• 인간식물환경학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.95-105
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: A biosphere reserve is a complex concept that combines the preservation of biodiversity and the sustainable development with the region, outstanding ecosystems with worth conserving in worldwide. The purpose of this study is to suggest the way of zoning that can perform the functions of conservation, development, and logistics support of biosphere reserves. Methods: To meet the purpose of this study, the designation criteria, restrictions, and permissions of the protected area specified in the law for domestic protected areas were reviewed to classify the functions of a biosphere reserve. Results: Through this classification, 10 domestic protected areas with high ecological protection value, such as the natural beauty of the ecosystem, biodiversity, and habitats for wild animals and plants were derived as the core areas of the biosphere reserves. Also, a total of 21 protected zones that can function as a buffer to protect the core of the natural ecosystem from indiscriminate development such as resource protection, recovery, pollution prevention, and improvement were derived as appropriate sites for a buffer. In the review process, issues such as different behavioral restrictions and ranges of permission due to the application of different laws were identified, if two or more protected areas exist within one of the protected areas, there is a protected area that does not meet the criteria for designating use zone, or where behavior restrictions do not meet the zoning criteria of biosphere reserve, under the laws of domestic protected areas. Conclusion: Although this study was not able to carefully review most of the laws on domestic protected areas that are linked to other laws, it was able to categorize appropriate domestic protected areas that can act as the core and buffer zones of biosphere reserves.