• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.237-264
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of social integration of the person with physical disabilities based on independent living paradigm according to life span and to find factors affecting social integration and therefore to make policy implications for a better rehabilitation system. The data was obtained through telephone interviews with physically disabled residing in the city of Seoul and the suburb area of the city. The final sample consists of 591 respondents. The data was analyzed through frequency, oneway anova, pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression. In this study, social integration based on independent living paradigm was divided into separate but related dimensions: autonomy of activity daily living, accessibility, economic level, degree of social support satisfaction, consumer control, psychological empowerment. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the levels of six dimensions of social integration based on independent living paradigm were very different and especially the level of dimensions such as degree of social support satisfaction and consumer control were lower than other dimensions of social integration. Second, each level of social integration by life span was very different. Finally, the factors affecting social integration were socio-psychological traits such as social support, rehabilitation services, self esteem and acceptance of disability as well as the attribution to disability. The current findings suggest that improving nay only ADL or accessibility but also consumer control or social support should be considered by professional and policy makers. And differentiated intervention and policy according to life span necessary to policy makers and field practitioners.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.982-994
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• 2000

This study was designed to develop a program for unemployed matriarchs and show if the program affected their view on the meaning in life. The subjects were women registered in an occupational training program for unemployed matriarchs, which is being practiced in the 'Working Women Center' located in Busan. The researchers selected 44 persons from the group who agreed to our program. This study was done from the 10th of March, 1999 to the 9th of October. The researchers used the measurement tools, The Purpose in Life, Self-esteem, Hope and Meaning in Life which was composed of 63 items developed by them. Their Cronbach's alpha were .88, .79, .76 and .95. The researchers analyzed the data with frequency, percentage, Mean, S.D, Wilcoxon signed ranks test which were deduced from SPSS 10.0 WIN program. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The program is composed of 'becoming intimate', 'open-minded', 'exploration on self', 'relax of repressed emotion', 'self- acceptance', 'establishing the life-goal', 'enrichment of human relationship' and closing. It took 20 hours for this program to come into practice. 2) According to the analysis of the general traits of all subjects, average age was 39.36. High school graduates were 86%, college graduates were 14% and divorce were 57%, bereavement were 18%, and the rest were 25%. 3) The result of 1st progam showed self-esteem during the program was high. 4) The result of 2nd progam showed self-esteem during the program was high. 5) The result of 3rd progam showed the sum scores of meaning in life, creative meaning, and attitudinal meaning during the program was high. 6) The result of 4th progam showed the sum scores of meaning in life and creative meaning during the program was high. On the viewpoint of above results, we convinced that 'a program for unemployed matriarch is effective to establish a stronger meaning in life. Therefore, it is demanded that support for unemployed matriarchs should not only be economic help such as technical training and help of living expenses, but also psychological, professional and systematic support.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.429-437
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• 2020

This study was conducted to construct basic data for the selection of elite cows by analyzing the estimated breeding value (EBV) and accuracy using the pedigree of Hanwoo cows in Gyeongnam. The phenotype trait used in the analysis are the carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BFT) and marbling score (MS). The pedigree of the test group and reference group was collected to build a pedigree structure and a numeric relationship matrix (NRM). The EBV, genetic parameters and accuracy were estimated by applying NRM to the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) multiple-trait animal model of the BLUPF90 program. Looking at the pedigree structure of the test group, there were a total of 2,371 cows born between 2003 to 2009, of these 603 cows had basic registration (25%), 562 cows had pedigree registration (24%) and 1,206 cows had advanced registration (51%). The proportion of pedigree registered cows was relatively low but it gradually increased and reached a point of 20,847 cows (68%) between 2010 to 2017. Looking at the change in the EBV, the CWT improved from 4.992 kg to 9.885 kg, the EMA from 0.970 ㎠ to 2.466 ㎠, the BFT from -0.186 mm to -0.357 mm, and the MS from 0.328 to 0.559 points. As a result of genetic parameter estimation, the heritability of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 0.587, 0.416, 0.476, and 0.571, respectively, and the accuracy of those were estimated to be 0.559, 0.551, 0.554, and 0.558, respectively. Selection of superior genetic breed and efficient improvement could be possible if cow ability verification is implemented by using the accurate pedigree of each individual in the farms.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.401-410
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors and mediating effects of physical activity and nourishment regulation on well-being among young and middle aged patients on DM medication and to compare between those with non-pharmacological treatment and those without. Data were obtained from 2017 community health survey including 1,480 DM patients with oral medication in the age between 20 and 49. Using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0, path analysis was performed to explore the association between personal factors (socio-economic status, health habit, eating habit and compliance of health examination) and well-being, along with mediating effects of physical activity. Results demonstrated the different mediating role of physical activity. In medication only group, there was no direct effect of physical activity and no indirect effect of personal factors. Direct effect of physical activity and indirect effects of predictors were found in those with non-pharmacological treatment group. When developing strategies to enhance well-being of young and middle aged diabetic patients, proper reflection of their age specific traits and disease management capability are essential.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2015

Antheraea yamamai silkworm cocoon is considered as a natural biocompatible materials, but can not be used as medical resources due to its difficult processability. In this study, we examined the general characteristics including cocoon shell weight and structural and thermal properties of Antheraea yamamai silkworm cocoon. The cocoon shell weight and thickness of wild silkworm cocoon was 0.528 g and 0.424 mm, respectively. The cocoon has yellow-green color in outside cocoon but white in inner layer cocoon. Amino acid analysis showed that the main amino acid of Antheraea yamamai cocoon is alanine, glycine, serine, aspartic acid, tyrosine and arginine. X-ray diffractometry showed that strong diffraction peaks at $2{\theta}=16.8^{\circ}$, $20.4^{\circ}$, corresponded to ${\beta}$-sheet structure and sharp diffraction peaks at $2{\theta}=15.0^{\circ}$, $24.3^{\circ}$, $30.0^{\circ}$ due to the presence of calcium oxalate on cocoon surface. Antheraea yamamai cocoon was degraded at $370^{\circ}C$. These results might be used as basic information for development of non-textile materials using Anthereae yamamai silkworm cocoon.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 1999

The litter size has been the primary interest of economic traits in pig reproduction. It has been recently shown that insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) plays roles in establishing pregnancy and in supporting fetal growth and development. But, the effect of serum IGF-Ⅰ on litter size has not been studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to relate serum IGF-Ⅰ concentration with porcine litter size and to investigate the possible connection with estrogen receptor(ER) as a candidate gene for the litter size. Sera during day 45 to 105 of pregnancy were collected from two groups showing high and low litter size and serum IGF-Ⅰ concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). IGF-Ⅰ levels in both groups decreased gradually as pregnancy stage proceeded but were not significantly different. Secondly, DNA was extracted from blood and PCR-RFLP was utilized to analyze ER genotypes of pigs in each group, which produced three polymorphic patterns. Based on the ER genotypes analyzed, low litter size group showed higher IGF-Ⅰ concentration than high litter size group. Taken together, the results indicate that the serum IGF system was correlated with steroid system but not with the litter size in pigs. Thus, this study implies that porcine litter size could be determined locally at the ovary level.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2017

Based on Income-approach, this study develops the evaluation model which reflects construction industry's traits. Using Income approach, we derive future income's present value and evaluates the technological value by contribution to future income. As there exist more random variables in construction technology than in standardized manufactured products, we cannot help relying on not only quantitative estimation method but also qualitative evaluation by technology and market experts when we estimates construction technology value. Also, conservative estimation is needed for discount rate and cash-flow estimation, because of high uncertainty in sales and profits in construction industry. In empirical analysis, we applied economic periods of duration and cash-flow based on the standard guideline, and analyzed discount rate and technology factor based on characteristics of construction industry. The discount rate is estimated to 15% because of risk-premium increase by conservative evaluation. Technology factor is estimated to 46.7%, because technological intensity is estimated to 72% by technological superiority. Such implications can be inferred. Firstly, we need to build a database to diversify categories for division of sectors by activity or industrial classification which is now categorized only by two sectors in standard guideline. Secondly, the roles of experts who participate in technology evaluation are important because of volatility of construction technology.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1239-1247
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• 2009

Study the gene about economical characteristic of human disease or domestic animal is a matter of grave interest, preserve and elevation of gene of Korea cattle is key subject. Studies have been done on the gene of Korea cattle using EST based SNP map, but it is based on statistical model, therefore there are difference between real position and statistical position. These problems are solved using both EST_based SNP map and Gene on sequence by Lee et al. (2009b). We have used multifactor dimensionality reduction(MDR) method to study interaction effect of statistical model in general. But MDR method cannot be applied in all cases. It can be applied to the only case-control data. So, method is suggested E-MDR method using CART algorithm. Also we identified interaction effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) responsible for average daily gain(ADG) and marbling score(MS) using E-MDR method.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1334-1341
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• 2007

This study identified hepatic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) affecting the marbling of muscle. Most dietary nutrients bypass the liver and produce plasma lipoproteins. These plasma lipoproteins transport free fatty acids to the target tissue, adipose tissue and muscle. We examined hepatic genes differentially expressed in a differential-display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (ddRT-PCR) analysis comparing high- and low-marbled Hanwoo steers. Using 60 arbitrary primers, we found 13 candidate genes that were upregulated and five candidate genes that were downregulated in the livers of high-marbled Hanwoo steers compared to low-marbled individuals. A BLAST search for the 18 DEGs revealed that 14 were well characterized, while four were not annotated. We examined four DEGs: ATP synthase F0, complement component CD, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein (PEBP). Of these, only two genes (complement component CD and IGFBP3) were differentially expressed at p<0.05 between the livers of high- and low-marbled individuals. The mean mRNA levels of the PEBP and ATP synthase F0 genes did not differ significantly between the livers of high- and low-marbled individuals. Moreover, these DEGs showed very high inter-individual variation in expression. These informative DEGs were assigned to the bovine chromosome in a BLAST search of MS marker subsets and the bovine genome sequence. Genes related to energy metabolism (ATP synthase F0, ketohexokinase, electron-transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase and NADH hydrogenase) were assigned to BTA 1, 11, 17, and 22, respectively. Syntaxin, IGFBP3, decorin, the bax inhibitor gene and the PEBP gene were assigned to BTA 3, 4, 5, 5, and 17, respectively. In this study, the in silico physical maps provided information on the specific location of candidate genes associated with economic traits in cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.772-784
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• 2012

Marker-assisted gene pyramiding aims to produce individuals with superior economic traits according to the optimal breeding scheme which involves selecting a series of favorite target alleles after cross of base populations and pyramiding them into a single genotype. Inspired by the science of evolutionary computation, we used the metaphor of hill-climbing to model the dynamic behavior of gene pyramiding. In consideration of the traditional cross program of animals along with the features of animal segregating populations, four types of cross programs and two types of selection strategies for gene pyramiding are performed from a practical perspective. Two population cross for pyramiding two genes (denoted II), three population cascading cross for pyramiding three genes(denoted III), four population symmetry (denoted IIII-S) and cascading cross for pyramiding four genes (denoted IIII-C), and various schemes (denoted cross program-A-E) are designed for each cross program given different levels of initial favorite allele frequencies, base population sizes and trait heritabilities. The process of gene pyramiding breeding for various schemes are simulated and compared based on the population hamming distance, average superior genotype frequencies and average phenotypic values. By simulation, the results show that the larger base population size and the higher the initial favorite allele frequency the higher the efficiency of gene pyramiding. Parents cross order is shown to be the most important factor in a cascading cross, but has no significant influence on the symmetric cross. The results also show that genotypic selection strategy is superior to phenotypic selection in accelerating gene pyramiding. Moreover, the method and corresponding software was used to compare different cross schemes and selection strategies.