• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1997년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.69.2-69
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• 1997

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• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2009

본 연구는 변산반도국립공원 소나무군집의 식생구조 특성을 분석하여 소나무군집의 관리방안 수립하고 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 변산반도국립공원 전체 현존식생 조사결과 소나무군집과 소나무-참나무류군집이 40.3%의 넓은 면적으로 분포하였다. 소나무군집 내에 설정한 21개 조사지(단위면적: $400m^2$)의 TWINSPAN 분석결과 8개 유형으로 구분되었으며 수령 분석결과 소나무와 낙엽활엽수와의 수령이 40~50년생으로 유사하였다. 8개 유형은 굴참나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에 쇠물푸레나무와 졸참나무가 출현하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에 졸참나무, 관목층에 청미래덩굴이 출현하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에서 소나무와 쇠물푸레가 출현하는 소나무 군집, 졸참나무, 개서어나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 굴참나무, 졸참나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 산벚나무가 출현하는 소나무군집, 전나무가 출현하는 소나무군집이었다. 굴참나무, 졸참나무 등 참나무류, 개서어나무와 경쟁하는 소나무림은 향후 이들 낙엽활엽수림으로의 천이가 예측되었다. 샤논의 종다양도지수는 0.2756~1.3879이었으며 상관관계 분석결과 소나무는 굴참나무, 개서어나무 등과 유의적인 부의 상관관계가, 쇠물푸레나무, 철쭉꽃 등과는 유의적인 정의 상관관계가 인정되었다. 변산반도국립공원 소나무림 식생구조 분석 결과 일부 참나무류, 낙엽활엽수로 천이가 예측되는 지역이 전체면적의 30.4%로 분포하여 관리방안으로 소나무림 경관보전을 위한 보존지역 설정과 참나무류, 개서어나무 등 경쟁수종의 관리를 제안하였다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.546-552
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• 2007

The objectives of this study were to analyze fish compositions, based on trophic guilds and tolerance guilds and determine community characteristics structure at five sampling sites of Yeongsan Lake during July 2006-May 2007. Total number of species sampled was 30 species and the number was 1350. Cyprinidae (77%) and Centrarchidae (15.7%) dominated the community and then followed by Cobitidae(2.7%), Gobiidae(2.4%), Mugilidae (0.5%), and others (0.1%). The relative abundance of tolerant and omnivore species at all sites was 63% and 77% of the total, respectively, suggesting an ecological degradations in the Lake. Exotics species such as large mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), which is a top-carnivore in the water distributed at all sampling sites, implying that ecological disturbance was severe based on previous reference of US EPA (1991). Also, we found external anomalies such as external deformities, bleeding and tumors and not found migratory fish. Analysis of fish community structure showed that species diversity index and richness index was the highest in Site 1 and the dominance index was the highest in Site 2. In this study, high proportions of tolerant species and omnivore species, widespread exotic species, and frequent observations of abnormal fish. Such problems may be directly or indirectly associated with high nutrient enrichments and the reduced flow velocity by the dam construction. The ecosystem restoration by dam removal or removal of exotic top-carnivore fish may be one of the best strategies for better lak management.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2009

Corylopsis coreana Uyeki is endemic species in the Korean peninsula and is designated a Category Endangered Plant Species by the Wildlife Protection Act of South Korea. We developed the plan and cooperative model within the local community for the species conservation. In order to carry out this plan we first investigated the ecological characteristics of the species. The species shows patterns of discontinuous distribution and is coupled with the unusual feature of only growing on northern exposed slopes. Although Corylopsis coreana is cut the stem every year, many new sprouts are still grown from the root. Natural germination of the seed occurs only on north-facing slopes, but not on south-facing slopes at spring. That is, the species is highly influenced by soil moisture until the seedling stage has been reached. This factor limits the distribution of the species. When saplings are planted on south-facing slopes, they grow well. The information we gathered greatly helped with efforts to draw up conservation plans. In addition, when the information was shared with the local community, builders and residents showed great interest and displayed a will to help with conservation efforts. Therefore, a cooperative model within the local community was drawn up for the conservation of the species. Accordingly this model could be applied at mitigation measure at environment impact assessment.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2015

Stream ecosystems are closely related to many human activities. Therefore, streams are affected by anthropogenic disturbances such as riverine development and gravel-mining as well as deterioration of water quality. The goal of this study was to elucidate the recolonization process of the macroinvertebrate community after a small-scale anthropogenic disturbance. Field studies were conducted at three sites in a natural stream. The number of recolonizing species tended to increase slightly over time, exceeding the total species number of the control. Ephemeroptera contributed the most to shaping the recolonizing pattern of the entire community. From the result of changes in dominant species, the early recolonizers of each site were the species that showed more frequent occurrence particulary at each sites. But the late recolonizers are Chironomidae at all the sites commonly. This result implies that the actual differences exist among the recolonizing trends of each benthic macroinvertebrate taxon. Collector-gatherers and scrapers comprised about 70% of the recolonizing species. These results indicate that the recolonizing process of an aquatic community after an artificial disturbance depends on the environmental conditions(particularly substratum composition or organic pollution) of the habitat.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.431-445
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• 2022

The Gwangju Stream is a major tributary of the Yeongsan River. To maintain environmental and ecological functions in the stream, the flow is secured by natural water from the Mudeung Mountain as well as waters discharged from Lake Juam and the Gwangju sewage treatment plants. A substantial amount of water is supplied into the upper reaches of Gwangju Stream from Lake Juam. To examine the ecological effects of the water input from Lake Juam on the Gwangju Stream, a field survey of phytoplankton community species and an evaluation of water properties was conducted at five stations, from station GJ1 before the inflow to station GJ5 in the lower region. Nutrient levels decreased in the vicinity of the Lake Juam inflow, suggesting that this water inflow can contribute to the reduction of eutrophication in the stream. The phytoplankton community was mainly composed of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Cyanophyceae, and the community structure was similar to that of the other study sites located near the water inflow regions. The inflow of water from Lake Juam can affect water quality and the phytoplankton community over a limited area, reducing eutrophication and increasing water flow in the Gwangju Stream.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were to identify multi-level stressors from blood biomarkers to community-level bioindicators and diagnose the stream ecosystem health in polluted streams. Blood chemistry such as total protein ($T_{Pro}$), blood urea nitrogen ($B_{UN}$), total cholesterol ($T_{Cho}$) and $A_{lb}$umin ($A_{lb}$) were analyzed from sentinel fish tissues; the functions of kidney, gill and liver were significantly decreased in the impacted zone ($I_z$), compared to the control zone ($C_z$). Histopathological analysis showed that fish liver tissues were normal in the $C_z$. Fish liver tissues in the $I_z$, however, showed large cell necrosis and degeneration and also had moderate lobular inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration of lymphocytic histocytes. Species biotic index (SBI) at species level and stream health assessment (SHA) at community level indicated that chemical impacts were evident in the $I_z$ (ecological health; poor - very poor), and this was matched with the blood tissue analysis and histopathological analysis. The impairments of the streams were supported by water chemistry analysis (nitrogen, phosphorus). Tolerance guild analysis and trophic guild analysis of fish were showed significant differences (P < 0.01) between $C_z$ and $I_z$. Overall, multiple parameter analysis from biomarker level (blood tissues) to bioindicator level (community health) showed significantly greater impacts in the $I_z$ than $C_z$. This approach may be effective as a monitoring tool in identifying the multilateral and forthcoming problems related to chemical pollution and habitat degradation of stream ecosystems.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to characterize the forest vegetation structure and site of Quercus serrata forest for ecological forest management and ecological niche. The results are as follows : The chemical properties of Q. serrata forest soil were 0.24% of total nitrogen, 8.27 of organic matter, 74ppm of available phosphorous, 1.64(me/100g) of Ca, 0.22(me/100g) of Mg, 0.74(me/100g) of K and 9.3(me/100g) of cation exchangeable capacity. The dominant species in Quercus serrata forest were Quercus serrata, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Quercus mongolica, Styrax obassia, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Styrax japonica. DBH analysis showed that Quercus serrata seems to remain as a dominant species for the present because they had random distribution based on few of big individuality, many of small and middle individuality. But the Q. serrata community is competing with Q. mongolica and F. rhynchophylla, whose density of small individuality has increased. With the classification of TWINSPAN, Q. serrata forest was classified three groups, such as Q. serrata-Acer mono, Q. serrata, Q. serrata-Q. acutissima communities. The results of the correlation analysis of Q. serrata major communities and environment factors are as follows; Q. serrata-A. mono community was found relatively in high elevated and eastern and northern area that has relatively high percentage organic matter. Also Q. serrata community was found in high elevated and eastern and northern area that has high percentage organic matter. Q. serrata-Q. acutissima community was found in low elevated and southern and western area that has low percentage organic matter.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권5_1호
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• pp.435-448
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• 1998

The phytosociological investigation was carried out at 32 sites of the riparian vegetation in Musim-Chon stream passed through Choengju-City, Chungcheongbuk-Province by Braun-Blanquet's method from August to October, 1997. The flora of vascular plants in this survey was 202 species. The riparian vegetation was classified into 25 communities as follows. The submerged hydrophytes are Potomogeton malaianus var. latifolius community, Potomogeton crispus community, Myriophyllum verticillatum community-Hydrilla verticillata community and Ceratophyllum demersum community. The floating-leaved hydrophyte is Trapa japonica community. The emerged hydrophytes are Phragmites communis community, Perzicaria thunbergii community, Phragmites japonica community, Oenanthe javanica community, Zizania latifolia community and Persicaria hydropiper community. The herbaceous vegetation of floodplain are Artemisia montana community, Humulus japonicus community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Erigeron anmus community, Impatiens balsamina community, Bidens frondosa community, Setaria viridis community, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior community and Eragrostis ferruginea community. The woody vegetation of floodplain are Robinia pseudo-acacia community, Stephanandra incisa community and Clematis apiifolia community. The species diversity was low in the upper and down stream, while the diversity was high in the mid stream situated at the center of Choengju-City because of frequent disturbance by citizens. These results suggested that distribution of communities and species diversity was closely related to the disturbance.

• 생태와환경
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• 제33권1호통권89호
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• pp.38-50
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• 2000

전라남도 광양시 진상면 일대의 수어댐 담수수역을 중심으로 하는 수어천 수역을 대상으로 이화학적 환경요인, 식물플랑크톤의 종조성과 현존량 및 부착조류에 대한 조사를 1998년 8월부터 1999년 4월까지 총 5개정점에서 실시하였다. 이화학적 환경요인 중 pH는 중성에 가까운 약산성을 나타내었고, 출현한 식물플랑크톤은 112종류였으며 조사 정점 중 하류수역인 정점 4 및 정점 5에서는 녹조류, 남조류 및 와편모조류의 출현빈도가 높아 정점간의 차이를 나타내었다. 출현한 돌말류는 대부분이 소형 깃돌말류였다. 계절별로는 동계에 가장 적게 출현하였고 하계 및 추계에 많이 출현하였으며 정점별로는 하류 정점으로 갈수록 출현종류 수가 증가하였다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량은 1999년 4월 정점 4의 10,100 cells/1이 최저였으며 1998년 10월 정점 4의 1,489,100 cells/1이 최대였다. 정점별 현존량 변이 역시 정점 1, 정점 2, 정점 3에서와 하류수역인 정점 4 및 정점 5에서는 다른 양상을 나타내었다. Achnanthes minutissima, Rhizosolenia longiseta, Synedra rumpens, filamentous algae 등이 조사 기간 중 최고의 점유율을 나타내었으며 이외에 Aulacoseira distans v. alpigena, Cocconeis placentula v. lineata, Cymbella minuta, C. silesiaca, Fragilaria arcus v. recta, Peridinium cinctum등이 주요 우점종으로 출현하였다. 부착조류는 99종류가 출현하였는데, 돌말류의 출현빈도가 매우 높았으며 출현종류는 식물플랑크톤 군집과 약간의 차이를 나타내었다. 출현종류 수는 동계에 가장 많이 출현하여 식물플랑크톤의 계절별 출현상황과는 차이를 나타내었다. 출현한 식물플랑크톤 및 부착조류 중 각각의 돌말류를 대상으로 Ecological indicator values를 적용시켜본 결과, 본 조사 수역의 수질 오염정도는 ${\beta}$-중부수성을 나타내었으며, 영양상태는 부영양 단계의 근접한 상태를 나타내었다. 부유돌말류 및 부착돌말류의 출현에 따른 Ecological indicator values에는 차이가 없었다.