• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.118-136
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• 2012

Investigation of flora was performed from March to October of 2008 as Eastern and Western coastal districts located in the same latitude ($36^{\circ}47^{\prime}-37^{\circ}48^{\prime}$), in order to apply this to basic data for effective protection and management of coastal forests also for insurance of biodiversity in coastal forests. As a result of the investigation of floras, both coastal forests recorded product-plants as follows: 98 families, 262 genera, 370 species, 46 varieties, 4 forms, 1 hybrid, 421 taxa in total. The Eastern coastal forests had 85 families, 188 genus, 248 species, 32 varieties, 3 forms, 1 hybrid, 285 taxa in total, whereas Western coastal forest had 96 families, 227 genus, 306 species, 39 varieties, 2 forms, 1 hybrid, 348 taxa in total. Among them, seashore plants accounted for 10.2% of total plants appeared in both coastal, and they are 26 families, 38 genus, 40 species, 3 hybrids and 43 taxa in total. There are special Korea plants in both coastal; 9 families, 9 genus, 8 species, 1 varieties, 1 hybrid, 10 taxa in total. There are rare plants in both coastal; 8 families, 8 genus, 7 species, 1 varieties, 8 taxa in total. Naturalized plants are also existed; 11 families, 24 species, 1 variety, 30 taxa in total.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 2022

In this study, the dietary habits of the spinyhead sculpin Dasycottus setiger were investigated based on 156 specimens collected seasonally between May 2018 and February 2019 from the East Sea off the Korean coast. In terms of the weight contribution (%W), the main food items of the spinyhead sculpin were found to be teleosts (33.5%), followed by carid shrimps (13.8%), amphipods (13.3%), cephalopods (12.0%), and polychaetes (7.1%). Dietary analyses based on the weight contribution of different prey taxa in the diet of the spinyhead sculpin revealed considerable variation in the dietary composition in terms of the sampling region and fish size implying intra-specific dietary segregation. The spinyhead sculpin showed a size-related trends in dietary shift from amphipods to carid shrimps and teleosts in northern region, and from carid shrimps and mysids to teleosts and cephalopods in middle eastern coast. Multivariate analyses of dietary changes revealed that the dietary composition of spinyhead sculpin is significantly associated with the sampling site, but not the fish size. Amphipods contributed more to the diets of the northern population, while mysids typified the diets of spinyhead scuplin inhabiting the middle eastern coast, indicating differences in available food resources between the two study regions.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.28-41
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• 1994

The hourly sea level data are analyzed in order to find the general characteristics of the storm surges at the coasts of Korea, Japan and Russia. the surges are calculated by removing the predicted tides from the observed sea level at 44 tidal stations. In korea, positive and negative surges of the west coast are larger than those of the south and east coasts. The magnitudes of negative surges are larger than those of positive surges at the west of Japan. The surges of the northern Russian coast are relatively larger than those of the southern west coast of japan. The yearly maximum positive surges at the west coast of Korea, are found to be caused by extratropical storm, but the maximum positive surges at the south or the east coast of Korea are due to the summer typhoon. Mostly the yearly maximum negative surges occur at the west coast of Korea (particularly Inchon), and they are caused by extratropical storm.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.644-650
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• 2023

We examined the effects of serotonin on the spawning response, sperm motility, and D-shaped larva production in Eastern Gooeyduck clam Panopea sp. based on the sperm densities at fertilization and washing after mixing the eggs and sperm. The highest spawning induction was found showed in females and males injected with 1 mL of 2 mM serotonin. The spawning responses in females and males were higher at concentrations greater than 1 mM and 0.75 mM, respectively. Regarding the activities of sperm in sea water after serotonin injection, the sperm showed activity at >90.0% until 120 mins. We also examined the effects of sperm concentration at the fertilization and washing times after mixing the eggs and sperm. We confirmed that washing within 1 minute at a concentration of 1,500 sperms/mL or less can prevent egg destruction by polyspermy and secure a large number of D-phase larvae. These results should be useful for developing the aquaculture process for Eastern Gooeyduck clam, Panopea sp.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.365-382
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• 2016

The results from the Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements of the Mobile Observation Vehicle (MOVE) on the eastern coast of Korea have been compared with REFerence (REF) values from the fixed GPS sites to assess the performance of Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) retrievals in a kinematic environment. MOVE-PWV retrievals had comparatively similar trends and fairly good agreements with REF-PWV with a Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) of 7.4 mm and $R^2$ of 0.61, indicating statistical significance with a p-value of 0.01. PWV retrievals from the June cases showed better agreement than those of the other month cases, with a mean bias of 2.1 mm and RMSE of 3.8 mm. We further investigated the relationships of the determinant factors of GPS signals with the PWV retrievals for detailed error analysis. As a result, both MultiPath (MP) errors of L1 and L2 pseudo-range had the best indices for the June cases, 0.75-0.99 m. We also found that both Position Dilution Of Precision (PDOP) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values in the June cases were better than those in other cases. That is, the analytical results of the key factors such as MP errors, PDOP, and SNR that can affect GPS signals should be considered for obtaining more stable performance. The data of MOVE can be used to provide water vapor information with high spatial and temporal resolutions in the case of dramatic changes of severe weather such as those frequently occurring in the Korean Peninsula.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1975

In order to clarify the accumulation of radioactive materials in marine organisms of Korea, the present investigation is carried out with 54 samples of edible seaweeds collected from eight sampling sites along the coast of Korea during September, 1973 and April, 1974. In this paper, ash contents, gross alpha activities and gross beta activities are detected. The ash content is 7.53- 15.95% in the species investigated. Among the algal phyla it is about 13.13% in green algae, 12.77% in brown algae, and 10.77% in red algae on an average. On the other hand, gross alpha activities fluctuate from 180.0 pCi/Kg to 1082.6 pCi /Kg-fresh material experimented, and are 530.72 pCi/Kg on an average. They increase from green to red and brown algae, in turn. The activities in a single species collected at the same season increse from eastern to western and southern coasts of Korea, in turn. Gross beta activities, however, fluctuate from 2.40 nCi/Kg to 22.14 nCi/Kg-fresh material experimented, and 9.03 nCi/Kg on an average. They increase also from green to red nd brown algae, in turn. The gross beta activities are specially higher in Sargassum thunbergii, 22.14 nCi/Kg It is expected that this plant could be an indicator to detect the activities in the marine algae along the coast of Korea.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.20.1-20.3
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• 2018

Hypoptychus dybowskii, the Korean sandlance, is widespread in cold areas of the North Pacific. Although H. dybowskii has been considered to occur on the coast of Hamgyeongnam-do in Korea, the species is also distributed along the coast of Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, south of Hamgyeongnam-do in the eastern part of the Korean Peninsula on the basis of newly collected specimens. In addition, many Koreans confuse H. dybowskii and Ammodytes japonicus (= A. personatus for Korean specimens) because the Korean common name or dialect of both species is "Yang-mi-ri", yet the two species differ in their external morphology. Hypoptychus dybowskii differs from A. japonicus in the location of the origin of the dorsal fin and the number of dorsal and anal fin rays.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.314-318
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• 2018

A marine algal species was collected from Sacheonjin, Gangneung located on the eastern coast of Korea during a survey of marine algal flora. This alga shares the generic features of Membranoptera belonging to the subfamily Delesserioideae and is characterized by the presence of combined features of membranous, monostromatic thalli attached by a solid discoid holdfast, blades with a conspicuous terete stipe-like midrib and microscopic lateral veins, entire margins, irregularly alternate to dichotomous branching, and obtuse apices growing apically. In a phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequences, the Korean alga nests in the same clade with M. alata from the eastern North Atlantic. The genetic distance between both the sequences within the clade was calculated as 0.0%. Based on the morphological and molecular analyses, this Korean species is identified as the generic type, M. alata. This is the first record in the list of Korean marine algal flora.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.177-184
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• 2003

Numerical simulation on marine wind and sea surface elevation was carried out using both three-dimensional hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic models and a simple oceanic model from 0900 LST, August 13 to 0900 LST, August 15, 1995. As daytime easterly meso-scale sea-breeze from the eastern sea penetrates Kangnung city in the center part as basin and goes up along the slope of Mt. Taegullyang in the west, it confronts synoptic-scale westerly wind blowing over the top of the mountain at the mid of the eastern slope and then the resultant wind produces an upper level westerly return flow toward the East Sea. In a narrow band of weak surface wind within 10km of the coastal sea, wind stress is generally small, less than l${\times}$10E-2 Pa and it reaches 2 ${\times}$ 10E-2 Pa to the 35 km. Positive wind stress curl of 15 $\times$ 10E-5Pa $m^{-1}$ still exists in the same band and corresponds to the ascent of 70 em from the sea level. This is due to the generation of northerly wind driven current with a speed of 11 m $S^{-1}$ along the coast under the influence of south-easterly wind and makes an intrusion of warm waters from the southern sea into the northern coast, such as the East Korea Warm Current. On the other hand, even if nighttime downslope windstorm of 14m/s associated with both mountain wind and land-breeze produces the development of internal gravity waves with a hydraulic jump motion of air near the coastal inland surface, the surface wind in the coastal sea is relatively moderate south-westerly wind, resulting in moderate wind stress. Negative wind stress curl in the coast causes the subsidence of the sea surface of 15 em along the coast and south-westerly coastal surface wind drives alongshore south-easterly wind driven current, opposite to the daytime one. Then, it causes the intrusion of cold waters like the North Korea Cold Current in the northern coastal sea into the narrow band of the southern coastal sea. However, the band of positive wind stress curl at the distance of 30km away from the coast toward further offshore area can also cause the uprising of sea waters and the intrusion of warm waters from the southern sea toward the northern sea (northerly wind driven current), resulting in a counter-clockwise wind driven current. These clockwise and counter-clockwise currents much induce the formation of low clouds containing fog and drizzle in the coastal region.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.518-534
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• 2003

A strategic planning to attain a Marine Logistic Transportation Center on the Far-Eastern Pacific is investigated and is being reviewed at the NTRM Vision IV. Utilizing high speed super-sized container carriers, 15,000TEU and 35knots, between the two hub-ports, a western coast city of the United States and Kwangyang/Busan of South Korea, are motivated by now highly successful shipbuilding and maritime industries. SMART, 330MW thermal power plant under planning, will greatly expedite the transfer of cargoes across the Pacific. A sizable effort is required to achieve the goal, but the reward will also be very great, technically, economically, socially and geo-politically.