• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구는 COVID-19 상황 속 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 놀이 활동과 관련된 문헌을 분석하여 재난으로 인한 아동의 놀이 활동 참여 변화를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : Arskey와 O'Malley가 제시한 주제범위 문헌고찰의 5단계에 따라 진행되었다. COVID-19가 발표된 2020년 3월부터 2022년 8월까지 CINAHL, PubMed, ERIC, MEDLINE, Google scholar 데이터베이스와 Google 검색엔진을 통해 영문 문헌과 웹사이트 정보를 검색하였다. 문헌의 출판연도, 연구가 이루어진 국가, 연구유형, 대상자 연령, 대상자 수, 연구 결과 등의 10가지 항목에 따라 데이터를 정리하였다. 양적 자료를 통해 관련 주제의 일반적 특성을 알아보았고, 주제 분석을 통해 COVID-19로 인한 아동의 놀이 양상 변화를 확인하였다. 결과 : 437개의 문헌 및 152개의 웹사이트 정보를 검토하여 최종적으로 6개의 문헌이 분석되었다. 분석된 연구는 다양한 나라와 분야의 전문가들에 의해 수행되었다. 문헌에서 공통으로 강조된 5가지 주제는 COVID-19로 인한 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 실외 놀이 감소, 스크린 이용 시간 증가, 가족 간 시간 증가, 감각적 어려움, 그리고 연구자가 권고하는 서비스로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 재난 상황 시 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동이 경험하는 놀이 활동 참여의 어려움을 해결하기 위해 주양육자와 자녀가 함께할 수 있는 공동 미디어 참여, 부모 행동 전략 교육 등의 비대면 프로그램을 제안한다. 연구 결과는 향후 재난 상황 시 장애아동의 놀이 활동의 중요성을 강조하고, 이를 지원하기 위한 작업치료사의 역할과 서비스 지침을 체계화하는 데에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2024

목적: 암 환자 치료에 대한 반응률은 종양 세포가 면역 회피 반응을 일으키면서 떨어지게 된다. 방사선 치료나 항암 치료 같은 표준 치료들은 병을 고치거나 환자들의 생명을 연장하는 목적으로 쓰이나 그 독성이나 부작용으로 인해 효과가 제한되고 있다. 한약은 아시아 지역에서 활용되고 있는 대표적인 보완 의학이며 면역 작용을 증강시키기 위해 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 프로토콜은 향후 암 환자들의 면역 기능을 개선시키는 데 있어서 한약의 객관적인 유효성을 체계적 문헌 고찰로 평가하고자 한다. 방법: 검색할 데이터베이스는 다음과 같다: MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE via Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Korean databases including Regional Information Sharing Systems(RISS), National Digital Science Library(NDSL), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS). 한약을 이용해 암 환자들의 면역 기능 개선을 다룬 전향적 무작위 대조 연구들을 포함시키고, 면역 기능과 관련된 모든 지표들(CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 비율, CD19(B세포), CD11(수지상세포), CD56(NK세포), 대식세포 등)을 분석한다. 결과: 암 환자의 면역 기능과 관련된 지표들을 포함시켜 체계적 문헌 고찰과 메타 분석을 수행할 예정이다. 결론: 한약의 암 환자 면역 기능 개선 유효성을 객관적으로 알리고, 본 연구를 통해 환자와 의료진에게 암 치료에 있어서 새로운 선택지를 넓힐 수 있도록 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to collect and analyze the clinical studies of traditional herbal medicine and acupuncture treatments for colorectal cancer patients searched in Pubmed and Cochrane library in English. We collected the clinical studies, including randomized controlled trial, case control study and cohort study, in the PubMed and Cochrane library using keywords 'Colorectal Cancer', 'Korean Medicine', 'Traditional Chinese Medicine', 'Kampo' and 'Acupuncture'. Then we analyzed them according to the objective of the therapy, i.e. improving therapy prognosis, reducing chemotherapy's adverse event and reducing operational adverse event. In case RCT, we evaluate the quality of the study with jadad scale. Total 18 studies were selected. There were 3 studies about improving therapy prognosis, 6 studies about reducing chemotherapy's adverse event and 9 studies about reducing operational adverse event. Traditional medicine might improve therapy prognosis in terms of the survival rate, relapse/metastasis rate, quality of life and immune function. The specific herbal formula, 'Goshajinkigan' might not be successful about reducing chemotherapy's adverse event, peripheral neurotoxicity. 'Hangeshanshinto' might reduce the duration of oral mucositis but it is not clear to reduce the incidence of that. 'PHY906' might reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Acupuncture might reduce operational adverse event such as gastrointestinal dysfunction and pain. And 'Daikenchuto' might not be successful in reducing operational adverse event, gastrointestinal dysfunction. Further studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of traditional herbal medicine and acupuncture for colorectal cancer patients.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권
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• pp.11.1-11.19
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• 2015

Objectives The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to provide summarized evidence on the association between maternal exposure to particulate air pollution and birth weight (BW) and preterm birth (PTB) after taking into consideration the potential confounding effect of maternal smoking. Methods We systematically searched all published cohort and case-control studies examining BW and PTB association with particulate matter (PM, less than or equal to $2.5{\mu}m$ and $10.0{\mu}m$ in diameter, $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$, respectively) from PubMed and Web of Science, from January 1980 to April 2015. We extracted coefficients for continuous BW and odds ratio (OR) for PTB from each individual study, and meta-analysis was used to combine the coefficient and OR of individual studies. The methodological quality of individual study was assessed using a standard protocol proposed by Downs and Black. Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Results In random effects meta-analyses, BW as a continuous outcome was negatively associated with $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increase in $PM_{10}$ (-10.31 g; 95% confidence interval [CI], -13.57 to -3.13 g; I-squared=0%, p=0.947) and $PM_{2.5}$ (-22.17 g; 95% CI, -37.93 to -6.41 g; Isquared=92.3%, p<0.001) exposure during entire pregnancy, adjusted for maternal smoking. A significantly increased risk of PTB per $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increase in $PM_{10}$ (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.41; I-squared=0%, p=0.977) and $PM_{2.5}$ (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.22; I-squared=92.5%, p<0.001) exposure during entire pregnancy was observed. Effect size of change in BW per $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increase in PM tended to report stronger associations after adjustment for maternal smoking. Conclusions While this systematic review supports an adverse impact of maternal exposure to particulate air pollution on birth outcomes, variation in effects by exposure period and sources of heterogeneity between studies should be further explored.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2017

Previous studies have found that firefighters have a tenfold higher prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) compare to the general population. Firefighters are constantly exposed to various occupational hazards including toxic chemicals of fire residue and the toxic chemicals can effects development and progression of PD. Nevertheless, there were no studies about the association between exposure to chemical byproducts of combustion and the development of PD among firefighters. Thus the aim of this study is to look into existing researches regarding the effect of chemical byproducts of combustion on the development of PD. An extensive literature search was conducted to identify harmful chemical components of smoke and fire residue, using the PubMed database during November of 2016. We searched for relevant articles by combining several keywords that contained "Parkinson's disease" and each of the different toxic chemicals, yielding a total of 1401 articles. After applying the selection criteria, 12 articles were chosen. Chemical substances reported to have a harmful effect on PD, in at least one article, were carbon monoxide, toluene, manganese and lead. Carbon monoxide and metal substances including manganese and lead were found to be associated with an increased PD risk in more than two articles. There was a heightened risk of PD in firefighters due to exposure of chemical byproducts of combustion including carbon monoxide, toluene, manganese and lead. However, to the best of our knowledge, to support this result we need more systematic epidemiological studies about these risk factors of PD among firefighters. In addition, further studies for the effects of prolonged exposure to toxic fire residue on the development and progression of PD in firefighters are needed.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.519-530
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop outcome indicators in clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for asthma. cough and sputum. To accomplish the objective, this study collected outcome indicators developed and used according to conventional medical concepts. Methods : Our research group reviewed SCI papers concerned with developing outcome indicators to evaluate amelioration of asthma, cough and sputum. We also reviewed clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for them. Results : To evaluate asthma, objective as well as subjective methods were chosen according to the purpose of each trial. Objective methods were PEF, FEVl, serum IgE, peripheral eosinophil counts, and so on. Subjective methods were symptom scores, symptom diaries, quality of life measures, etc. To evaluate cough and sputum, objective and subjective methods were also chosen. Objective methods were tussigenic challenges, sputum induction and computerized methodology, and subjective methods were similar to the methodology evaluating asthmatic symptoms. Conclusions : It is desirable for a clinical trial evaluating herbal drugs for asthma, cough and sputum to use objective and subjective outcome indicators together. However, biological outcome indicators, a kind of objective methods, can not be chosen as the purpose of trial. Valid and reliable subjective outcome indicators are needed to develop good clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for asthma, cough and sputum.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.62-89
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical nasal application of Herbal medicine compared with Western medicine in the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis(AR). Methods : Electronic databases including Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, KMBASE, KISS, NDSL, OASIS, KISS and KJTK(Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal) were searched by the keywords such as 'allergic rhinitis', 'nasal sprays', 'herbal medicine', 'plant extracts', and 'external application'. The quality of each RCTs was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration of 'Risk of bias(RoB) Tool'. Results : 19 RCTs were finally selected from 1419 references screened. 19 RCTs were compared with the effects of topical nasal application of Herbal medicine and Western medicine. Based on the symptom scores from 13 RCTs, topical nasal application of herbal medicine generally has a better effect on relief of AR. The two treatments have similar effects on improving the level of specific factors like IgE, IgG, IL-13, $uLTD_4$ in blood and urine. 8 RCTs showed adverse effects(AEs) in both groups and severe AEs were not reported. Conclusions : This study shows that topical nasal application of herbal medicine can improve symptoms and related factors of allergic rhinitis. Well-designed RCT studies with low risk of bias should be conducted to confirm these findings.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1100-1118
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of acupuncture as a treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). We used a meta-analysis and systematic review to analyze the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that applied acupuncture to AR patients. Methods: The key question assessed the effects of acupuncture on patients with AR, and we included only RCTs. We searched the KoreaMed, NDSL, KMBASE, Koreantk, OASIS, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases, with no language restriction. We assessed risk of bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The random effects model was used to adjust for the heterogeneity of the included studies, and the effect sizes between two groups were reported as mean differences (MD) and risk ratios (RR). Results: Twelve RCTs were analyzed, with a total of 1788 participants; 824 participants were in the treatment group (i.e., acupuncture) and 964 were in the control group (sham acupuncture, western medicine, or waitlist). The meta-analysis results of 7 RCTs comparing the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture with that of sham acupuncture showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and the Change of Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS). The meta-analysis of 4 RCTs comparing the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture with western medicine showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in the RQLQ but not in the changes in effective rate (p>0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture can be an effective treatment for AR, but more studies are required to enhance the level of evidence and to confirm safety.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2021

정확한 보철물의 제작을 위해서는 악간 관계의 정확한 인기가 중요하다. 전통적 석고 모형을 이용한 교합기에의 모형 부착 뿐 아니라 최근 디지털 치의학의 발전으로 디지털 모형 부착방법의 정확도에 대한 고찰이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 Pubmed 검색을 이용하여 전통적 방법과 디지털을 이용한 모형 부착의 정확도에 대한 문헌 연구를 진행하였다. 전통적 교합인기재의 경우 폴리이써와 폴리비닐실록산 등의 탄성인기재가 변위량이 적었으며, 인기 기법에 따라 정확도의 차이가 관찰되었다. 모형 부착 과정에서 수직적 변위가 발생할 수 있으나 인기재 자체의 변화보다 모형을 교합기 상에 부착하는 과정 자체에서의 오차가 더 크게 나타난다고 보고되었다. 디지털 치의학의 발전으로 최근 많이 사용되고 있는 가상 모형 부착의 경우 좁은 범위에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않지만 가상 인상 채득의 범위가 커질수록 정확성이 다소 떨어지는 경향을 보이기 때문에 광범위한 수복에서는 이를 인지하고 임상에 적용해야 한다. 각 제조사별 스캐너의 종류와 이미지 처리 알고리즘, 소프트웨어 또한 가상 모형 부착의 정확도에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 이는 앞으로 충분히 발전 가능성을 보인다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.40.1-40.18
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the influence of different obturation techniques compared to cold lateral compaction on the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments. Materials and Methods: Systematic searches were performed for studies published up to May 17^th, 2022 in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Grey Literature Reports. Randomized clinical trials and nonrandomized (nonrandomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective) studies that evaluated the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments obturated with the cold lateral compaction (control) and other obturation techniques were included. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized trials (RoB 2) and nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) were used to evaluate the risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Results: Eleven studies (4 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), 4 prospective, and 3 retrospectives) were included. Two RCTs were classified as having some concerns risk of bias and 2 as a low risk of bias. Two nonrandomized studies were classified as having a critical risk of bias and 5 as having a moderate risk of bias. The GRADE analysis demonstrated a very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Conclusions: This systematic review generally evidenced no differences in the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments when the cold lateral compaction technique and other obturation techniques are performed. Further well-designed studies are still necessary.