• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.429-433
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• 1999

$\beta$-Glucosidaes from Cellvibrio gilvus(CG) was successfully overproduced in soluble form in E. coli with the coexpression of GroEL/ES/. Without the GroEL/ES protein, the $\beta$-glucosidase overexpressed in E. coli constituted a huge amount(80%) of total cellular protein, but was localized in the insoluble fraction, and little activity was detected in the soluble fraction. Coexpression of the E. coli GroEL/ES had a drastic impact on the proper folding of the $\beta$-glucosidase; 20% of the overexpressed enzyme was recovered in the soluble fraction in active form. Similar effects of GroEL/ES were also observed on the overexpressed $\beta$-glucosidase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens(AT). And pET28(a)-RGRAR, partially deleted mutant lacking 5-amino acid residues at carboxy teminus also could be folded into an active form when expressed with the molecular chaperonin GroEL/ES, and its activity was higher than that of the without GroEL/ES system, In addition, the synergistic effect of GroEL/ES and the low induction temperature were important factors for solubilization of the inclusion body from overproduced $\beta$-glucosidases.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2019

PURPOSE. To evaluate the polishing effect on roughness and color change of pressed and layering ceramics after immersion in coffee solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 88 ceramic discs ($1.0mm{\times}10.0mm$) were manufactured - 44 nano-fluorapatite layering ceramics (IPS e.max Ceram. Group C) and 44 pressed lithium disilicate ceramic discs (IPS e. max Press - Group P). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups according to surface treatments: (G) Glaze, (S) Shofu polishing system (Shofu Inc.), (E) Edenta AG polishing System, (KG) $30-{\mu}m$ diamond granulation tip. Surface roughness (Ra) and color change (${\Delta}E$) measurings after the surface treatments were performed, before and 12 days after the immersion in coffee solution. A samples' qualitative analysis was conducted with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were statistically-treated with one-way-ANOVA and Duncan's tests, apart from paired t-test and Pearson's correlation test (${\alpha}=5%$). RESULTS. The decrescent order, both for surface roughness (Ra) and ${\Delta}E$ for both ceramics were: KG > E > S > G (P<.05). With exception for PG and CG subgroups, which did not present statistical difference between them, all other pressed ceramics subgroups presented smaller Ra values and greater ${\Delta}E$ values than the layering ceramics subgroups (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Although mechanical polishing systems presented intermediate Ra values, their colors were considered clinically acceptable. There is a strong correlation between the surface roughness and the color change of tested ceramics.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin B (pantothenic acid, folic acid, and myo-inositol) that was supplemented to embryo culture medium on in vitro development of parthenogenetically activated (PA) pig embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes derived from slaughtered ovaries were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones (hCG and eCG) for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-free medium for an additional 22 h. After maturation culture, metaphase II oocytes that extruded 1st polar body were electrically activated and treated with $5.0\;{\mu}g/ml$ cytochalasin B for 4 h. Then, PA embryos were cultured for 7 days in a modified NCSU-23 that was supplemented with pantothenic acid, myo-inositol, or folic acid at different concentrations ($3{\sim}300\;{\mu}M$) according to the experimental design. Myo-inositol added to culture medium did not show any beneficial or inhibitory effects on embryo cleavage and blastocyst formation. However, $300\;{\mu}M$ pantothenic acid significantly inhibited blastocyst formation compared to control (no addition) (24% vs. 36%, p<0.05). Folic acid ($300\;{\mu}M$) significantly (p<0.05) increased blastocyst formation (56%) compared to control (41%). Our results demonstrated that in vitro development of PA embryos was significantly influenced by vitamin B and addition of $300\;{\mu}M$ folic acid to culture medium improved in vitro development of pig PA embryos.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of early mouse embryonic development in vitro by co-culture with bovine and porcine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC and POEC). The 2-cell embryos were collected from the oviducts of the superovulated and mated cultured in D-PBS /15% FCS at 48 hours after hCG injection. The in vitro developmental rate of blastocyst formation in the embryos were examined under the fllowing treatments; 1) TCM 199 added 15% HCS, 2) Ham's F-10 added 15% HCS, 3) MediCult IVF medium, 4) TCM 199 added 15% HCS + BOEC, 5) TCM 199 added 15% HCS + POEC, 6) Ham's F40 added 15% HCS + BOEC, 7) Ham's F-10 added 15% HCS + POEC,8) MediCult IVF medium + BOEC, 9) MediCult IVF medium + POEC. For a comparative study of in vitro development for 96 hours after hCG injection, were cultured with oviductal epithelial cell and media only. The obtained results were 2-cell embryos developed to the blastocyst stage in TCM 199, Ham's F-10 and MediCult IVF medium at the rates of 84.4,83.2 and 81.6%. respectively. The higher developmental rates(91~97%) of blastocyst formation was appeared when the embryos were co-cultured with a monolayer of bovine or porcine oviductal epithelial cells in TCM 199 or Ham's F-10 and MediCult IVF media. No significant difference in developmental rates was shown between bovine and porcine oviductal epithelial cells but significant difference in co-culture system in comparison between media only system and co-cultures. In conclusions, oviductal epithelial cells, BOEC and POEC, when co-culture with mouse early embryos improved the rates of development, blastocyst and hatching. Therefore, it is suggested that co-culture system using oviductal epithelial cells improve early embryonic developtnent in mouse.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 1989

본 연구는 생식주기중 폐쇄여포액내에서 생물학적， 면역학적 특성을 나타내는 GTH 의 변화를 조사하고 steroid hormone과의 상관관계를 조사하며 국부조절인자로서 의 GTH의 역 활을 조사하고자 하였다. 가임기간중 215개의 여포와 IVF과정에서 185개의 여포를 얻어 여포액내 GTH의 생물학적 또는 면역학적 활성을 측정하였다. Bioactive LH(bLH)는 생쥐의 Leydig cell-testosterone production assay, bFSH는 흰쥐의 Sertoli cell aromatase assay로 측정 하였 다. Immunological GTH(iLH , iFSH) 는 MaiaClone RIA , Delfia kits를 사용하였다. 여포액내 iLH, iFSH , ihCG 는 hyperstimulation에 의해 형성된 여포의 크기와는 무관하였다. 또 hMG, huFSH 의 처리와도 상관성이 없었다. T의 농도가 높은 여포액내의 iFSH는 현저히 낮았으며 E, P 가 고농도인 여포의 ihCG 양은 현저히 낮았다. 과배란이 유도된 난소의 여포액내 iLH는 LH specific RIA로 측정시 3mIU/ml 이하이었다. 생식주기중 여포액내 bLH, bFSH는 배란기에 현저히 증가 하였다. 혈청내 GTH B/I ratio는 엘정한 반면 여포액내 LH，FSH의 생물학적， 면역학적 활성은 미수정란을 가지거나 폐쇄된 여포내의 활성보다 현저하게 높았다. 위의 결과로 보아 여포액내 생식소자극호르온은 면역학적활성보다 높은 생물학적 활성을 가지며， 생리적 현상의 지표가 된다고 추론된다. 또한 steroid, bGTH는 여포의 선택， 폐쇄를 구분하는 지표로 사용가능하며， 여포가 폐쇄될때 여포액내 B/I ratio가 현저히 낮아지는 것으로 보아 GTH의 활성이 감소되는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 한국프로야구 변천사를 야구 통계량들을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 분석방법으로는 1982년부터 2013년까지의 한국프로야구 데이터를 이용하여 야구 통계량들의 시계열 그래프와 상관계수를 이용하였다. 그 결과 유의수준 1%에서 연도와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보인 통계량은 2루타, 타점, 4구, 삼진, 병살타, 사구, 출루율, OPS, 방어율, 폭투, WHIP이고, 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보인 통계량은 3루타, 도루자, 실책, 완투, 완봉, 보크였다. 상관계수가 유의한 야구통계량의 예측을 위해서는 Box-Jenkins의 ARIMA 모형을 이용하였다. 결론적으로 세월의 흐름과 가장 상관이 큰 것은 완투 횟수의 감소이며, 그 다음으로 삼진 개수의 증가를 들 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1991

To investigate the factors that affect the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes, 44 patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) with FSH/hMG/hCG regimen for IVF - ET were analyzed. During follicular phase, serum LH levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and bioassay. Based on the mean follicular immunoactive LH(i-LH) and bioactive LH(b-LH) levels, patients were divided into 3 groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in basal serum FSH levels on menstrual cycle day 3, serum estradiol($E_2$) and progesterone ($P_4$) levels on the day of hCG administration, and the numbers of follicles aspirated and oocytes retrieved among groups. In relation to the mean follicular i-LH levels, the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes did not show a significant difference among groups. However, in groups with higher mean follicular b-LH levels, the fertilization and cleavage rates were reduced significantly. During late follicular phase, day-to-day variance in b-LH levels was not significant, but there was a significant difference among groups. There was no significant correlation between serum P. and b-LH levels. These data suggest that the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes are adversely affected by the raised mean follicular b-LH levels, and monitoring of serum b-LH levels is more useful in COH when compared with i-LH. It appears that the reduced rates are not due to the attenuated endogenous LH surge.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2012

For horse breeders or managers, it is critical to understand the estrous cycle of mares. Breeding of mares cannot be successfully achieved throughout the whole year as mares breed seasonally. Mares are only able to breed when day length is more than 16 h, and this period is known as the breeding season. Their estrous cycle is approximately 21 days with 5-7 days of estrus and 14 to 15 days of a diestrus period. The estrous cycle of the mare is mainly controlled by gonadotropins, which control follicular development and ovulation. Mares exhibit unique ovulatory events which are not observed in other species. A LH surge occurs for several days, with levels of LH reaching their peak after ovulation. The LH level at the time of LH peak is lower than most other species. The unique anatomical structure of the ovaries of mares is known to limit the number of eggs ovulated. Several attempts have been made to develop chemical/hormonal agents which might be used to manipulate the timed ovulation of mares. Agents that have been tested include hCG, native GnRH, Deslorelin (Ovuplant, GnRH-agonist), Buserelin (GnRH analogue), equine pituitary extracts and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG or PMSG). However, the function, purity or stability of these agents is not reliable. Recombinant equine LH, an alternative agent for the timed ovulation, has been developed and tested for its biological activities, through the use of both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The reLH was suggested to be a reliable agent in inducing ovulation within 48 h after being administered through injection, when the size of dominant follicle is 35 mm in diameter.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.277-282
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• 1996

Serum inhibin concentrations, determimed by radioimmunoassay, were measured in women undergoing pituitary suppression with Decapeptyl and subsequently ovarian stimulation with Highly Purified-Metrodin(HP-FSH) to appraise follicular development. Early follicular basal serum inhibin level correlated with the number of oocytes retrieved(r=0.89, n=8, p<0.05). The number of oocytes retrieved showed a significant correlation with serum inhibin level on the day of hCG administration(r=0.73, n=8, p<0.05). The number of mature oocytes showed a significant correlation with serum inhibin level on the day of hCG administration(r=0.73, n=8, p<0.05). These data suggest that: (1) In the early follicular phase, basal serum inhibin may be a valid index to predict ensuing follicular growth : (2) In the preovulatory phase, maximum serum inhibin may be one of the indexes of follicular development during hyperstimulation cycles.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2017

본 연구는 골관절염을 앓고 있는 여성을 대상으로 24주간의 수동적 수중재활운동을 통하여 효율적인 골관절염 예방 재활 프로그램 및 운동처방의 양식에 지침을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상자는 K 정형외과 전문의에게 골관절염이라는 진단 받고 골관절염으로 인한 통증으로 병원을 3회 이상 내원한 자 중 실험군은 수동적 수중재활 운동집단(CG, n=10)과 비교군(AREG, n=10)으로 선정하였다. 연구결과 집단 내 좌우 어깨 높이(shoulder height) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 집단 내 좌우 견갑골 하각 무늬의(sacpula patterns inferior) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 집단 내 좌우 골반 하각 무늬의(pelvis patterns inferior) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001).