• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2019

Purpose - Although an extensive body of research in psychology and marketing focuses on perceived waiting time, no research has examined the effect of the location of the waiting place on perceived waiting time. In particular, this study suggests that customers who are waiting in a restaurant may have different perceived waiting time depending on whether they are in close proximity to the service area (e.g., dining area) or farther from it. In particular, the author examines how and why the location of the waiting place affects the perceived waiting time of the consumer and reveals the mental simulation as its psychological mechanism. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted field surveys with customers waiting in real restaurants. Eighty-eight people participated under two conditions: a restaurant with a waiting place near the dining area and a restaurant with a waiting place far from the dining area. Participants responded to questions about perceived waiting time (the dependent variable), mental simulation (the mediator), and demographic variables. To verify the hypothesis, ANOVA and bootstrapping analysis were performed. Results - The major results from the field study are as follows. First, participants perceived wait time differently depending on the location of the restaurant's waiting place: participants in the restaurant with a waiting place close to the dining area perceived significantly shorter waiting times. Second, the effect of the location of the waiting place on the perceived waiting time was mediated by mental simulation: the closer the wait location is to the dining area, the more imagination the customer exercises about the meal, which in turn distracts attention from time flow and shortens the perceived wait time. Conclusion - This study has a theoretical implication in that it extends research on perceived waiting time as the first study of how and why the location of a waiting place affects a customer's perceived waiting time. It has a practical implication that can be used as a marketing tactics to improve the image of the service provider by changing the location of the waiting place.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2018

Purpose - Based on preceding studies, this thesis focuses on the finding of the definition and category of mobile tourism application and deriving out its characteristics. And after looking for how they make influences on continuous intention to use, we make empirical study with TAM model. Research design, data, and methodology - There are many Chinese tourist who visit Korea with user's constant intention to use of tourism application. This study is to find out the definition and category of mobile tourism application through research of preceding study and to fomulate the research model and hypothesis that how tourism application attributes (convenience, interaction, accessibility, local basis, security) affect constant intention to use of mobile tourism application. In order to verify a hypothesis, we conducted a survey for Chinese users of tourism application. In empirical study, we analyzed a structure model for frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, validity analysis through IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 21.0 Results - Among tourism applications, convenience, interaction, accessibility and local basis have positive effects on both perceived usefulness and perceived easiness respectively. But security does not. Also perceived easiness has a positive effect on perceived usefulness. Finally, perceived usefulness and perceived easiness have positive effect on constant intent to use. Conclusions - Tourism application enterprises should put emphasis on design such as menu or function in order to simplify the operation of new services for new customers. Therefore, comfortable user interface and development of useful function can improve tourism application. Consequently, it leads to the promotion of tourism application. Also, when users perceive tourism application as a useful media which is easy, comfortable and useful content, the degree of constant intention to use becomes increased. It is important to provide plentiful and useful contents for customers and to develop user interface such as easy operation because these factors have positive effects on constant demand and use of tourism application.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the CSR activities of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry in South Korea. Since previous research on CSR activities has considerably focused on large enterprises whereas small enterprises have relatively less attention, this study aims to explore the characteristics of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry and their CSR activities. Research design, data, and methodology - The population of interest for this study was social enterprises registered in Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency (2016), and it was used to verify the social enterprises which has a certification for social enterprises. From 1672 companies in total, the sampling frame was a database with 117 companies in hospitality and tourism industry. This study investigates social enterprises' CSR activities on the company's official websites (e.g., company reports, magazines, the news articles, and interviews). The websites of the selected enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry were analyzed for examining CSR activities by the quantitative content analysis. All of the CSR activities in small social enterprises were classified into six dimensions based on the stakeholder theory. Results - The findings of this study provide the characteristics of the 117 small social enterprises and their specific CSR initiatives. A total of eight main business lines were identified: 1) fair travel, 2) leisure/sports, 3) accommodation/camping, 4) medical tourism, 5) exhibitions/art events/cultural events, 6) leisure activities for vulnerable social groups, 7) Korean traditional culture, and 8) ecotourism/agricultural tourism. The CSR initiatives were classified into six dimensions: 1) environment, 2) employment, 3) multicultural families and vulnerable social groups, 4) local community, 5) economic prosperity, and 6) product. Conclusions - This study revealed the special CSR initiative examples of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry. Small social enterprises participate in CSR activities mainly related to their own business lines. Moreover, these enterprises are more closely embedded in their local community development, job creation and education for local residents and vulnerable social groups, and traditional heritage preservation. The findings of this study provide theoretical and practical implications and they can contribute to enrich CSR with literature for small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.207-234
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• 2023

4차 산업혁명이 등장한 이래로 산업 분야를 비롯한 다양한 분야에서 관련 연구들이 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 4차 산업혁명에 대한 국내의 연구 동향을 분석하기 위하여 2016년 1월부터 2023년 8월까지 KCI에 수록된 2,115건의 논문을 대상으로 핵심어 분석 및 LDA 알고리즘에 기반한 토픽모델링 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 첫째, 4차 산업혁명 관련 학술 논문이 많이 게재된 학술지는 디지털융복합연구, 인문사회 21, e-비즈니스연구, 학습자중심교과교육연구 등의 순이었다. 둘째, 토픽모델링 분석 결과, '인간과 인공지능', '데이터와 개인정보 관리', '교육과정의 변화', '기업의 변화와 혁신', '교육의 변화와 일자리', '문화예술과 콘텐츠', '정보와 기업의 정책과 대응'의 7개 토픽이 선정되었다. 셋째, 4차 산업혁명과 관련한 공통 연구주제는 '교육과정의 변화', '인간과 인공지능', '문화예술과 콘텐츠'이며, 공통 키워드는 '기업', '정보', '보호', '스마트', '시스템' 등이 있다. 넷째, 연구 전반기(2016-2019)에는 교육 분야의 주제가 상위에 등장했으나 후반기(2020-2023)에는 기업과 스마트, 디지털, 서비스 혁신에 관한 주제들이 상위로 나타났다. 다섯째, 연구 후반기로 가면서 연구 주제들이 보다 구체화되거나 세분화되는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 동향은 코로나 팬데믹 이후 4차 산업혁명 분야의 핵심 기술들이 다양한 산업 분야에 활용됨에 따라 발생하는 사회경제적 변화에 따른 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구의 결과는 4차 산업혁명 분야의 연구 동향 파악과 전략 수립 및 후속 연구에 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2013

우리나라는 상용 및 연구용 원자로 수출, 그리고 국내 원자력 발전소의 추가 건설로 인하여 원자력 분야 전문 인력의 수요가 급증하고 있다. 이에 따라 원자력 인력 양성이 중요한 현안으로 대두되고 있다. 원자력 관련 주요 기관은 교육에 대한 절차와 자원들이 체계적으로 갖추어져 있지만 중소기업은 규모가 영세한 여건 때문에 교육이 어려울 수밖에 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 '교육의 체계적인 접근법(Systematic Approach to Training: SAT)'을 도입하여 교육과정을 개발하고자 하였다. 이에 따라 중소기업을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였으며 그 결과를 바탕으로 방사선 분야 교육과정으로서 '방사선 기초 시범 교육'을 개발하고 운영한 결과를 요약하였다. '방사선 기초 시범 교육'은 기대감, 만족도, 강사 역량 등에서 4.0 (5.0 만점 기준) 이상의 높은 교육 참여자 평가 결과를 나타냈다. 수요 분석에 기반을 둔 '방사선 기초 시범 교육' 과정 개발 경험은 향후 수요 분석에서 나타난 원자력 발전 분야 및 ASME code 등의 교육과정 개발에 활용될 것이다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.105-130
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• 2008

Consumers of e-learning market differ from those of other markets in that they are replaced in a specific time scale. For example, e-learning contents aimed at highschool senior students cannot be consumed by a specific consumer over the designated period of time. Hence e-learning service providers need to attract new groups of students every year. Due to lack of information on products designed for continuously emerging consumers, the consumers face difficulties in making rational decisions in a short time period. Increased uncertainty of product purchase leads customers to herding behaviors to obtain information of the product from others and imitate them. Taking into consideration of these features of e-learning market, this study will focus on the online herding behavior in purchasing e-learning contents. There is no definite concept for e-learning. However, it is being discussed in a wide range of perspectives from educational engineering to management to e-business etc. Based upon the existing studies, we identify two main view-points regarding e-learning. The first defines e-learning as a concept that includes existing terminologies, such as CBT (Computer Based Training), WBT (Web Based Training), and IBT (Internet Based Training). In this view, e-learning utilizes IT in order to support professors and a part of or entire education systems. In the second perspective, e-learning is defined as the usage of Internet technology to deliver diverse intelligence and achievement enhancing solutions. In other words, only the educations that are done through the Internet and network can be classified as e-learning. We take the second definition of e-learning for our working definition. The main goal of this study is to investigate what factors affect consumer intention to purchase e-learning contents and to identify the differential impact of the factors between consumers with purchase experience and those without the experience. To accomplish the goal of this study, it focuses on herding behavior and perceived usefulness as antecedents to behavioral intention. The proposed research model in the study extends the Technology Acceptance Model by adding herding behavior and usability to take into account the unique characteristics of e-learning content market and e-learning systems use, respectively. The current study also includes consumer experience with e-learning content purchase because the previous experience is believed to affect purchasing intention when consumers buy experience goods or services. Previous studies on e-learning did not consider the characteristics of e-learning contents market and the differential impact of consumer experience on the relationship between the antecedents and behavioral intention, which is the target of this study. This study employs a survey method to empirically test the proposed research model. A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to 629 informants. 528 responses were collected, which consist of potential customer group (n = 133) and experienced customer group (n = 395). The data were analyzed using PLS method, a structural equation modeling method. Overall, both herding behavior and perceived usefulness influence consumer intention to purchase e-learning contents. In detail, in the case of potential customer group, herding behavior has stronger effect on purchase intention than does perceived usefulness. However, in the case of shopping-experienced customer group, perceived usefulness has stronger effect than does herding behavior. In sum, the results of the analysis show that with regard to purchasing experience, perceived usefulness and herding behavior had differential effects upon the purchase of e-learning contents. As a follow-up analysis, the interaction effects of the number of purchase transaction and herding behavior/perceived usefulness on purchase intention were investigated. The results show that there are no interaction effects. This study contributes to the literature in a couple of ways. From a theoretical perspective, this study examined and showed evidence that the characteristics of e-learning market such as continuous renewal of consumers and thus high uncertainty and individual experiences are important factors to be considered when the purchase intention of e-learning content is studied. This study can be used as a basis for future studies on e-learning success. From a practical perspective, this study provides several important implications on what types of marketing strategies e-learning companies need to build. The bottom lines of these strategies include target group attraction, word-of-mouth management, enhancement of web site usability quality, etc. The limitations of this study are also discussed for future studies.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2010

This study aims at investigating the linguistic and educational factors affecting TOEFL scores, focusing on three OECD countries, Korea, Japan, and Finland. The data comprise document analysis on curriculums, websites, and literature. The findings reveal that the number of Korean test-takers and their TOEFL scores gradually increased year by year. Finnish test-takers consistently gained greatly high scores, and Japanese examinees showed the lowest scores. The languages Korean, Japanese, and Finnish are all far distant from English and receive little support on historical grounds from the Indo-European family tree. In Finland, however, Swedish which belongs to Indo-European languages is still used as an official language with Finnish. Korea and Finland adopt English education from Year 3 in primary school, whereas English is not an official subject in primary school at present in Japan. Finnish students are taught a foreign language in addition to English from primary school. These seem to support the result of the high TOEFL scores of Finnish test-takers. This study concludes that social context which includes linguistic and educational environments are the main factors which affect TOEFL scores.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 2005년도 e-Biz World Conference 2005
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• pp.130-134
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• 2005

This research describes the comparison broker's role and its effectiveness measurement using a developed logical framework of comparison shopping service. And verifies that seller-led comparison challenge method provide comparison information of products to buyers more efficiently. In electronic commerce, buyer's satisfaction of purchase (S) can be defined as an interactive function between seller's competitiveness vector (P) of products that supplied to the market, and buyer's informed level vector (B) of products that is known from a lot of sources. Then the buyer's informed level can be changed through the information analysis among products by transformation process using comparison matrix (C). So the role of comparison shopping is to construct a comparison matrix and to serve it to the buyers, and to change the buyer's informed level. The changed informed level influences a buyer's satisfaction, that improved satisfaction of purchase is defined as the effectiveness of comparison shopping. As a perfect provision and usage of comparison matrix is impossible cause of cognitive limit, the most efficient method for improving the comparison effectiveness is the comparison challenge that detects the comparison elements of the largest buyer's information efficiency, and then to be compared between elementary products selectively. This research verifies the substantial superiority of comparison challenge through television market data experiments.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

본 연구는 군중지혜효과가 사회 현상에 따라 달라질 수 있다는 것에 대한 논의를 했다. 본 연구의 배경에는 2010년도에 발생한 타블로 사건에 대해 사회 현상학적으로 이해를 하고자 하는 측면에서 연구되었다. 군중지혜효과 측면에서 소셜미디어가 주는 영향성을 평가하기 위해 50명의 대학생 참가자들을 통해 실험을 하였다. 본연구를 통해 발견한 사실은 미디어에 적게 노출된 정보에 대해서는 군중의 지혜효과를 확인 할 수 있었으나 미디어에 많이 노출된 정보는 집단에서 발생하는 군중의 지혜효과를 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 교육정책과 사회학적 현상에 대한 연구에 많은 영향을 제공 할 것이다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

본 연구의 주된 목적은 누가 행복한 직장인인지를 파악하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 성별, 연령대, 결혼여부, 자녀수, 종교, 학력, 직급, 직업, 소득 등과 같은 인구통계적 요인, 외향성, 신경증적 예민함, 긍정신념과 같은 심리분석적 요인 그리고 행복 수준으로 구성된 이론모형을 제안하였고 분석하였다. 주요 분석 결과는 첫째, 인구통계적 요인과 심리분석적 요인 모두 직장인의 행복 수준에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 자녀수, 신경증적 예민함, 긍정신념은 직장인의 행복을 예측하는 주요 요인인 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 직장인의 행복 수준을 증진시킬 수 있는 요인들을 실증했다는 점에서 시사점이 있다.