• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2015

Sweet cherry is an important fruit crop with increasing economical value in Turkey and the world. A number of viruses cause diseases and economical losses in sweet cherry. Prune dwarf virus (PDV), is one of the most common viruses of stone fruits including sweet cherry in the world. In this study, PDV was detected from 316 of 521 sweet cherry samples collected from 142 orchards in 10 districts of Isparta province of Turkey by double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The presence of PDV in ELISA positive samples was confirmed in 37 isolates by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. A genomic region of 862 bp containing the coat protein (CP) gene of PDV was re-amplified from 21 selected isolates by RT-PCR. Amplified DNA fragments of these isolates were purified and sequenced for molecular characterization and determining genetic diversity of PDV. Sequence comparisons showed 84-99% to 81-100% sequence identity at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively, of the CP genes of PDV isolates from Isparta and other parts of the world. Phylogenetic analyses of the CP genes of PDV isolates from different geographical origins and diverse hosts revealed that PDV isolates formed different phylogenetic groups. While isolates were not grouped solely based on their geographical origins or hosts, some association between phylogenetic groups and geographical origins or hosts were observed.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.57-71
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• 2006

We investigated the structural parameters of a sample of 30 dwarf galaxies(15 dEs and 15 dS0s) in the Virgo Cluster using i-band images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4. Among 28 galaxies for which surface brightness profiles were derived from ellipse fittings, 23 galaxies had a single component that was adequately described by a generalized $S\acute{e}rsic$ function with a shape parameter ranging from n=0.5 to 2, while 5 galaxies(2 dEs and 3 dS0s) had bulge and disk components that were fitted by a generalized $S\acute{e}rsic$ function and an exponential function, respectively. Since the majority of dwarf galaxies in the present sample had a single component, it seems likely that genuine dS0 galaxies that have disk and bulge components are quite rare in the Virgo Cluster. The similarity in structural parameters of genuine dS0 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster with those of Magellanic-type galaxies implies that the progenitors of dwarf lenticular galaxies in the Virgo Cluster were most likely Magellanic-type galaxies if dS0s are harassed late-type spirals.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2002

The colchicine drop treatment is done on the growthpoint of the Sangilppong, which is the leading mulberry variety for mulberry dwarf resistance. So the breeding of the Sawonppong 27, that is tetraproidy, is succeeded and the chracteristics of this is as follows. The chromosome number of it is 2n=56, tetraproidy. The spring sprouting stage is midseason mulberry variety, and the leaf has a broad width shape that the oval leaf and the 3 lobed leaf exist simultaneously, The thickness of leaf is thick, the branch length and internorde length are short. The nonbudding of basal part does not exist and the cold hardness of this is stronger than the Sangilppong.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.59.4-60
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• 2018

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) are an unusual galaxy population. They are ghostlike galaxies with fainter surface brightness than normal dwarf galaxies, but they are as large as MW-like galaxies. The key question on UDGs is whether they are 'failed' giant galaxies or 'extended' dwarf galaxies. To answer this question, we study UDGs in massive galaxy clusters. We find an amount of UDGs in deep HST images of three Hubble Frontier Fields clusters, Abell 2744 (z=0.308), Abell S1063 (z=0.347), and Abell 370 (z=0.374). These clusters are the farthest and most massive galaxy clusters in which UDGs have been discovered until now. The color-magnitude relations show that most UDGs have old stellar population with red colors, while a few of them show bluer colors implying the existence of young stars. The stellar masses of UDGs show that they have less massive stellar components than the bright red sequence galaxies. The radial number density profiles of UDGs exhibit a drop in the central region of clusters, suggesting some of them were disrupted by strong gravitational potential. Their spatial distributions are not homogeneous, which implies UDGs are not virialized enough in the clusters. With virial masses of UDGs estimated from the fundamental manifold, most UDGs have M_200 = 10^10 - 10^11 M_Sun indicating that they are dwarf galaxies. However, a few of UDGs more massive than 10^11 M_Sun indicate that they are close to failed giant galaxies.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2022

A survey of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) was conducted in major oat-growing areas of Korea in 2020. BYDV is an economically important pathogen of cereal crops that can be transmitted by aphids. The present study evaluated the genetic composition of BYDV in oat from eight geographical areas in Korea. Multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to screen 322 oat leaf samples for six BYDV strains (PAV, MAV, SGV, PAS, RPV, and RMV). The 125 samples (~39%) tested positive for BYDV. BYDV-PAV, BYDV-SGV, BYDV-PAS, and BYDV-RPV were detected from oat in different areas. Most of the BYDV-infected samples were assigned to subgroup I (n=112). The results indicate that BYDV-PAV could be dominant throughout Korea. Also, the phylogenetic analysis of coat protein sequences indicated that 23 BYDV isolates from Korea could be separated into two clades, which exhibited high nucleotide sequence similarity. In conclusion, the present survey provides a BYDV infection assessment for domestic oat varieties in Korea and basic information for the development of BYDV control measures in Korea's oat industry.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.408-413
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• 2024

The emergence of rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) poses a significant threat to global cereal crop cultivation, necessitating the urgent development of reliable detection and quantification techniques. This study introduces a reliable approach for the precise and sensitive quantification of the RBSDV in cereal crop samples, employing a reverse transcription digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-dPCR) assay. We assessed the specificity and sensitivity of the RT-dPCR assay proposed for precise RBSDV detection and quantification. Our findings demonstrate that RT-dPCR was specific for detection of RBSDV, with no cross-reactivity observed with other viruses infecting cereal crops. The RT-dPCR sensitivity was over 10 times that of RT-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The detection limit of RT-dPCR was 0.096 copies/㎕. In addition, evaluation of RT-dPCR assay with field samples was conducted on 60 different cereal crop samples revealed that RT-dPCR (45/60) exhibited superior accuracy compared with RT-qPCR (23/60). In this study, we present a specific and accurate RT-dPCR assay for the detection and quantification of RBSDV.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 1990

In order to determine the relationship between dwarf gene and GA$_3$ response, three dwarf cultivars, Fukei 71, Seolak, and Tanginbozu, which were known to have d 50, d 47 and d 35 gene, respectively, were used as parents in this study. Three parents and their F$_1$ and F$_2$ generations were grown. Tillers of each plant were devided into two parts at 15 days after transplanting and was transplanted. One part of them was sprayed with GA$_3$ 50 ppm at booting stage. The internode length were measured at ripening stage in terms of GA$_3$ response. The internode was significantly elongated in Seolak and Tanginbozu, but not in Fukei 71. All F$_1$ plants of the crosses were tall, and their internode and culm were significantly elongated with the spraying of GA$_3$. Dwarf plants which are not responded to GA$_3$ were selected in the F$_2$'s of Seolak/Fukei 71 and Fukei 71/Tanginbozu crosses, and backcrossed to Fukei 71. All of these BC$_1$F$_1$ plants were uniform in the culm length and not responded to GA$_3$ treatment. The dwarf gene, d 50 of Fukei 71 seems to be closely associated with the facter of non-response to GA$_3$.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2017

The sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) variety 'Sodamchal' was developed and registered by Department of Sothern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2013. This variety was developed from the cross between 'Hwanggeumchal' with brown grain and 'Jungmo4001' with semi-dwarf trait. 'Sodamchal' is the first semi-dwarf stature with waxy endosperm ever developed in Korea. The yield performance of 'Sodamchal' was 2.95 MT/ha in local adaptability test for 2 years. It had 91 cm culm length, which was 58 cm shorter than that of 'Hwanggeumchal', 26.3 cm panicle length, 22.0 mm thickness of culm, 21.1 g in 1,000 grain weight. It could be reduce the lodging problem and also adapted to mechanized cultivation. 'Sodamchal' produces high quantities of polyphenol and radical scavenging activitiy with diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) in pigmented testa. Above all 'Sodamchal' is suitable for use as a parental source for the development of improved pollinator parent lines for developing semi-dwarf sorghum with waxy endosperm and antioxidant activity. (Variety registration No. 6244)

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.48-49
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• 1999

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.82.2-82.2
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• 2005