• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.148-154
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• 1992

With nonhardening fixer, dichromated bleacher and alcohol drying, the diffraction efficiency of over 71o/c has been achie'{ed for holographic phase gratings in silver halide emulsion. The swollen emulsion of Agfa 8E75 HD film is identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) after chemical processing. Dichromated bleacher and rapid dehydration using alcohol drying make a strong modulation so that diffraction efficiency is. increased over 20%. The principal characteristic parameters in coupled wave theory are investigated and new modified parameter values are presented by computer simulation. Controlling the emulsion thickness has an important role as a potential source for high diffraction efficiency.ciency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.848-852
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• 2011

The aim of our study was to develop drying process of apple slice. Quality characteristics of apple slices dried by hot-air and freeze drying after osmotic dehydration was investigated in different sucrose solution (20, 40, $60^{\circ}Brix$) and steeping time (2, 4, 8 hours). The weight of apple slice before and after osmotic dehydration was measured for characteristic of mass transfer. Consequently, osmotic dehydration increases weight reduction, water loss and solid gain of apple slice as the concentration of the sucrose solution and steeping time increased. Moisture contents of apples slices dried hot-air and freeze were about 3 to 7%. Hunter color L, a, b value was lower than non-treatment to osmotic dehydration of apple slice. In hot-air drying, L value decreased as the concentration of the sucrose solution and steeping time increased. The hardness increased as the concentration of the sucrose solution and steeping time increased. Contents of monosaccharide (glucose, fructose) decrease by osmotic dehydration but sucrose increased. In comparison with hot-air drying, freeze drying was high in contents of free sugar.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.308-313
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• 1996

The appropriate drying method in medicinal compounds and color of peony root was that predrying at briquet fire $(40{\sim}60^{\circ}C)$ for 6 hours or more, and then hot air drying at $40^{\circ}C$ during 60 hours. But this method needs too much time in drying. And the method that drying at $40^{\sim}C$ with hot air drying has bad result in color. In case Peony was seld by cutting product, before cutting, the Peony root was retted for 30 min. and sealed for 12 hrs. is good for drying time, Peoniflorin content and commodity.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2018

The physical properties and unsaturated characteristics of acid sulfate soils were investigated and analyzed. As the results of measuring physical properties of the acid sulfate soils obtained around the Ilkwang mine area, the dry unit weight is $1.246t/m^3$ and this soil is classified into the silty sand (SM) by USCS. Soil Water Characteristics Curves (SWCC) of the drying and wetting paths were measured by the automated SWCC apparatus. Also, Hydraulic Conductivity Functions (HCF) of the drying and wetting paths were estimated by the van Geunchten (1980) model which is the most well-known parameter estimation method. The hydraulic conductivity of acid sulfate soils in the dry path was continuously decreased with increasing the matric suction. However, the hydraulic conductivity in the wetting path was decreased relatively small with increasing matric suction and decreased suddenly just before water entry value of matric suction. Meanwhile, the hysteresis phenomenon was occurred in SWCCs and HCFs during the drying and wetting paths.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.345-354
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• 2017

A mural was discovered in the Ssanggyesa temple located in Jindo island, during repair of the Daeungjeon Hall. A study was conducted to determine the binding medium used for preparing the mural. Pyrolysis/GC/MS and IR spectrometry were used to analyze a painting specimen. Direct approach and on-line methylation approach were attempted for the pyrolysis/GC/MS. In IR analysis, the spectra of the specimen were found to be different from those of Asian lacquer, yellow lacquer, animal glue, and acrylic emulsion resin. They were also not identical to the standard IR spectra of drying oils such as linseed oil. Pyrolysis/GC/MS results of the specimen were different from those of Asian lacquer, yellow lacquer, animal glue, and acrylic emulsion resin. In the mean time, palmitic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonanedioic acid, and octadecenoic acid, which are characteristic pyrolysis products of dried drying oil, were detected. In addition, the pyrolysis/GC/MS chromatograms of the specimen and dried drying oil were also very similar. Therefore, it was concluded that the painting was prepared using drying oil as a binding medium.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2024

In current slope stability analysis techniques, slope stability is evaluated based on the saturated-soil theory. However, soil-water characteristics change frequently depending on the climate. Therefore, because the saturated soil theory has limitations, the application of the unsaturated soil theory is necessary for slope stability. It is also important to evaluate the engineering properties of unsaturated soil because the capillary absorption capacity is reduced due to heavy rain, thereby causing a reduction in slope stability. In this study, soil-water characteristic tests were performed using four samples with different fine contents (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) using granite-weathered soil in domestic production areas. In particular, to consider the previously conducted drying process as well as the evaluation of stability due to heavy rain on the actual slope, a wetting process was conducted, in which the water content was increased. In addition, the van Genuchten (1980) model, which is the most consistent theoretical equation for the experiment, was used with various theoretical equations, and the parameters were analyzed according to the fine content of the granite-weathered soil for the drying and wetting processes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.106-111
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• 2012

Drying characteristic of high moisture coal using a 5 kg/hr bench scale flash dryer was investigated. Moisture content and heating value of raw coal as received basis were 29.74 wt% and 4,270 kcal/kg, respectively. Gas inlet temperature and gas inlet flow rate were $400{\sim}600^{\circ}C$ and 10~20 m/sec, respectively. The raw coal was ground and classified to the particle size range of $100{\sim}2,000{\mu}m$. The moisture removal rate of raw coal was dramatically increased with increasing gas inlet temperature and decreasing gas inlet flow rate. The heating value of dried coal was increased to 5,100~5,900 kcal/kg. To examine the chemical change on the surface of high moisture coal during flash drying process, FT-IR spectral analysis was carried out. As a result, major changes in hydroxyl, carboxyl and carbonyl peak was confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

The stability analysis of unsaturated infinite slope under rainfall-induced infiltration condition was performed using the generalized effective stress that unifies both saturated and unsaturated condition recently proposed by Lu and Likos(2004, 2006). The Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) of the sand with the relative density of 75% was first measured for both drying and wetting processes. The Hydraulic Conductivity Function (HCF) and Suction Stress Characteristic Curve (SSCC) were subsequently estimated. Also, under the rainfall-induced infiltration condition transient seepage analysis of unsaturated infinite slope was performed using the finite element program, SEEP/W. Based on these results, the stability of unsaturated infinite slope under rainfall-induced infiltration condition was examined considering the suction stress. According to the results, the negative pore water pressure and water content within the soil changed with time due to the infiltration. Also, the variation of those caused the variation of suction stress and then the factor of safety of slope changed consequently during the rainfall period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.287-294
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• 2003

UR 농산물 협상 이후 국내 농림수산물 및 가공식품 시장의 수입개방이 확대되어 생산 농어민이 직접적으로 큰 피해를 보고 있을 뿐만 아니라 국내 농산물을 원료로 사용하는 산지 가공업체도 경쟁력 학보에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 수입식품 중에서는 국내생산이 이루어지지 않아 수입이 불가피한 품목도 있고, 또한 국내의 기술수준이 뒤떨어지기 때문에 품질경쟁력에서 열위인 품목도 있지만 대다수 품목은 중국을 위시한 후발 개도국에서 낮은 기술과 저임 노동력을 이용하여 생산된 단순가공품으로서 이들 품목은 국내산에 비하여 가격은 낮지만 품질이 조악하고 안전성이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다. (중략)

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.205-216
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• 2003

A general review is made on Insamyangwitang(人蔘養胃湯). Following conclusions are drawn from the clinical cases of Insamyangwitang in Hyungsang medicine. 1. Insamyangwitang is composed of four different prescriptions of Huisaentang, Sakoonjatang, Eajintang and Pyungwisan. Huisaentang is usually prescribed for the intestinal convulsion. Sakoonjatang for the deficiency of Ki. Eajintang for retention of phlegm. 2. Insamyangwitang is effective in strengthening the spleen, drying the dampness, warning the middle-warmer to stop vomiting, regulating the flow of Ki, and eliminating phlegm. 3. Insamyangwitang is applicable to malaria caused by cold, intestinal convulsion, abdominal mass, edema, tympanites, Yin syndrome of exogenous febrile disease, distension, lack of appetite, stomachache, and diarrhea. 4. Persons with the following characteristic in Hyungsang are more susceptible to Insamyangwitang : Jung type, Hyul type, fish type, Taium meridian type, white fat damp constitution, person with big mouth, and woman rather than man.