• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.6 s.78
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• pp.79-93
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• 2005

The study investigated whether the characteristics of human figures in Kinetic Family Drawing showed significant differences according to the drawer's personality (neurosis, intellectual openness, friendliness, extroversion, sincerity). The participants of this study were 340 high-school girls. The Five Factors Personality Test was conducted to assess personality factors and the Kinetic Family Drawing Test was used to obtain data on drawing characteristics. The data were analyzed using Chi-square. The results of this study are as follows: First, there were significant differences in ten subcategories such as face, countenance, eyes, mouth, inclusion of body. hands, posture, erasure, exertion of pressure on the paper, and lines, according to the degree of neurosis. Second, there were significant differences in countenance, eyes, posture, exertion of pressure on the paper, and lines according to the degree of extroversion. Third, there were significant differences in face, countenance, eyes, and posture, according to the degree of openness. Fourth, there were significant differences in erasure and lines according to the degree of friendliness Fifth, there were significant differences in countenance and posture according to the degree of sincerity. This study proved that among the personality factors, neurosis is most highly related with characteristics of persons drawn in the Kinetic Family I)lawing, whereas countenance and posture in the drawing were highly indicative of personality factors.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.325-340
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• 2020

Early diagnosis and intervention of dementia is critical to minimize future risk and cost for patients and their families. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate Figure-Copy Test(FCT), as a new dementia screening test, that can measure neurological damage and cognitive impairment, and then to examine whether the grading precesses for screening can be automated through machine learning procedure by using FCT imag es. For this end, FCT, Korean version of MMSE for Dementia Screening (MMSE-DS) and Clock Drawing Test were administrated to a total of 270 participants from normal and damaged elderly groups. Results demonstrated that FCT scores showed high internal constancy and significant correlation coefficients with the other two test scores. Discriminant analyses showed that the accuracy of classification for the normal and damag ed g roups using FCT were 90.8% and 77.1%, respectively, and these were relatively higher than the other two tests. Importantly, we identified that the participants whose MMSE-DS scores were higher than the cutoff but showed lower scores in FCT were successfully screened out through clinical diagnosis. Finally, machine learning using the FCT image data showed an accuracy of 73.70%. In conclusion, our results suggest that FCT, a newly developed drawing test, can be easily implemented for efficient dementia screening.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.1 s.173
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• pp.87-93
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• 2000

Warm, forming technique which is one of the new forming technologies to improve formability of sheet metal is applied to the cylindrical cup drawing of stainless-aluminum. clad sheets. In experiments the temperature of die and blank holder is varied from room temperature to 18$0^{\circ}C$, while the punch is cooled by circulation of coolant to increase the fracture strength of workpiece on the punch corner area. Test materials chosen for experiments are STS304-A1050-STS304, STS304-A1050-STS430 clad sheets and A1050-0 aluminum sheet. Teflon film as a lubricant is used on both sides of a workpiece. The limit drawing ratio as well as quality of drawn cups(distribution of thickness and hardness)are investigated and validity of warm drawing process is also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.601-608
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of science activities using drawing on young children's scientific inquiry competences and scientific attitudes. The subjects of this research were a total of 40 young children at age 5 from two classes in G and C child care center which located in G city. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. The collected data were analyzed by t-test using SPSS program. The results of this study were as follow: First, experimental group which conducted the science activities using drawing showed significantly higher improvement in sub-factors of scientific inquiry competences, 'perseverance', 'creative', 'critical', and 'volunteering'. Second, experimental group which conducted the science activities using drawing showed significantly higher improvement in sub-factors of scientific attitudes, 'observing', 'measuring', and 'discussion'. Therefor, it might be concluded that science activities using drawing contributed to the development of scientific inquiry competences and scientific attitudes of young children.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.668-675
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• 2002

The circles deform into various shape during deformation, the major and minor axes of which indicate the direction of the major and minor principal strains. Likewise, the measured dimensions are used to determine the major and minor principal strain magnitudes. This circular grid technique of measuring strains can be used to diagnose the causes of necking and fracture in industrial practice and to investigate whether these defects were caused by material property variation, changes in lubrication, of incorrect press settings. In non-axisymmetric deep drawing, three modes of forming regimes are found: draw, stretch, plane strain. The stretch mode for non-axisymmetric deep drawing could be defined when the major and minor strains are positive. The draw mode could be defined when the major strain is positive and minor strain is negative, and plane strain mode could be defined when the major strain is positive and minor strain is zero. Through experiments the draw mode was shown on the wall and flange are one of a drawn cup, while the plane strain and the stretch mode were on the punch head and the punch corner area respectively, We observed that the punch load of elliptical deep drawing was decreased according to increase of die corner radius and the thickness deformation of minor side was more large than major side.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2014

In this paper, we present marker-less fingertip and brush tracking system with inexpensive web camera. Parallel computation using CUDA is applied to the tracking system. This tracking system can run on inexpensive environment such as a laptop or a desktop and support for real-time application. We also present realistic water-based sign pen drawing model and implementation. The realistic drawing application with our inexpensive real-time fingertip and brush tracking system shows us the art class of the future. The realistic drawing application, along with our inexpensive real-time fingertip and brush tracking system, would be utilized in test-bed for the future high-technology education environment.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.412-421
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• 2006

Recently, the needs for sharing and exchanging drawing information between 2D and 3D data in complex facilities are well recognized throughout the construction industries. The purpose of this study is to propose an information framework to represent 3D IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) -based drawing of building services in complex facilities as 2D drawing. In this study, 1) attributes of building service objects which are used in 3D CAD system are analyzed and present drawing standards are analyzed, 2) based on the analysis, an information framework is developed to represent 3D model in 2D representation, and 3) further more, to test a compatibility of the information sharing framework, number of standardized APIs and an IFC2Dbrowser are developed during the study.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was an investigation of the effects of the bridge exercise with the sensory feedback of combined abdominal drawing-in on transverse abdominal and balance in patients with stroke. Methods: Forty subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the bridge exercise group (BG, n = 20) or feedback drawing-in bridge exercise group (FDBG, n = 20) were studied for 30 minutes each, twice daily, for four weeks. Outcomes were measured using affected weight distribution (AWD), anterior limit of stability (ALOS), posterior limit of stability (PLOS), timed up-and-go test (TUG), the Berg balance scale (BBS), and transverse abdominis thickness (TRA) before and after the four-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects in the FDBG pre-intervention and post-intervention in AWD, ALOS, PLOS, TUG, BBS, and TRA. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the bridge exercise with sensory feedback combined with abdominal drawing-in could be beneficial for patients with stroke in terms of transverse abdominal and balance.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.367-375
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• 2006

This study investigated the effects of varying visuals in drawing and writing as methods to assist students in connecting and integrating multiple external representations provided in learning the particulate nature of matter. Seventh graders (N=233) at a coed middle school were assigned to control, static drawing (SO), dynamic drawing (DD), static writing (SW), and dynamic writing (DW) groups. The students were taught about "Boyle's Law" and "Charles's Law" for two class periods. Two-way ANCOVA results revealed that the scores of a conception test for the two drawing (SD, DD) groups and the two writing (SW, DW) groups were significantly higher than those for the control group. Within the writing groups, students of lower spatial visualization ability in the DW group scored significantly higher than those in the SW group. However, no significant differences were found in the scores of the conception test for the two drawing (SD, DD) groups regardless of students' visualization ability. Researchers also found that most students in both DD and DW groups had respectively positive perceptions of dynamic visuals in drawing or writing.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the experience of computer programming in Logo geometry advances the development of young children's concepts and/or representation of Euclidian spatial relations, particularly their concepts of the vertical-horizontal. Papert's claim of the positive effects of Logo programming experiences on young children's cognitive development was tested using the Piagetian Water Level Test (PWLT), the Free Hand Drawing Test (FHDT), and the Computer Drawing Test (CDT). Forty-four subjects were drawn from 2nd graders attending a public elementary school in Ithaca. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: a treatment group (TG) with Logo training for 10 weeks and a control group (CG) without Logo training. Our results showed that TG did not make any significant improvement on PWLT. In contrast, TG outperformed CG on FHDT. We suggested several possible explanations for this contradiction.