• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.110-118
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• 2010

Purpose: To develop outcome indicators of urinary incontinence to measure quality of care in long term care hospitals in Korea. Methods: The draft indicators of urinary incontinence were developed from a literature review and clinical expert panel. A survey of medical records of 280 patients in 20 hospitals was conducted to test inter-rater reliability. Statistical analysis was done to test risk adjustment criteria, variation between hospitals, and stability of indicators, using assessment data from 77,918 patients in 623 hospitals. Results: The inter-rater reliability of items was high (Kappa range: 0.66- 0.92). Severe cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR]: 3.15, confidence interval [CI]: 3.03-3.26) and total mobility activities of daily living (ADLs) dependency (OR: 4.85, CI: 4.72-4.98) increased the prevalence of urinary incontinence, thus they proved to be significant criteria to stratify high and low risk groups. The prevalence for low risk showed more substantial variation than the high risk group. The indicators were stable over one month. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of outcome indicators of urinary incontinence. Improving the reliability of the patient assessment tool and refining the indicators through validation study is a must for future study.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1977

The hydrodynamic forces acting on a forced oscillating 2-dimensional cylinder on a free surface of a fluid of a finite depth are calculated by distributing singularities on the immersed body surface. And the Haskind-Newman relation in a fluid of a finite depth is derived. The wave exciting force of the cylinder to an oscillation is also calculated by using the above relation. The method is applied to a circular cylinder swaying in a water of finite depth, and then, to a rectangular cylinder heaving, swaying, and rolling. The results of above cases give a good agreement with those by earlier investigators such as Bai, Keil, and Yeung. Also, this method is applied to a Lewis form cylinder with a half beam-to-draft ratio of 1.0 and a sectional area coefficient of 0.941, and to a bulbous section cylinder which is hard to represent by a mapping function. The results reveal that the hydrodynamic forces in heave increase as the depth of a water decrease, but in sway or roll, the tendency of the hydrodynamic forces is difficult to say in a few words. The exciting force to heave for a bulbous section cylinder becomes zero at two frequencies. The added mass moment of inertia for roll is seemed to mainly depend on the sectional shape than the water depth.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2014

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of wave run-ups on a semi-submersible offshore structure. A series of model tests with a 1:80 scale ratio were carried out in the two-dimensional wave basin of MOERI/KIOST. The experimental model had two columns and one pontoon. The model was fixed and wave elevations were measured at five points per column. Two different draft (operational & survival) conditions and three wave heights were considered under regular wave conditions. First, the nonlinear characteristics of wave run-ups are discussed by using the time series data. Then, the wave heights are compared with numerical results based on the potential flow model. The comparison shows fairly good correlation between the experiments and computations. Finally, wave run-ups under the operational and survival conditions are suggested.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2013

This paper is mainly concerned with the ship-bank interaction by model test. The experiments for the characteristics of hydrodynamic interaction forces and moments between vessel and bank with a mound were carried out in the seakeeping and maneuvering basin. A series of tests were carried out with ship model in parallel course along a vertical sidewall with a mound with varying lateral spacing between model ship and sidewall, length of sidewall and water depth. From the experimental results, it indicated that the hydrodynamic interaction effects increase as length of sidewall with a mound increases. Furthermore, for lateral spacing less than about 0.2L between vessel and bank, it can be concluded that the bank effects increase largely as the lateral spacing between vessel and bank decreases. However, for spacing between vessel and bank more than about 0.3L, the interaction effects increase slowly as lateral spacing decreases. Also, for the water depth to draft ratio(h/d) less than about 1.5, the hydrodynamic interaction effects increase dramatically as h/d decreases.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2014

A discharge electrode plays a role of shaving off workpiece with spark generated by current in discharge machining. Accordingly, for the discharge electrode, an electrode with excellent wear resistance is necessary. Generally, Graphite and Cu are used as the materials of the electrode, and recently Cu-W is mainly used as an electrode with excellent wear resistance. However, the form of the electrode generally used is produced mostly using cutting work, so a lot of costs incur if several similar forms are needed. Thus, this study developed a Cu-W electrode using Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process to produce similar forms with excellent productivity and a great quantity of electrodes in a similar form in discharge machining and carried out a discharge machining test. In developing an electrode applying MIM, predicting contraction of a product in a sintering process, a mold expansion ratio of 1.29486 was given, but the actual product showed a percentage of contraction 24% to 32%, which showed a difference of 3% to 5%. In addition, to verify wear resistance of the discharge electrode, abrasion loss was measured after the discharge.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.38-45
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 계열 모형시험을 통하여, 길이/폭 비가 작은 컨테이너선의 조종성능에 미치는 선미 부가물, 타 및 선미형상의 효과에 대해서 조사 연구되었다. 타, 선미부가물과 선미형상을 변화시키면서 각 경우에 대하여 타 단독시험과 PMM 시험이 수행되었다. 실험적으로 구한 유체력 미계수와 일본에서 개발된 MMG 수학모형을 사용하여 조종성능 해석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 선미형상의 변화와 선미벌브 밑부분에 부가물을 부착시키는 것이 불안정한 선박의 방향안정성을 향상시키는데 있어 가장 효과적이었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1990-1995
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 다구찌 방법을 이용하고 유한요소해석을 통해 알루미늄 피스톤 제조에 큰 영향을 미치는 설계변수의 적합한 조건을 도출하였다. 단조 최대 성형하중을 목적함수로 하고 설계변수로서 예비성형체, 소재온도 및 빼기구배를 선정하였으며 마찰을 잡음인자로 하는 직교배열표를 작성하고 시뮬레이션별 유한요소해석을 통해 하중을 평가하였다. 이를 통해 설계 변수들이 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과를 바탕으로 설계변수의 최적조합조건은 제안하였다. 이러한 방법은 여러 가지 금속성형공정에서 최종 단조품 전단계에서 여러 예비성형체에서 적합한 예비성형체를 결정할 때 도움을 줄 수 있으며 특히, 최적의 설계조합을 결정할 때 쉽게 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-26
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• 1968

직선늑골(直線肋骨) 및 단일배골(單一背骨)을 가지는 배의 단면(斷面)과 동일(同一)한 단면(斷面)의 주장체(柱狀體)가 고진동수(高振動數)로 이상유체(理想流體)의 자유수면(自由水面)에서 상하동(上下動)을 할 때 유체(流體)의 부가질량(附加質量)을 Schwarz-Christoffel 변환(變換)을 이용(利用)하여 해석(解析)하고 계통적(系統的)인 계산(計算)을 하였으며 그 결과(結果)를 Lewis forms에 대(對)한 결과(結果)와 비교(比較)하였다. 여기서 제시(提示)한 해석법(解析法)은 Lewis 이래(以來)의 등각사상법(等角寫像法)에 의(依)한 측면(側面) 및 선저(船底)에서의 접선조건(接線條件)에 관계(關係)없이 적용(適用)될 수 있으며, 복배골(復背骨)의 직선늑골형선단면(直線肋骨型船斷面)의 주상체(柱狀體)에 대(對)해서 확장(擴張)될 수 있다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.691-698
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• 2015

The hydrodynamic interaction forces and moments induced by the vicinity of bank on a passing vessel are known as wall effects. In this paper, the characteristics of interaction acting on a passing vessel in the proximity of a semi-circle bank wall are described and illustrated, and the effects of ship velocity, water depth and the lateral distance between vessel and semi-circle bank wall are discussed. For spacing between ship and semi-circle bank wall (SP) less than about 0.2 L and depth to ship's draft ratio (h/d) less than around 2.0, the ship-bank interaction effects increase steeply as h/d decreases. However, for spacing between ship and semi-circle bank wall (SP) more than about 0.3 L, the ship-bank interaction effects increase slowly as h/d decreases, regardless of the water depth. Also, for spacing between ship and semi-circle bank wall (SP) less than about 0.2 L, the hydrodynamic interaction effects acting on large vessel increase largely as ship velocity increases. In the meantime, for spacing between ship and semi-circle bank wall ($S_P$) more than 0.3 L, the interaction effects increase slowly as ship velocity increases.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

The hydrodynamic interaction between ship and bank can't be neglected when a vessel is app- roached toward the tip of a wedge-shaped bank in restricted waterways, such as in a harbor, near some fixed obstacles, or in a narrow channel. In this paper, the characteristic features of the hydrodynamic interaction acting on a slowly moving vessel in the proximity of a wedge-shaped bank are described and illustrated, and the effects of water depth and the spacing between ship and wedge-shaped bank are summarized and discussed based on the slender body theory. From the theoretical results, it indicated that the hydrodynamic interactions decrease as wedge-shaped bank of angle ${\beta}$ in-creases. For water depth to draft ratio less than about 2.0, the hydrodynamic interactions between ship and bank in-crease sharply as h/d decreases, regardless of the wedge-shaped bank of angle ${\beta}$. Also, for lateral separation more than about 0.2L between ship and wedge-shaped bank, it can be concluded that the bank effects decrease largely as the separation increases.