• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine the effect of sex communication with friends and sexual double standard on contraceptive self-efficacy among university students. Methods: With a survey design, data were collected from 251 university students from three universities in G city from September 2016 to October 2016. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Sex communication with friends, sexual double standard, and contraceptive self-efficacy scores of participants were $58.82{\pm}8.78$, $21.73{\pm}6.00$, and $44.20{\pm}5.91$, respectively. Sex communication with friends and sexual double standard were related to contraceptive self-efficacy. Sexual double standard, sex communication with friends, female, contraceptive education, and contraceptive experience explained 33% of contraceptive self-efficacy of participants. Conclusion: Sexual double standard and sex communication with friends were influencing factors of contraceptive self-efficacy. To improve contraceptive self-efficacy of university students, a program is needed to eliminate sexual double standard and improve sex communication with friends among university students in Korea.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.169-181
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine association of contraceptive knowledge, sexual double standard, and contraceptive self-efficacy among unmarried women in their 30s and 40s. Methods: With a survey design, data were collected from 119 unmarried women in their 30s and 40s in G city of Korea from September 2017 to March 2018. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Contraceptive knowledge, sexual double standard, and contraceptive self-efficacy scores of participants were $8.97{\pm}2.22$, $18.54{\pm}5.57$, and $45.84{\pm}6.90$, respectively. Contraceptive self-efficacy was negatively correlated with sexual double standard. Factors influencing contraceptive self-efficacy were sexual double standard (${\beta}=-.26$, p=.003), existence of boyfriend (${\beta}=.25$, p=.004), and contraceptive education need for adults (${\beta}=.17$, p=.044). They explained 19% of contraceptive self-efficacy of participants. Conclusion: To increase contraceptive self-efficacy of unmarried women in their 30s and 40s, lowering sexual double standard and developing customized contraceptive education according to age and knowledge level are needed. Research on factors related to contraceptive self-efficacy of unmarried women in their 30s and 40s from various regions are also needed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.11-23
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• 1995

This study investigated 1) actual rates of sexual intercourse and relating variables among college students and workers and 2) the trend of premarital sexual attitudes. Data for 538 were used Reiss' Premarital Sexual Permissiveness Scale question are. The major findings were as follows ; 1) Actual sexual intercourse rates is higher than the past especially in women, yet there is significant difference between man and woman. 2) double standard for premarital sexuality remains in our culture. The degree of premarital sexual permissiveness to man is higher than that of woman. Both man and woman have more permissive permarital sexual attiaudes to man. Nevertheless, the result that the degree to which each sexual behavior was accepted increased with each relationship stage implicates " permissiveness with affection" to be the sexual standard accepted by young adults. 3) Age is higher, premarital sexual attitudes are more liberal, and the extend of peer group' sexual intercourse experience is higher, the rate of sexual intercourse is higher both man and woman.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-95
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• 2006

This study aimed at identifying the relationship between marital satisfaction and marital stability, with primary focus on the effect of double sexual standards on their relationship. Data from 370 married women of community and culture centers in Daegu Metropolitan area were analyzed through multi-step multiple regressions. Findings indicated that communication and intimacy were positively related to marital satisfaction, which showed strong effect on marital stability, and that double sexual standard weakened the relationship between marital satisfaction and stability. Relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction were not statistically significant in the sample of married women. Construction of comprehensive and systemic theoretical model on marital stability was suggested for further study.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.631-638
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• 2008

This study is to examine the influences of the sex and the extramarital sexual involvement on the permissiveness toward extramarital relationship. The relative influences which the sex and the extramarital sexual involvement have on the permissiveness were measured accordingly to the sex of the involved spouse. From the sample of 492 married individuals, the findings were as follows : First, regardless of the sex of the respondents, extramarital relationship was mostly disapproved. Irrespective of the sex of the involved spouse, men tended to be more permissive than women. Respondents who had extramarital sexual involvements were more permissive than those who had not. Also, whether the respondent had experienced an extramarital sexual involvement or not, women's permissiveness did not depend much on the sex of the involved spouse. Meanwhile, men's permissiveness did. Second, while both the sex and the extramarital sexual involvement were significant variables influencing men's extramarital relationships, only the extramarital sexual involvement proved to be significant in women's case. This result identifies the sex double-standard for the permissiveness toward extramarital relationship.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find how the mate selection and sex consciousness reflected in Samhuk Yusa. We set up the following two questions for aim of this study. First, how are the real aspects and specific characters of mate selection reflected in Samguk Yusa? Second, how are the real aspects and specific characters of sex consciousness reflected in Samguk Yusa? The results can be summarized as follows; 1. Mate selection reflected in Samguk Yusa discussed into two major domains, one is spouse conditions and the other is marriage form. Men and Women are married at teenages, but the greater part of case is unidentified, so in order to approach this we need to analyse other historical documents. In men and women, standard of appearance and personality is difference. Analyzed case about appearance is a few, also we need to analyse other historical materials. More valued personality is wisdom in men, and in women more valued personality is virtue, brightness, graceful and mild. Through in case of to overcome the cultural gabs, the society must be open in every area. The marriage form is diversity, examples, free marriage, a marriage of convenience type, etc. Especially in aspects remarriage of man and woman is free in every class. 2. Sex consciousness reflected in Samguk Yusa discussed into three major domains, first is discussion about sex, second is premarital sexual behavior, third is extramarital. Through the case of discussion about sex is opened so there is not existence double blinded in sexual norms. Also through the case of premarital sexual behavior and extramarital, fidelity ideology does not yet come into existence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.682-694
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify individuals' perceptions of extramarital relationships between themselves and their spouses and to reveal relevant factors. The results of analyzing the data obtained by conducting a survey of married people (402 persons) are as follows: First, the perception of spouse's extramarital relationship turned out to be much more negative than the person's perception of his(her) own extramarital relationship, which led to the discovery of a double standard. Second, men are far more receptive to extramarital relationships than women. Third, factors affecting the perception of extramarital relationships are gender(-.161), age(.144), presence of employment(.107), physical attraction(.087), autonomy(.120), emotional alienation(.105), openness(.124), pervasiveness of extra-marital relationship(.303), and satisfaction with sexual life(-.131). Factors affecting the perception of spouses' extramarital relationships are found to be emotional maturity(-.127), prevalence of extramarital relationships around them(.113) and satisfaction with sex life(1.131). Based on the main findings, various types of practical intervention that can be used to deal with extramarital relations are discussed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.72-86
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• 2002

Recently the fashion design has been expressed mixing trend of antipodal concept. There are shown disorganization of existing standard with eclectism, pursued more sensational fashion by the sense of unease. And there are spreaded body exposure in producing on a commercial scale for sex, are shown the phenomenon by wearing innovation inner-wear in private area are exposed out. The purpose of this study are to consider preponderantly the fashion design using corset, shown up as the motive of costume design from 1990's to 2002's, define the character of molding. and extend the width of understanding of modern fashion. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The trend of deconstructionism as one line of fashion world in the 1990's make into outer garment of inner-wear, corset has been using the main item of infra costume. The past corset was existed innerwear, but it is revived various forms by transforming outer garment of body expression consciously. 2. Corset look is shown double faced factory of the beauty of tradition and decadence, vulgarity and nobility, concealment and exposure, and are expressed boldly the free consciousness outer about woman's sex with the improvement of woman's social position. 3. The molding character of Corset look divided Eroticism, Fetishism, Deconstructionism. Futurism. The trend of Corset look design is the emphasized sexual part of lace-up and cutting line of corset, and various details of see-through, kitsch, glitter look. Therefore, the trend of Corset look will be applied the modern fashion and used as motif of new design, affected the inspiration of more developed design with grafting of up-to-date fabrics and processing technique.