• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.39-62
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• 1999

Basic concept of this study is that architectural form as a material at present has meaning for the dweller's life on the past historical plane. Main method to recover history is ethnographic interview to dwellers. Secondary method is to analyze ancestors' writings, buildings in the background of the family photos, and past drawings and then to relate them with architectural form at present. Taxonomy is a starting point: general name of the building by outside researcher is quite different from it by inside dwellers. 'Haengrang-chae', servant quarter, has never been used for servants. Function of the haengrang went outside thatched houses at the front village. Firsthand observation or simple analyses as results of several precedent research are reexamined and criticized through this study. The mansion has moaning when we synthesize with the site location based on farming land and tenant farmer, and decline of the Kyongpo Lake. Territoriality of the mansion is reinterpreted to 'In-Out Structure' by Yin-Yang thinking, Dwellers extend buildings gradually to outside village, surrounding rear hills, the lake, DongHae Sea, and finally goes to imaginative Taoist heaven beyond real nature through the literary life. Confucius principle, known to govern upper class house at Yi Dynasty also affect general composition of the buildings: perpetuation of the family by ancestor worship, elder dominance and male dominance, fraternity love in the extended family, charity display by reception of guests, Taoist scholarly life harmonized with nature. However, the study of the particular life and usage of the dwellers reinforces or corrects general supposition of precedent researches. Unique shape of the house has been formed by convenience of the dwellers' life style, early modernized free thought over the rigid Confucius design principle, and female power in male dominant society.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.178-207
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• 1998

This article suggests a methodology to decide the priority of investment project for venture business under the dynamic circumstance. By the Monte Carlo procedure on the probability distribution of cost and revenue, the model simulates the investment project to estimate profit ratio and risk. The profit ratio is calculated on the yearly basis for the relative comparison. The project risk is calculated as semi-variance under the target yield. After sufficient simulations in this fashion for several projects, the efficient projects with more profit and less risk are selected by the dominance principle. Then the regression equation of the selected projects is produced to find the relative value of the projects. The relative value is obtained through dividing the raw profit ratio by the estimated one on the equation. This value shows the degree to which the simulated project yields over the equation. The priority of investment is decided by this value. An examplary venture business of chemical development for semi-conductor is presented as a case study.

• 셀메드
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2014

The most important reason mentioned for the early discontinuation of breast feeding and introduction of supplementary bottles is Perceived Insufficient Milk (PIM), which is relatively common in women. This is of public health concern because the use of breast milk substitutes increases the risk of morbidity and mortality among infants in developing countries and shortens birth intervals. Thus, a literary search in classical text for aetiopathogenesis, symptoms and treatment of PIM were appraised to implement in contemporary era. The classical Unani texts viz., Al Qanon fit Tib (Canon of Medicine), Al Hawi (Continens Liber), Zakheera Kharzam Shahi, Tarjuma Kamilus Sana, Tibbe Akbar, Akseer Azam, and Kitabul Kulliyat were reviewed. Further certain galactogogue herbs which are in use since antiquity such as fenugreek, cotton seeds, cumin, asparagus, black cumin etc were explored in different search engines on website for proven galactogogue activity. The causes of PIM are abnormal temperament of body or breast, anaemia, anxiety, depression, malnutrition etc. The principle treatment is treating the cause viz., the temperament is corrected by diet and drugs in abnormal temperament, elimination of humour is required in dominance of humour etc. The aforementioned drugs are proven scientifically for their galactogogue activity. The classical texts are having valuable information regarding PIM, which can be implemented in present era. Aforementioned Unani drugs are proven scientifically for with their galactogogue effect, however, clinical trials are scarce. Therefore, further randomized controlled clinical trials are recommended.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 얼굴 애니메이션을 좀 더 실질적으로 표현하기 위하여 한글 생성의 원리와 입 모양 형태의 유사성을 기반으로 기본 음소를 선정하고 이를 이용하는 새로운 알고리듬을 제안한다. 카메라를 통해 얻어진 특징 점 이용이 아닌, 모션 캡쳐 (Motion Capture) 장비를 사용하여 실제 입모양의 움직임 데이터를 취득하여 취득된 데이터를 지수 증,감 형태로 나타내어 발성에 대한 음소를 표현하고 연속된 음절을 표현하기 위하여 지배 함수(Dominance Function)와 혼합 함수(Blending Function)를 적용하여 동시 조음에 대한 표현을 해결하였다. 또한 음절 간의 결합 시간을 입 주변의 마커(Marker) 거리 값의 변위를 이용하여 그 기울기 값에 따라 시간 지연을 함으로 현실감 있는 사용자 입력 문자에 대한 입 모양 궤적 데이터를 생성하는 실험 결과를 보여준다.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.20-39
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• 2020

In order to overturn the exclusion of Korean schools from the newly implemented free tuition program (2010) as part of sanctions against North Korea, members of Korean schools and Japanese supporters have focused on "students' innocence" and "multicultural coexistence" as viable frameworks to explain why the students are sympathetic and legitimate subjects who deserve equal rights. Examining different political strategies employed by the Korean schools and their supporters through ethnography and media analysis, the article pays close attention to how they claim their eligibility for these rights while they negotiate state surveillance and intervention in the process. I argue that in their efforts to gain recognition as deserving and sympathetic subjects, Korean schools are trapped in what political theorist Patchen Markell calls a "permanent temptation" in pursuing "recognition." Anti-North Korea sentiments in Japan have made the desire for good recognition even more urgent among Korean school community members. The paper will demonstrate that the search for recognition unwittingly reinforces and perpetuates existing relations of subordination and state dominance over their education as it has forced the Korean schools to accept various "conditions" that would radically alter the core principle, mission, and pedagogy of Korean school education that is rooted in decolonizing theory and praxis. This paper will shed lights on dilemma of multicultural coexistence the Korean minority population faces in Japan today.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.288-301
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• 2023

This study aims to identify benthic macroinvertebrate fauna inhabiting at the mountain valley stream (Mt. Cheonggye) in Korea and the relationship between physical environmental factors and biological indices. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected at five locations on August 24 and October 14, 2020, and were identified as 4 phyla, 7 classes, 16 orders, 42 families, and 72 species. Dominance ranged from 0.38 to 0.59, diversity 2.81 to 3.75, richness 3.25 to 4.63, evenness 0.65 to 0.84, and %EPT (Ephemeroptera-PlecopteraTrichoptera) richness value 42% to 73%, respectively. All sites were evaluated as a very good status by mostly biological indices based on tolerance of indicator organisms in Korea. As a result of principal component analysis, biological indices are classified into species-level indices and higher cartegory-level indices according to the taxonomic level of the indicator organism considered in each index. As a result of canonical correspondence analysis, it was confirmed that current velocity was a major factor that increased species richness and classified biological indices according to taxonomic category level. Water depth was a major factor related to the community indices, and the deeper the water depth, the lower the diversity and the evenness.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.335-356
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 Markowitz (1952)의 평균-분산 모형과 지배원리에 입각하여 원유, 석탄, 천연가스로 대표되는 화석에너지원의 최적 소비조합을 구축하려 하였다. 이를 위해 1달러당 열량으로 정의된 화석에너지원들의 편익변동을 동태은닉공통인자 모형을 이용하여 동행부분과 개별 에너지원의 특이적 수급상황에 기초한 변동으로 분해한 후, 그 결과에 기초하여 최적 화석에너지원의 최적 소비조합을 구성하였다. 분석결과, 평균-분산 모형에서 최적 소비조합을 의미하는 효율적 프론티어 선상의 소비조합들에서는 사회적으로 도달 가능한 최저 수준의 원유소비 비중을 유지하면서 석탄보다는 천연가스의 소비비중을 높여야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 현재 우리나라에서 추구하고 있는 원유 및 석탄의 소비비중 축소전략과도 일치하는 결과라 할 수 있으며, 원유소비의 비중축소가 화석에너지원의 소비로부터 얻을 수 있는 편익향상과 함께 편익변동에 따르는 경제활동의 불안정성을 축소시킬 수 있는 방법임을 지적하는 것이라 할 수 있다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2019

가축분뇨 유래 온실가스 배출량은 상당하며, 특히 저장 기간 중에 메탄을 포함한 상당량의 온실가스가 배출된다. 본 연구에서는 고형물 농도가 높은 우분의 저장 시 메탄 배출량 저감을 위해 낮은 온도 저장의 영향을 살펴보았다. 우분이 60일 저장되는 동안 배출된 최대 메탄의 양은 $35^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $63.6{\pm}3.6kg\;CO_2\;eq./ton\;CM$으로 나타났으며 저장온도가 30, 25, 20, $15^{\circ}C$로 낮아질수록 각각 $51.6{\pm}1.8$, $24.1{\pm}4.4$, $14.9{\pm}0.5$, $3.7{\pm}0.1kg\;CO_2\;eq./ton\;CM$으로 감소하였다. 우분을 $35^{\circ}C$에서 저장하는 동안 30%의 COD가 감소하였지만 $15^{\circ}C$에서는 단 6%의 COD만이 감소되어 우분 내 유기물의 손실은 저장온도가 높을수록 증가하였다. 제거된 COD의 3~10%만이 메탄으로 전환이 되었으며 대부분은 호기 분해에 의해 진행된 것으로 사료된다. 우분의 주요 우점종으로는 Methanobrevibacter과 Methanolobus이 발견되었고 저장온도가 낮아질수록 저온 메탄생성균인 Methanolobus psychrophilus의 우점율(48%, $15^{\circ}C$)이 증가하였다. 수소를 이용한 SMA 실험 결과, 25, $15^{\circ}C$에서 저장한 메탄생성균의 지체기간은 10~11일, 최대 메탄생성속도는 22 mL/g VSS/d으로 $35^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우(1일, 12~17 mL/g VSS/d)보다 지체기간은 증가하였지만 메탄생산속도는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이런 결과로 미루어보아 저온저장은 메탄생성균에게 일시적인 저해는 줄 수 있지만, 적절한 조건이 주어지면 그 활성도는 다시 회복될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.148-153
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• 2022

This thesis investigates the meaning of a performer's energy taking into an account of the full bodily engagement as the flow of energy and/or psychophysical readiness focusing specifically on the significance of qualitative bodily transformation. In this contemporary era, the dominance of performer training and its approaches to acting/training has very frequently meant that how to play a character in a textual based approach by emphasizing on interpreting and impersonating the role as real as possible. In this sense, as a performer trainer, from my observation and research findings shows that it is common for the term energy is not to be motivated by what a performer's body needs within a specific moment in specific performance which they are working on. To address the problematic issues, this thesis begins by interrogating the practical meaning of transformation with addressing the principle and process of movement by means of the flow of energy on stage. For a performer, inhabiting/integrating his/her body and mind as oneness and/or unity means s/he sincerely encounter, confront, and therefore listen to his/her body in here and now. Because since the performer's physical appearance completely defined his/her psychological state, no one can play either the past or the future in the moment. In this manner, an appropriate use of energy synonymous with the flow of energy correspondence with the given time and space in which the performer's body informs and initiates movement as necessary action. To be precise, the performer's bodily movement either visible or invisible in a sense of training and rehearsal is perceived as attaining or achieving psychophysical involvement as the full body engagement which enable to make the event happen in the right moment. Here, this thesis argues that the significance of a performer's inner intensity reminds us of the necessity of qualitative transformation on which the performer could discover his/her own mode of awareness as well as a way his/her body function in the given circumstance. From this point of view, this research finding would advocates that the performer's body maintains in the field of energy flow where his/her conscious effort and/or mindfulness disappear. The performer's movement is a manifestation of the whole bodily engagement by means of being as real in that moment rather than representing reality.