• 제목/요약/키워드: domestic work

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Development of a Fleet Management System for Cooperation Among Construction Equipment (건설장비 협업을 위한 플릿관리 시스템 개발)

  • Ahn, Seo-Hyun;Kim, Sung-Keun;Lee, Kwan-Hoon
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.573-586
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    • 2016
  • In construction jobs, a combination of various kinds of machinery is used to perform earthworks at a large-scale site. Individual equipments essentially cooperate with each other on task such as excavation, load, transfer and compaction. While other area have studied cooperation system, related study in domestic construction is in poor condition. In this study, construction equipment fleet management system is developed for solving this problem and find way to improving efficiency in earthworks site. The entire concept of the fleet management system, including its components and process, has been systematically outlined in this paper. An operational methodology has also been suggested, where a number of machines, such as the excavators, trucks and compactors, are chosen and further grouped into a cluster. A case study verify fleet management system's effectiveness on performing task package by comparing existing work method with methodology in this study. Fleet management system in this study is expected to curtail fuel consumption by the reduction of working time and moving distance. Furthermore, it can be anticipated to declining carbon emission effect.

Shoes from Pinet to the Present

  • June, Swann
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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    • 한국복식학회 2001년도 19th International Costume Association Congress
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    • pp.11-13
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    • 2001
  • For those unfamiliar with the shoe world, Pinet (1817-1897) was a contemporary of Worth, the great Parisian couturier. So I look at the glamour shoes and the world of haute couture, and indeed the development of the named designer. That is a concept we are all familiar with now. So it is not easy to comprehend the lack of names for the exquisite work before 1850. Straightway I have to say that the number of noted shoe designers is far fewer than famous dress designers, but I will introduce you to some of them, against the background of contemporary shoe fashions. Franc;ois Pinet was born in the provinces (probably Touraine) in 1817, two years after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. His father, an ex-soldier, settled to shoemaking, a comparatively clean and quiet trade. It had a tradition of literacy, interest in politics, and was known as the gentle craft, which attracted intelligent people. We should presume father would be helped by the family. It was usual for a child to begin by the age of 5-6, tying knots, sweeping up, running errands and gradually learning the job. His mother died 1827, and father 1830 when he was 13, and at the time when exports of French shoes were flooding world markets. He went to live with a master shoemaker, was not well treated, and three years later set out on the tour-de- France. He worked with masters in Tours and Nantes, where he was received as Compagnon Cordonnier Bottier du Devoir as Tourangeau-Ia rose dAmour (a name to prove most appropriate). He went on to Bordeaux, where at 19 he became president of the local branch. In 1841 he went to Paris, and in 1848, revolution year, as delegate for his corporation, he managed to persuade them not to go on strike. By now the shoemakers either ran or worked for huge warehouses, and boots had replaced shoes as the main fashion. In 1855 Pinet at the age of 38 set up his own factory, as the first machines (for sewing just the uppers) were appearing. In 1863 he moved to new ateliers and shop at Rue ParadisPoissoniere 44, employing 120 people on the premises and 700 outworkers. The English Womans Domestic Magazine in 1867 records changes in the boots: the soles are now wider, so that it is no longer necessary to walk on the uppers. There is interest in eastern Europe, the Polonaise boots with rosette of cord and tassels and Bottines Hongroises withtwo rows of buttons, much ornamented. It comments on short dresses, and recommends that the chaussure should correspond to the rest of the toilet. This could already be seen in Pinets boots: tassels and superb flower embroidery on the higher bootleg, which he showed in the Paris Exposition that year. I think his more slender and elegant Pinet heel was also patented then or 1868. I found little evidence for colour-matching: an English fashion plate of 1860 shows emerald green boots with a violetcoloured dress.

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A Study on the Effect of Thermal Deformation and Color Changes during the Firing Processes of Porcelain Clay(I) (자기소지의 소성 과정 중 열변형과 색 변화에 관한 연구(I))

  • 김종태
    • Archives of design research
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    • 제21권
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    • pp.99-106
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    • 1997
  • There were the changes of shapes and color tones when the soil materials e.g. Blue-Porcelain, White-Porcelain, Bunchong, mixed A and B, mullite, Sanchong and Ongki - used by most domestic ceramic artists - were glazed at $ 950^{\circ}C,; 1200^{\circ}C,; 1250^{\circ}C,; 1280^{\circ}C,;1300^{\circ}C$ After the materials were dried out at 120t: in an electric oven, they were mixed with water, keeping the percentage of moisture content 25% and kneaded specimens which are hexahedron by $$ 250{\times}30{\times}8mm$$were produced and dried after calibrated at 200mm interval with a vernier caliper. After the materials were dried and glazed, they showed few shape-changes at $950^{\circ}C$ but began to changed at $1200^{\circ}C$,especially Bunchong and Ongki made rapid changes. In the case of color-change, White-Porcelain changed very little. The color of Blue-Porcelain, mixed A and B, Sanchong, Mullite changed to ]aune brilliant as temperature went up but Bunchong and Ongki changed to dark brown or dark chocolate under the same conditions. This study aims at suggestion of the basic data which minimize failure rates by recognizing the property of the materials on the basis of this study and regulating shape-change phenomena and sensitive changes of color when ceramic artists work.

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Grope for a Scholarly identity by Comparative Analysis in curriculum of Department of the Security and Secretary Studies ("경호학과"와 "경호비서학과"의 교육과정 비교.분석을 통한 경호비서의 정체성 모색)

  • Gong, Bae-Wan
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • 제20호
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 2009
  • Recently the demand for civil protection and security guards shows rapid growth by the social development and improve the quality of life. However the supply and education system have some limitations in spite of the high demand guard-secretary. The main role of secretaries has been to accompany superiors in order to maintain their dignity or trait. However, the secretaries are required to play additional roles of safety managers such as a security manager, a protocol manager, an intelligence manager and a protective driver in order to overcome the domestic and the international safety environment and to elevate the quality of service as a competitive work. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyse current situation of curriculum on security guard training at the universities related to this department, and to seek an educational model for this area. For that, the following questions will be examined. First, Do the professional training organizations meet social demand for the body and security guards? Second, What kind of training has to be provide for the body and security guards? and what the qualifications of the trainers? Then, what are the differences in training courses between private organizations and universities? Is there differences in the job placement among the trainers of private organizations and universities? etc.. In summary to meet the social demand common curriculum for the body and security guard will be drawn from the analyses of diverse training organizations with different training courses in contents, training periods, educational value, and social aim. For the scholarly identity to the security and secretary studies is th following on the core curriculum, then the university curriculum is very important for that. It is need to arrange the curriculum that is actually current at College or University for the suggestions on scholarly identity and development of the security and secretary studies.

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A combined sewer design method using tractive force considering wastewater flow on non-rainy days and its application for improvement methods of sewer (청천시 오수량을 고려한 합류식 하수도 소류력 설계법과 이를 활용한 하수관거 개보수방안)

  • Ji, Hyon Wook;Yoo, Sung Soo;Song, Homyeon;Kang, Jeong-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.211-220
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    • 2020
  • When domestic sewage and rainwater runoff are discharged into a single sewer pipe, it is called a "combined sewer system." The sewage design standards in Korea specify the flow velocity based only on the volume of rainfall; therefore, sedimentation occurs on non-rainy days owing to the reduced flow rate and velocity. This sedimentation reduces the discharge capacity, causes unpleasant odors, and exacerbates the problem of combined sewer overflow concentration. To address this problem, the amount of sewage on non-rainy days, not just the volume of rainfall, should also be considered. There are various theories on sedimentation in sewer movement. This study introduces a self-cleansing velocity based on tractive force theory. By applying a self-cleansing velocity equivalent to the critical shear stress of a sand particle, sedimentation can be reduced on non-rainy days. The amount of sewage changes according to the water use pattern of citizens. The design hourly maximum wastewater flow was considered as a representative value, and the velocity of this flow should be more than the self-cleansing velocity. This design method requires a steeper gradient than existing design criteria. Therefore, the existing sewer pipelines need to be improved and repaired accordingly. In this study, five types of improvement and repair methods that can maximize the use of existing pipelines and minimize the depth of excavation are proposed. The key technologies utilized are trenchless sewer rehabilitation and complex cross-section pipes. Trenchless sewer rehabilitation is a popular sewage repair method. However, it is complex because the cross-section pipes do not have a universal design and require continuous research and development. In an old metropolis with a combined sewer system, it is difficult to carry out excavation work; hence, the methods presented in this study may be useful in the future.

Analysis of Examples of Treating Ganwul[stagnation of liver qi] in 『WooJam JabJeo(愚岑雜著)』 (경험의안(經驗醫案) 『우잠잡저(愚岑雜著)』의 간울(肝鬱) 치험례(治驗例))

  • Park, Sang-Young;Oh, Jun-Ho;Kwon, Oh-Min;Ahn, Sang-Young;Ahn, Sang-Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Medical History
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.53-60
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    • 2012
  • In recent times, a medical book called "WooJam JabJeo" has been published in complete Korean version. Not a few cases where the vivid appearance of the place for medical treatment are included intact in this medical book. This study is attempting to analyze one symptom of a disease by choosing it among the diseases our ancient sages treated in the light of the fact that there are only a few models which are applied to today's clinical treatment by our ancient sages appearance of medical service. This study believes that such an analysis of ancient medicine could be a part of the efforts to increase the applicable models to today's clinical treatment one by one. This paper is aimed at introducing and analyzing the three cases of Ganwul which are found in "WooJam JabJeo". It's because this study thinks that Ganwul is a symptom over which oriental medicine can not only establish dominance over western medicine it its diagnosis and prescription but Ganwul will also have high applicability to today's clinical treatment. Through this research, this study was able to perceive that the author. Jang, Tae-kyeong of "WooJam JabJeo" had vast knowledge of medical theories, especially in author's understanding diseases and composing prescription based on "Donguibogam". Up to the present time, domestic medical circles have understood the emergence of "Jejungshinpyeon(濟衆新編)"(1799) or "Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編)"(1885) as an outlining work at most for overcoming such a limit of "DonguiBogam" superficially. However, by looking into Jang Tae-kyeong's understanding of "Dongui Bogam". this study was able to know the fact that the emergence of such medical books was possible because the medical knowledge included in "Dongui Bogam" was fully understood and digested in society of the Josen Dynasty. Conclusively, such a fact reminds us that it serves as a momentum to confirm once more that "Dongui Bogam" could be a good model for even today's clinical treatment.

A Study on Women's Wear Manufacturing Industries (II) - Automation of the Facilities and Ratio of Impaired goods - (숙녀복(淑女服) 봉제업계(縫製業界) 실태(實態) 연구(硏究) (II) - 생산설비(生産設備) 자동화(自動化)와 생산제품(生産製品) 불량수준(不良水準) -)

  • Uh, Mi-Kyung;Sohn, Hee-Soon
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.46-54
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to understand women's wear manufacturing industries. First, the study was to investigate the present production systems and how much the automatic facility are by comparing them. This study enhanced more efficient, stable, and suitable work line. This intern will direct the way in which automatic facilities will be created. Second, through this study on the general character of the inspectors, the ratio of impaired goods, and the reasons for unsatisfactory goods, I intended to find out a way to decrease the impaired goods and to produce competitive and high quality goods. The results of the survey can be summarized as follows; 1. The result of the research on the automatic industrial facilities shows that the majority of the factories (77.4%) are 40% below the automatic facility rate. The reasons for this according to order are that was a deficit in money, no reason for expensive machines, and lack of the technique and the number of workers required to handle the machines. 2. At this time, the most required equipments are shown according to its importance; automatic sewing machine, automatic cutting machine, automatic spreading machine, and finishing & pressing machine. So in the women's wear manufacturing industries, they think that they need more automatic cutting machine, automatic spreading machine in the cutting field rather than high price automatic machine in the sewing field such as pattern former, pocket welting, automatic sleeve connecting machine and automatic label connecting machine. 3. The result of the research in the goods quality shows that the average impaired rate is 12.7% at the first inspection. In addition the average rate for complete impaired rate is 1.52%. The line system shows that it has a impaired rate that is double the rate of the pair system. Because of this, the industries plan to combine the line system and pair system to create an improved and suitable production system which can boost the quality and productivity of the goods. 4. The fabric is the main point of the impaired goods. The factors of the impaired goods in manufacturing are the lack of mental abilities of the worker, impaired fabrics and a lack of cooperation in the working system. Furthermore, there is a lack of technique for new material. 5. To prohibit impaired goods in manufacturing, there need to be a way to educate the workers and to enhance the workers' mind on the productive goods. Also there need to increase in the investments of automatic production machines. Finally there need to be a standardized working line. Therefore, there need to be an improvement on the management of the production of goods, the development of technique and an increase in the education for the workers, with this there will be a decrease in impaired goods, and an increase in better quality of goods to enforce the domestic apparel industries.

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Study of the Somatic Cell Count Grade of Goat Milk in Korea (산양유의 체세포수 등급 설정에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Ji-Hye;Jeong, Seok-Geun;Han, Gi-Sung;Jang, Ae-Ra;Chae, Hyun-Seok;Yoo, Young-Mo;Ahn, Chong-Nam;Woo, Kwang-Tae;Choi, Seok-Ho;Lee, Wan-Kyu;Ham, Jun-Sang
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.218-221
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    • 2008
  • The aim of this work was to establish the standard for goat milk somatic cell counts. The data were obtained from MGEN, which were collected from Dec. 2006 to Nov. 2007. A total of three hundred and forty somatic cell counts from 12 goat milk farms were analyzed. A goat milk grading system by somatic cell count is proposed; less than 1,000,000/mL, 1,000,000-1,500,000/mL, 1,500,000-2,000,000/mL, 2,000,000/mL-2,500,000/mL, and over 2,500,000/mL. Under the grading system, the ratio of first grade goat milk would be 26.2%, and that of the fifth grade would be 11.8%. The first grade ratio is low and the fifth grade ratio is high compared to the cow milk grading system. It is expected that somatic cell counts of domestic goat milk will be improved by the proposed grading system.

Current Status and Regulation Issues of the Functional Dairy Products in European Countries and the United States of America (기능성 유제품의 생산 현황 및 관리제도 - 미국.유럽을 중심으로 -)

  • Yoon, Sung-Sik;Song, Tae-Suk;Jeon, Sang-Rok;Park, Da-Jeong;Park, Jung-Min;Woon, Jae-Ho;Lim, Kyung-Jong;Kim, Jin-Man
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.9-22
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    • 2008
  • This work has been conducted as a part to set up the regulations and the scientific evaluation systems for the functional dairy products with health claims in Korea. Toward this end, current regulations, requirements, and all kinds of provisions related to the functional dairy products overseas were taken into accounts and feasible recommendations of new initiatives on the current regulations as well. By doing so, not only protecting hopefully the innocent consumers from the false labeling statements and fake advertisements, but also eventually to revitalize the stagnated domestic dairy industries. Currently, functional daily products are simply regarded as "Dietary Supplements" in the United States, and subjected to the regulations under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, established m 1994. Manufacturers and sales distributors should notify their products to the FDA, which is in charge of the dietary supplements on nutrition and labeling, in advance when they start marketing a new dietary ingredient or any foods containing it in the States. For EU countries, there exists keen interests about the functional food products between the member countries of the European Union even though the products are categorized into "Food Supplements" similar to those in the United States. Therefore, they maintain a cautious attitude in applying the health claims to the functional food products. On the other hand, under the Japanese health food system, functional foods are qualified to the functional health foods in terms of legal status as long as any traditional foods can meet the legal standards in its effectiveness, safety as well as quality, along with significant scientific evidences related to the products, thus categorized into "Foods for Specified Health Uses and "Foods with Nutrient Function Claims". Through this study, we may have some expectations and potential utilizations as follows: Legal regulations of dietary supplements especially for the dairy products will be implemented by the outcomes of this research and proposed a tentative amendment of functional ingredients for the sake of consumer protection from the false advertisements and overstatement labeling. Current regulations on the animal foods processing and advertisements will be amended and supplemented in order to revitalize the current downturn dairy sales and to harmonize the international Codex recommendations. The results obtained from this study will make the consumers a wise selection of the dairy products with health claims and be utilized for consumer education and advertisement of the functional products as well.

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An Experimental Study About a Net-Type External Prestress Strengthening Method for Slab Bridges (네트형 외부 긴장재에 의한 슬래브교 보강 실험)

  • Han, Man Yop;Kang, Tae Heon;Choi, Sok Hwan
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • 제15권5호
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    • pp.136-149
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    • 2011
  • Large portion of the domestic bridges are slab bridges reflecting the geographical characteristic of the country, where exists lots of inclines and small winding brooks. Many of the slab bridges are damaged and superannuated as they become obsolete. Deterioration is accelerated when the traffic density becomes large and heavy vehicles pass frequently. A strengthening method for deteriorated slab bridges was studied in this work. The examined net-type strengthening method uses both longitudinal and transverse prestressing for strengthening. In this way, the deflection at the center of the slab can be better controlled, and consequently, the slab is more efficiently strengthened. Three slab specimens were fabricated for the experimental test and subjected to three different loading conditions, and the load bearing capacities and deflections of slabs were examined. Flexural stiffness of slabs increased by 30.7~107.3%, and deflection of slabs decreased by 27.6~52.2% after net-type strengthening. The net-type prestressing is efficient to the strengthening for the center of a slab, and its efficiency is also valid under eccentric loadings. Since extra prestress forces can be added in the future, if necessary, the net-type strengthening system is advantagous for the maintenance and repair of slab bridges.