• BMB Reports
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.238-243
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• 2011

We generated 16,993 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from two libraries containing full-length cDNAs from the brain and liver of the Korean Jindo dog. An additional 365,909 ESTs from other dog breeds were identified from the NCBI dbEST database, and all ESTs were clustered into 28,514 consensus sequences using StackPack. We selected the 7,305 consensus sequences that could be assembled from at least five ESTs and estimated that 12,533 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were present in 97,835 putative SNPs from the 7,305 consensus sequences. We identified 58 Jindo dog-specific SNPs in comparison to other breeds and predicted seven synonymous SNPs and ten non-synonymous SNPs. Using PolyPhen, a program that predicts changes in protein structure and potential effects on protein function caused by amino acid substitutions, three of the non-synonymous SNPs were predicted to result in changes in protein function for proteins expressed by three different genes (TUSC3, ITIH2, and NAT2).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2004

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.266-272
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to investigate the current state of carcass weight distribution and external quality of domestic duck products. A total of 419,164 duck heads were used for the carcass weight distribution analysis. From the results, the average, mode, median, and quartile were 2,164.4, 2,000, 2,200, and 300 g, respectively. Furthermore, carcass yield averaged 70.1% from the live weights of domestic duck products. Duck carcasses had 28.4% external defects and 4.8% external damage. Moreover, the appearance ratio of discoloration was 34.1% and, in particular, the leg region was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the other regions. The feather removal defect ratio averaged 44% from the duck carcass surface. The ratio of disjointed and broken bones averaged 9.91% and mostly appeared in wing and leg parts. Fat content was significantly (p<0.05) higher in carcasses with weights >2.3 kg than that of other carcass weight levels, suggesting that market live weight of domestic duck products must be greater than a minimum of 3 kg.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the environmental load of two different concentrate feed supply systems to the Japanese domestic livestock industry using the Life-cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The current system was defined as that requiring 11.469 million tons of corn imported from the US by sea transport and supplied as concentrate feed to the Japanese domestic livestock industry. The new system proposed by Kaku et al. in 2004 was defined as where 802,830 tons of US imported corn would not be planted in US and would be replaced by barley planted in 278 thousand ha of Japanese domestic land left fallow for the past year. In this case, 909,000 tons of domestic harvest barley would have been supplied as concentrate feed to the Japanese domestic livestock industry in 2000. The activities taken into account within the two system boundaries were three stages: concentrate feed production, feed transportation and gas emission from the soil by chemical fertilizer. Finished compost was regarded as organic fertilizer and was put instead of chemical fertilizers within the system boundary. Adoption of this new concentrate feed supply system by the Japanese domestic livestock industry could reduce 78,462 tons $CO_2$-equivalents of global warming potential, 347 tons $SO_2$-equivalents of acidification potential, 54 tons $PO_4$-equivalents of eutrophication potential and 0.842 million GJ as energy consumption below 2,000 levels. This LCA study comparing two Japanese domestic livestock concentrate feed supply systems showed that the stage of feed transport contributed most to global warming and the stage of emission from the soil contributed most to acidification and eutrophication. The Japanese domestic livestock industry could participate in emissions trading with $CO_2$-equivalents reduced by shifting from some imported US corn as a concentrate feed to domestic barley planted in land left fallow. In that case the Japanese government could launch emissions trading in accordance with Kyoto Protocol in the future.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.238-245
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• 2009

This study was performed to develop ethogram of the Jindo dog's temperament categories under various conditions. A set of 12 behavioral tests were developed to investigate temperament categories expressed by the dogs. Fourty-three adult Jindo dogs(24 males, 19 females) from three different farms located in Jindo island were tested in 12 different behavioral tests. All test procedures and dog's behaviors responded to the tests were recorded using two digital video cameras and one digital still camera. A single observer reviewed all of the videotapes focused on dog's vocalization, movement, head, ears, eyes, mouth, and tail-positions. After all of the behavioral variables expressed throughout the testing period were described in detail, an ethogram of four temperament categories of 'sociability', 'aggression', 'fearfulness', and 'submission' revealed by 12 behavioral tests was developed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.752-756
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• 2011

Polymorphism of the second exon of the caprine leukocyte antigen-DRB3 gene (CLA-$DRB3^*02$) was investigated in this study. The 285 bp PCR product of 258 individuals from 10 domestic goat breeds in Southwest China was digested with restriction endonucleases PstI and HaeIII and then genotyped. Three alleles and 4 restriction digestion profiles were distinguished by digestion of the PCR fragment by PstI, and 8 alleles and 13 genotypes by HaeIII. For HaeIII restriction enzyme sites, the Chi-square ($X^2$) test showed that all goat breeds in this study did not fit with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.01 or p<0.05). The highly polymorphic nature of CLA-$DRB3^*02$ was demonstrated and the ranges of gene heterozygosity (He) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were 0.36-0.63 and 0.32-0.55, respectively. Clustering analysis showed that the 10 goat breeds clustered into two groups and Dazu Black goat had a close genetic relationship with Chengdu Grey, Jintang Black and Nanjiang Yellow goats.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.119-125
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• 2018

In vitro diagnostic veterinary medical reagents (IVDVMRs) were diverted the medical devices from medicine by the revision of the pharmaceutical affairs act enforcement regulations in 2015 in Korea. It classified into class I-IV according to risks of individual and public health. However, good manufacturing practices requirements on IVDVMRs were exempted from the current system. The registration of IVDVMRs by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency has gradually increased since 2012, and total of 584 products from 68 companies were registered from 1978 to 2017. Most of these items are clinical immunochemistry (infection disease), clinical immunochemistry (non-infection disease), molecular genetics, endocrinology, blood gas analysis, clinical microbiology, toxin, heavy metal and drug of abuse, other etc. The market size of IVDVMRs reported from the Korea Animal Health Products Association was estimated to be approximately 51.9 billion won in 2017. The domestic consumption and the export sales were approximately 31.2 and 20.7 billion won, respectively. They are increasing 23.9% (CAGR) in domestic consumption and 40.4% (CAGR) in export from 2011 to 2017.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1314-1326
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• 2022

Objective: Alongside the rise of animal-protection awareness in Taiwan, the public has been paying more attention to dog genetic deficiencies due to inbreeding in the pet market. The goal of this study was to isolate novel microsatellite markers for monitoring the genetic structure of domestic dog populations in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 113 DNA samples from three dog breeds-beagles (BEs), bichons (BIs), and schnauzers (SCs)-were used in subsequent polymorphic tests applying the 14 novel microsatellite markers that were isolated in this study. Results: The results showed that the high level of genetic diversity observed in these novel microsatellite markers provided strong discriminatory power. The estimated probability of identity (P_(ID)) and the probability of identity among sibs (P_(ID)sib) for the 14 novel microsatellite markers were 1.7×10^-12 and 1.6×10^-5, respectively. Furthermore, the power of exclusion for the 14 novel microsatellite markers was 99.98%. The neighbor-joining trees constructed among the three breeds indicated that the 14 sets of novel microsatellite markers were sufficient to correctly cluster the BEs, BIs, and SCs. The principal coordinate analysis plot showed that the dogs could be accurately separated by these 14 loci based on different breeds; moreover, the Beagles from different sources were also distinguished. The first, the second, and the third principal coordinates could be used to explain 44.15%, 26.35%, and 19.97% of the genetic variation. Conclusion: The results of this study could enable powerful monitoring of the genetic structure of domestic dog populations in Taiwan.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.24.1-24.14
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• 2017

Over the past decades, in vitro culture media have been developed to successfully support IVF embryo growth in a variety of species. Advanced reproductive technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), challenge us with a new type of embryo, with special nutritional requirements and altered physiology under in vitro conditions. Numerous studies have successfully reconstructed cloned embryos of domestic animals for biomedical research and livestock production. However, studies evaluating suitable culture conditions for SCNT embryos in wildlife species are scarce (for both intra- and interspecies SCNT). Most of the existing studies derive from previous IVF work done in conventional domestic species. Extrapolation to non-domestic species presents significant challenges since we lack information on reproductive processes and embryo development in most wildlife species. Given the challenges in adapting culture media and conditions from IVF to SCNT embryos, developmental competence of SCNT embryos remains low. This review summarizes research efforts to tailor culture media to SCNT embryos and explore the different outcomes in diverse species. It will also consider how these culture media protocols have been extrapolated to wildlife species, most particularly using SCNT as a cutting-edge technical resource to assist in the preservation of endangered species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.759-763
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• 2015

The breeding of domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) for human consumption has a long tradition in China. Infections that can affect the production of meat or even be transmitted from animals to humans are important to monitor, especially for public health reasons as well as for their impact on animal health. Thus, a total of 1,132 domestic rabbit sera from 4 regions in China were collected for serological screening for Encephalitozoon cuniculi and for Toxoplasma gondii by ELISA and modified agglutination test (MAT), respectively. Antibodies to E. cuniculi were detected in 248/1,132 (21.9%) sera tested while antibodies against T. gondii revealed a seroprevalence of 51/1,132 (4.5%). We believe that the present results are of epidemiological implications and public health importance due to the acknowledged susceptibility of humans to E. cuniculi and T. gondii infections. Therefore, routine screening tests of domestic rabbits are proposed considering the zoonotic potential of these parasites.