• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.902-907
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to parallel circuit training and circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism was to compare the differences in pulmonary function and chest expansion in adult men. This study was performed on 20 subjects. 20 subjects were divided into two groups; Circuit training group(n=10), Circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism(n=10). Both of the group performed the exercise 3 times a week for 5 weeks. The data was analyzed by the Repeated t-test for comparing before, during and after changes of factors in each group and the Independent t-test for comparing the between groups. The result are as follows. Circuit training group was statistically significant difference FVC, FEV1/FVC(p<.05), Circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism group was statistically significant difference PEF, VC in pulmonary function(p<.05). Circuit training group was statistically significant difference FEV1/FVC of between the two group in pulmonary function(p<.05). Circuit training group and circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism group was statistically significant difference in chest expansion(p<0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference of between the two group in chest expansion(p>.05).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of scapular exercise and Kinesio taping of upper trapezius muscle on grip strength. Method: Subjects were consists of 15 males and 15 females who had disorder of upper extremity. The period of this study is 3 weeks (August 8-26, 2011). We had divided 3 groups, control group, Kinesio taping group, scapluar setting exercise (SSE) group. Results: Grip strength of control group was not significant difference (p>.05). Grip strength of Kinesio taping group was significant difference (p<.05). Grip strength of SSE group was significant difference (p<.05). Grip strength of control group, Kinesio taping group, SSE group were significant difference (p<.05). Conclusion: Kinesio taping group and SSE group are applying on upper trapezius. Both of two groups increased grip strength and was significant difference. Applying Kinesio taping on the upper trapezius and applying SSE on trapezius are effected on the grip strength.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study is balanced exercise program according to the supporting surface any affect women's ability to balance high heels. Methods : This study subjects were normal 20 females in their twenties. They were divided into stable supporting surface(n=10), unstable supporting surface(n=10), and they exercised three times a week for 5 weeks. In order to compare the difference of balance, the subjects were measured before and after training. Balance was examined using the balance master 7.0 version systems. Results : 1. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of unstable surface group on the FORM-EO and FORM EC of MCTSIB and all of Unilateral Stance variables. 2. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of stable surface group on the mean EPE, mean MXE, and mean DCL of LOS. 3. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of unstable surface group of the rhythmic weight shift. 4. There was significant difference value in the slow directional control of rhythmic weight shift between groups after exercise. Conclusion : Training on stable supporting surface group and unstable supporting surface group improve balance.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

This study was designed to evaluate the anti hypercholesterolemic effect in either soybean oil or lard containing hypercholesterol diet in rats. Rats were fed, ad libitum, for 5 weeks with diets containing 0, 5, 10% of L.edodes in either soybean oil or lard with 1% exogenous cholesterol. Forty-two male sprague-dawley rats weighing 71.6$\pm$8.1g were divided into 6 groups. The results of this study were summairzed as follows: 1. Weight gain, total feed intake, feed intake efficiency ratio, total calorie intake and calorie efficiency ratio during five weeks showed significant difference among groups. The lowest value was found in soybean oil ＋ L.edodes-free group and the highest value was found in lard ＋ L.edodes-free group. The weight of organs were significantly higher in lard groups than soybean oil groups. 2. The contents of serum triglyceride showed significant difference kinds of lipids. It tended to be lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. It was difference with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. The contents of total serum cholesterol showed significant difference by kinds of lipids, it was lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. But it was not differ with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. 3. The contents of total liver cholesterol showed no difference kinds of lipids. And it was lower in soybean oil groups than lard groups. This result showed that the soybean oil decreased the contents of total liver cholesterol.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the muscle activations between the professional golfers without low back pain symptom and the professional golfers with low back pain symptom, and so identify the stress related to golf swings, and provide the basic data to minimize the low back pain and the injury risk. Using surface electrode electromyography, we evaluated muscle activity in 6 male professional golfers during the golf drive swing. Surface electrodes were used to record the level of muscle activity in the Abdominal Oblique, Elector Spinae, Rectus Abdominis, Gluteus Maximus muscles during the golfer's swing. These signals were compared with %RVC(Reference voluntary contraction) which was normalized by IEMG(Integrated EMG). The golf swing was divided into five phases: take away, forward swing, acceleration, early follow through, late follow through. we observed patterns of trunk muscle activity throughout five phases of the golf swing. The results can be summarized as follows: RES(Right Elector Spinae) had statistically significant difference in take away phase, LGM(Left Gluteus Maximus), LRA(Left Rectus Abdominis), LOA(Left Oblique Abdominal) had statistically significant difference in forward swing phase, RES(Right Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus), ROA(Right Oblique Abdominal) had statistically significant difference in acceleration phase, RES(Right Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus) had statistically significant difference in early follow-through phase, LES(Left Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus) had statistically significant difference in late follow through phase.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 1989

This investigation was performed to evaluate the effect of four different preteatment techniques on the bond strength of porcelain to non-precious metal alloy. Samples of total of 40 were divided into 4 groups according to the 4 variables which included the 50$\mu$alumina oxide air abrasion, method, the as retention bead method, the L-retention bead method, the Etching method. The completed metal-porcelain samples were compressed in Instron loading machine until gross fracture occured to examine the effect of the complex variables on the bond strength of porcelain to non precious metal alloy. The result obtained were as follows : 1. The difference of bond strength according to four different pretreatment techniques was statistically significant(p<0.01). 2. The difference of bond strength between the ss-retention bead method and the L-retention bead method was not significant statistically(p>0.05) 3. The difference of bond strength between the retention bead method and the etching method was statistically significant(p<0.01). 4. The difference of bond strength between the retention bead method and the 50$\mu$alumina oxide air abrasion method was statistically significant(p<0.01). 5. The difference of bond strength between the etching method and the 50$\mu$alumina oxide air abrasion method was statistically significant(p<0.01).

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2021

The electroluminescence (EL) intensities of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are estimated based on their photoluminescence (PL) properties. The PL intensity obtained under open-circuit conditions is divided into two parts: the PL intensity under a forward bias lower than the optical turn-on voltage, and the difference between the PL intensities under open-circuit conditions and under forward bias. The luminescence induced by photoexcitation under a constant forward bias lower than the optical turn-on voltage is primarily the PL from the excited area of the LED. In contrast the intensity difference, obtained by subtracting the PL intensity under the forward bias from that under open-circuit conditions, contains the EL induced by the photocarriers generated during photoexcitation. In addition, a reverse photocurrent is generated during photoexcitation under constant forward bias across the LED, and can be correlated with the PL-intensity difference. The relationship between the photocurrent and PL-intensity difference matches well the relationship between the injection current and EL intensity of LEDs. The ratio between the photocurrent generated under a bias and the short-circuit current is related to the ratio between the PL-intensity difference and the PL intensity under open-circuit conditions. A relational expression consisting of the ratios, short-circuit current, and PL under open-circuit conditions is proposed to estimate the EL intensity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2098-2114
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• 2021

Light intensity variation is one of the key factors which affect the accuracy of vehicle face re-identification, so in order to improve the robustness of vehicle face features to light intensity variation, a Nonnegative Matrix Factorization model with the constraint of image acquisition time difference is proposed. First, the original features vectors of all pairs of positive samples which are used for training are placed in two original feature matrices respectively, where the same columns of the two matrices represent the same vehicle; Then, the new features obtained after decomposition are divided into stable and variable features proportionally, where the constraints of intra-class similarity and inter-class difference are imposed on the stable feature, and the constraint of image acquisition time difference is imposed on the variable feature; At last, vehicle face matching is achieved through calculating the cosine distance of stable features. Experimental results show that the average False Reject Rate and the average False Accept Rate of the proposed algorithm can be reduced to 0.14 and 0.11 respectively on five different datasets, and even sometimes under the large difference of light intensities, the vehicle face image can be still recognized accurately, which verifies that the extracted features have good robustness to light variation.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2197-2202
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• 2020

Background: If there is a difference in leg length, the center of gravity shifts unilaterally toward the short leg, causing loss of balance and secondary postural imbalance, trunk muscle tone changes, gait abnormalities and pelvic imbalance. Objectives: To investigate effects of self exercise program on leg length, balance in adults with leg-length discrepancy. Design: Single blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-eight participants were selected and divided into resistance exercise, flexibility exercise, and core exercise. Each exercise was performed for 40 minutes, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Leg length and balance before and after exercise were measured and analyzed. Results: Following the interventions, resistance exercise group showed significant improvement in balance, but leg length difference did not show significant results. Flexibility exercise group showed significant improvement in leg length difference, but balance did not show significant results. Core exercise group showed significant improvement in leg length difference and balance. There was no significant difference in the comparison between the three groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that customized exercise according to the patient's level is beneficial to the patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction bridge exercise on leg muscle thickness and balance. In addition, it is to promote blood flow restriction exercise as the basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcopenia in clinical practice. Methods: Twenty elderly women aged 65 years or older were selected to participate in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10: one with blood flow restriction with bridge exercise (BFRG) and the other with bridge exercise alone (BG). As for the exercise method, the thickness of rectus femoris and vastus medialis and Berg balance scale were investigated by intervention for 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was significant difference in the thickness of the rectus femoris and vastus medial and within-group changes in the Berg balance scale (p <0.05) before and after the experiment in the BFRG and BG groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in change between the two groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the intragroup change of the Berg balance scale in the BFRG before and after the experiment, but there was no significant difference in the BG, and there was no significant difference in the change between the two groups.