• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2010

We report the preparation and characterization of a new and water soluble complex of palladium(II) with 1,10- phenanthroline and butyldithiocarbamate ligands. This compound has been studied through spectroscopic techniques, $^1H$ NMR, IR, electronic spectra and elemental analysis and conductivity measurements. The complex shows 50% cytotoxic concentration ($Ic_{50}$) value against chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562, much lower than that of cisplatin. Thus the mode of binding of this complex to calf thymus DNA have been extensively investigated by isothermal titration UV-visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence, gel filteration and other methods. UV-visible studies show that the complex exhibits cooperative binding with DNA and remarkably denatures the DNA at extremely low concentration ($~13\;{\mu}M$). Fluorescence studies indicate that the complex intercalate into DNA. Gel filtration studies suggest that the binding of Pd(II) complex with DNA is strong enough that it does not readily break. In these interaction studies, several thermodynamic and binding parameters are also determined which may reflect the mechanism of action of this type of compound with DNA.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.76-88
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate contents of nitrosamine precursors such as trite and dimethylamine( DMA ) in some foods. The diazo and Cu- dithiocarbamate melt were used for determination, respectively. The major affecting factors of Nnitrosodimethylamine( NDMA ) formation such as pH, contents of DMA and NaNO$_{2}$, other chemicals, and UV- ray in beverage were investigated in vitro. The contents of nitrite in meat sausage and meat ham were 6.44 ∼ 18.66ppm and 12.85- 39.95pp% respectively, And extremely low level was detected in a certain kind of fish sausage. The contents of DMA in meat sausage meat ham and fish sausage were 3.34∼15. 85ppm, 1.20∼7.10ppm and 7.38∼12.28ppm, respectively. The optimum pH for NDMA formation in vitro was 3.0. NDMA formation was rapidly occurred at high temperature and formed above 80% within 1 hour reaction. The formation of NDMA was increased in proportion to the concentration of DMA and the square of the nitrite concentration. 0.1 M of sodium citrate, sodium tartarated and sodium taiocyanate enhanced NDMA formation. But sodium chloride did not affect. However, 0.3M of ascorbic acid, erythroid acid, ascorbic, palmitate and propy, gallate inhibited NDMA formalion approximately 78%,81%,86% and 85%, respectively. Cow milk and soybean milk inhibited 35 ∼47% of NDMA formation but orange juice and apple juice enhanced 15 ∼64% of NDMA formation. The peak in HPLC for NDMA disappeared by irradiation of UV to prior formed NDMA This result suggest that NDMA was destroyed by UV irradiation.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1989년도 제10회 학술강연회초록집
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• pp.41-58
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• 1989

현재 자동차엔진유를 비롯한 각종윤활유에 마찰마모방지제 및 산화방지제로 사용되고 있는 유용성 몰리부덴계 화합물은 윤활제의 첨가제로서 주목받고 있다. 이와 같은 유용성 몰리부덴계 화합물은 윤활제의 첨가제로서 마찰부분의 고온에 의해 열분해함으 2 유화몰리부덴($MoS_2$)을 생성하기 위해서 합성한 것이다. $MoS_2$는 마찰마모 감소제로서 잘 알려져 있지만 고체이기 때문에 마찰면에 COATING 하거나 윤활유에 분산시켜 사용하고 있다. 그러나 윤활유에 분산시키는 것과 마찰면에 흡착시키는 것과는 계면화학적 반대현상이므로 문제가 발생하게 된다. 그러므로 윤활유중에 안정한 분산계를 만들어 사용시에는 비교적 안정한 COLLOID 계가 파손되지 않아야 한다. 그러나 열가학적으로 불안정한 COLLOID 계를 유지하기는 어려운 문제이다. 그러므로 유용성인 몰리부덴계 화합물을 윤활유에 용해시켜 열적 혹은 TRIBOCHEMICAL 적으로 분해해 줌으로서 마찰표면에 $MoS_2$의 생성이 필요하다. 이와같은 목적으로 개발된 유용성 몰리부덴화합물은 마찰마모감소작용 및 산화방지작용의 메카니즘에 관해서는 불투명한 점이 많다. 본 논문은 유용성 몰리부덴계 화합물중 Molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate (이후 MoDTC로 명함)를 윤활유 첨가제로 사용해 마찰실험을 통하여 마찰감소작용의 메카니즘을 해명하고, 특히 마찰표면에 생성될 $MoS_2$막의 효과에 관해 중점을 두고 분위기의 효과로 부터 MoDTC의 마찰감소작용의 인자에 대한 고찰을 행하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2019

Disulfiram (DSF) is a member of the dithiocarbamate family that can bind copper. Recent studies have shown that DSF has anti-cancer activities, but the mechanism has not been clarified. Therefore, it is important to study the action mechanism of DSF to maximize its anticancer effects. A human leukemia cell line, HL-60, was used in this study. HL-60 cells were treated with DSF and the cellular metabolic activity was measured. DSF increased the cell death of HL-60 cells in annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining analysis. In addition, DSF decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of the HL-60 cells. The cytotoxicity of DSF on HL-60 cells was observed at 0.4 μM. Interestingly, the reduction of MMP by DSF was recovered by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This suggests that the decrease in MMP by DSF is closely related to the production of ROS in HL-60 cells, which indicates the relationship between the apoptosis of HL-60 cells by DSF and the role of the mitochondria. This study provides clinicians and researchers with valuable information regarding the anti-cancer activity of DSF in terms of the action mechanism.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2000

Using murine immortalized microglial cells (BV-2), we examined the regulation of RANTES production stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), focusing on the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B.$ The result showed that RANTES (regulated upon activation of normal T cell expressed and secreted) was induced at the mRNA and protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner in response to LPS. From investigations of second messenger pathways involved in regulating the secretion of RANTES, we found that LPS induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), p38 MAPK and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and activated $(NF)-{\kappa}B.$ To determine whether this MAPK phosphorylation is involved in LPS-stimulated RANTES production, we used specific inhibitors for p38 MAPK and Erk, SB 203580 and PD 98059, respectively. LPS-induced RANTES production was reduced approximately 80% at $25\;{\mu}M$ of SB 203580 treatment. But PD 98059 did not affect RANTES production. Pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate (PDTC), $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor, reduced RANTES secretion. These results suggest that LPS-induced RANTES production in microglial cells (BV-2) is mainly mediated by the coordination of p38 MAPK and $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ cascade.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2004

Background: LIGHT (TNFSF14) is a member of tumor necrosis factor superfamily and is the ligand for TR2 (TNFRSF14/HVEM). LIGHT is known to have proinflammatory roles in atherosclerosis. Methods: To find out the expression pattern of LIGHT in atherosclerotic plaques, immunohistochemical analysis was performed on human carotid atherosclerotic plaque specimens. LIGHT induced atherogenic events using human monocytic cell line THP-1 were also investigated. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed expression of LIGHT and TR2 in foam cell rich regions in the atherosclerotic plaques. Double immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the expression of LIGHT in foam cells. Stimulation of THP-1 cells, which express TR2, with either recombinant LIGHT or immobilized anti-TR2 monoclonal antibody induced interleukin-8 and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated that LIGHT induces nuclear localization of transcription factor, nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$. LIGHT induced activation of MMP-9 is mediated by $NF-{\kappa}B$, since treatment of THP-1 cells with the $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor PDTC (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate) completely blocked the activation of MMP-9. Conclusion: These data indicate that LIGHT is expressed in foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques and is involved in atherogenesis through activation of pro-atherogenic cytokine IL-8 and destabilization of plaque by inducing matrix degrading enzyme.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2017

Cholera toxin (CT) is an ADP-ribosylating bacterial exotoxin that has been used as an adjuvant in animal studies of oral immunization. The mechanisms of mucosal immunogenicity and adjuvanticity of CT remain to be established. In this study, we investigated the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which participates in the induction of immune tolerance, in CT-mediated breakdown of oral tolerance. When IDO-deficient ($IDO^{-/-}$) mice and their littermates were given oral ovalbumin, significant changes in antibody responses, footpad swelling and $CD4^+$ T cell proliferation were not observed in $IDO^{-/-}$ mice. Feeding of CT decreased IDO expression in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patch (PP). CT-induced downregulation of IDO expression was reversed by inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and p50 small interfering RNA. IDO expression was downregulated by the NF-${\kappa}B$ inducers lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$. CT dampened IDO activity and mRNA expression in dendritic cells from MLN and PP. These data indicate that CT disrupts oral tolerance by activating NF-${\kappa}B$, which in turn downregulates IDO expression. This study betters the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying CT-mediated abrogation of oral tolerance.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2379-2383
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate possible signal pathway involvement in multi-drug resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression induced by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line stimulated with pacliaxel (TAX). Methods: The effects of TAX on SGC7901 cell growth with different doses was assessed by MTT assay, along with the effects of the COX-2 selective inhibitor NS-398 and the nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB) pathway inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Influence on COX-2, NF-KB p65 and P-gp expression was determined by Western blotting. Results: TAX, NS-398 and PDTC all reduced SGC7901 growth, with dosedependence. With increasing dose of TAX, the expression of COX-2, p65 and P-gp showed rising trends, this being reversed by NS-398. PDTC also caused decrease in expression of p65 and P-gp over time. Conclusion: COX-2 may induce the expression of P-gp in SGC7901 cell line via the NF-kappa B pathway with pacliaxel stimulation.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.454-462
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• 1975

금속의 착물을 첨가제로 사용하여 햇빛에 의한 고분자 물질의 분해를 빠르게 하고자 하였다. 첨가제는 햇빛의 자외선에 의해 들뜬상태가 되어 공기중의 산소를 들뜬 단일상태로 만들어 준다. 들뜬 산소는 고분자의 골격에 카르보닐기나 히드록실기와 같은 작용기를 만들어 주며 동시에 골격을 끊어준다. 이러한 작용기는 미생물에 의해 공격받기 쉬우므로 고분자물질은 점점 저분자 물질로 되어 분해된다 적외선 스펙트럼으로 이러한 작용기들의 생성을 측정하였으며, 점성도의 측정과 비교하여 이러한 기들의 생성이 분자량의 감소와 비례함을 알았다. 첨가제의 종류를 바꾸어 가며 그 효과를 비교함으로써 350${\sim}$400nm의 자외선에서 센 charge-transfer band를 가지는 금속착물이 효과가 좋으며 특히 철의 디티오카르밤산 착물과 그와 유사한 구조의 착물이 좋은 효과를 보여줌을 알았다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.717-722
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• 1993

물에서 [PtCl$_4$]^{2-}$의 백금(II)에 결합된 클로로리간드를 디티오카바메이트로 치환시켜 [Pt(A)], [Pt(B)$_2$]Cl$_2$, [Pt(C)$_2$] 및 [Pt(D)(CH$_2$=CH$_2$)Cl]Cl를 합성하였다. 백금 착물은 원소분석, 적외선 및 자외선-가시광선 스펙트럼과 전도도 측정을 하여 이들의 성질을 조사하였따. 이들 백금(II)의 디티오카바메이트류 착물은 물, 알코올, 디메틸술폭시드 및 티메틸포름아미드와 같은 극성용매에 잘 녹았다. 이들 백금(II) 착물의 원소분석과 물리적 측정결과에서부터 그 가능한 구조를 제시하였다.