• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.423-427
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• 2005

The bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (Cyanex-272) and sodium diethyl- dithiocarbamate (NaDDC) ligands were used to extract of metal ions ($Cd^{2+},\;Co^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Pb^{2+},\;Zn^{2+}$) in supercritical $CO_2$. Experiments showed a strong synergistic effect and better extraction efficiency if the two ligands were used together. In-situ UV-visible observation indicates that NaDDC in the water/supercritical $CO_2$ started to decompose slowly. The synergistic effect seems to come from the deprotonation of the organophosphorus ligand by amines from the decomposed NaDDC. The enhancing role of amines was confirmed using the mixture of Cyanex-272 and diethylamine(DEA) in the metal extraction.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.164-166
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• 1990

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2005

마우스 대식세포주인 RAW264.7 세포에서 곽향(Agastache rugosa)을 포함한 21종의 한약재에서 제조한 열수추출물의 NO생산에 대한 조절효과를 조사하였다. 모든 한약재 추출물은 LPS자극으로 생산된 NO에 대하여 뚜렷한 소거활성을 보이지 않았으나, LPS 무처리 조건에서 곽향이 RAW264.7 세포의 NO생산을 강력하게 유도하였다. $200{\mu}M$의 NOS2의 저해제인 $N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine(N^GMMA$)의 처리에 의하여 곽향이 유도하는 NO 생산은 유의적으로 감소되었다. 또한 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 저해제인 pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC)의 처리로 NO 생산이 $100{\mu}M$에서 약 79%까지 감소하였다. 이상의 실험 결과는 곽향 열수추출물이 RAW264.7 세포의 NOS2 발현의 이차적인 세포 내 신호를 발생시킬 수 있으며, NO는 L-arginine 의존적 경로에 의하여 생성된다는 사실을 시사하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.46-54
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• 1993

This study was carried out on the stabilized/solidified treatment for the reducing leachability of hazardous heavy metals copper, lead, chromium and cadmium in the hazardous sludge which treated to be unleached heavy metals by sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate. Cement matrix was analyzed for the leachability of 24 hrs and dynamic leaching test, structure and the optimum condition for the stabilization and solidification of the hazardous sludge. In 28 days of curing time the unconfined compressive strength was 21.5 kg/cm$^2$ at the ratio of portland cement (0.5)+fly ash (0.25) and 23.5 kg/cmz at the ratio of portland cement (0.5)+fly ash (0.25) + cake (0.25). High concentration of Pb, Cr and Cd in the sea water and Cu in the distilled water were leached at the dynamic leaching test. The concentration of leaching heavy metals for specimens which were tested 24 hrs were found low leachability with decreasing pH of leachant. According to dynamic leaching test, the low level of copper, lead, cadmium and chromium were leached in the cement matrix with sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate. But the effective diffusion coefficient of unleached cement matrix which was treated sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate was decreased above 2 times than that of cement matrix. The relation of leachant renewal period (Y) and cumulative fraction ion leached (X) was the following regression equations. Solidification with unleached agent. Y$_{Cu}$ = 1413752X + 247, Y$_{Pb}$ = 223501IX + 214, Y$_{Cr}$ = 8310601X - 472, Y$_{Cd}$ = 168787X + 1061 The structure of' solidified matrix with X-ray diffraction analysis was composed more Ca(OH)$_2$, Si, Mg(OH)$_2$ and Al in the unleached cement matrix than those in cement matrix.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2014

Testicular torsion results with the damage of the testis and it is a surgical emergency. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a low-molecular-weight antioxidant and potent inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) activation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PDTC to testicular torsion-detorsion (T/D) injury. Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into four groups. A sham operation was performed in group I. In group II, torsion is performed 2 hours by 720 degree extravaginally testis. In group III, 4 h reperfusion of the testis was performed after 2 h of testicular torsion. In group IV, after performing the same surgical procedures as in group III, PDTC (100 mg/kg, intravenous's) was administered before 30 min of detorsion. The testes tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalase (CAT) level was evaluated. Histological evaluations were performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining. Testicular tissue MDA levels were the highest in the T/D groups compared with treatment group. Administration of PDTC prevented a further increase in MDA levels. Significant decrease occurred in CAT and SOD levels in treatment group compared with the control group. The rats in the treatment group had normal testicular architecture. The results suggest that PDTC can be a potential protective agent for preventing the biochemical and histological changes related to oxidative stress in testicular injury caused by testis torsion.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Dithiocarbamate fungicide propineb can be analyzed quantitatively by derivatization reaction followed by HPLC/UVD, which has high reproducibility and stability. However, the presence of high protein in soybeans and peas affects the derivatization process resulting in extremely low recoveries. Therefore, this study was conducted to improve the analytical method for analysis of propineb in soybeans and peas by applying a deproteinization process using chloroform-gel method. METHODS AND RESULTS: The deproteinization process was carried out up to 6 times for soybeans and 5 times for peas using 50 mL chloroform. After 4 times of deproteinization process followed by a derivatization reaction with methyl iodide, the recovery yields of propineb in both pulses were >90%. However, the recovery yield tended to decrease when the deproteinization process was performed more than 5 times. The method limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.04 mg/L. The recovery conducted in triplicate at 10 times and 50 times of the LOQ ranged from 87.2 to 95.0 % with a coefficient of variation <10%. CONCLUSION(S): This study confirmed that 4 times of deproteinization process using the chloroform-gel method was effective when derivatizing and analyzing dithiocarbamate fungicides in pulses with high protein content. However, depending on the initial protein content present in the pulses, there was a difference in the recovery: the lower the protein content, the higher the recovery rate of propineb. It is expected that the method proposed in this study could be applied to remove high content of protein as analytical interference substance from agricultural samples.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.321-334
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• 1995

흔적량 금속이온인 Co(II), Ni(II) 및 Cu(II)의 ammonium pyrrolidine dlthiocarba-mate(APDC) 착물을 용매추출하기 위한 기초적인 연구를 수행하였다. 킬레이트제인 $4{\times}10^{-5}M$ APDC의 클로로포름에 대한 추출에서 가장 큰 분포비 (log D=1.3543)는 pH 2.0에서 나타났으며, 이때 분배계수($K_{p.HPDC}$)는 2.489였다. 수용액과 유기용매층에서 이들 착물의 UV/Vis 스펙트럼을 얻었는데, 안정한 착물을 형성하는 pH는 각각 Co(II):5.0, Ni(II):8.0 및 Cu(II):8.0이었고 금속이온과 APDC는 1:2의 착물을 형성하였으며, 1분만 흔들어 주어도 정량적으로 유기층에 분배되었다. 유기용매로의 분배 및 추출평형을 조사하기 위하여, $M(PDC)_2$ 착물을 합성하여 클로로포름에 $10.0{\mu}g/ml$가 되게 녹이고, HCl 용액과 NaOH 용액으로 pH를 조절한 수용액으로 역추출을 하였다. 분포비와 추출률은 $Co(PDC)_2$의 경우 PH6.5~8.5에서 log D=2.834 : E(%)=99.a%9 $Ni( PDC)_2$는 pH 11.0에서 log D=5.699 : E(%)=100%, 그리고 $Cu(PDC)_2$는 pH 6.0에서 log D=2.025 : E(%)=99.1%의 최대값을 나타내었다. 추출상수와 착물의 생성상수는 각각 $Co(PDC)_2$는 log $K_{ex}=9.671$ : log ${\beta}_2=6.938$, $Ni(PDC)_2$는 log $K_{ex}=9.646$ : log ${\beta}_2=7.071$, $Cu(PDC)_2$는 log $K_{ex}=9.074$ : log ${\beta}_2=7.049$였다. 이런 결과들로부터 흔적량 금속이온을 분리 농축하는 최적의 추출과정을 작성할 수 있으며, 정밀소재 및 환경시료 등에서 매트릭스의 영향없이 정량할 수 있음이 기대된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.452-459
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• 1990

일련의 산소 및 황 가교결합의 이핵 몰리브덴(V) 착물, Mo$_2$O$_4$L$_2$, Mo$_2$O$_3$L$_4$, Mo$_2$O$_2$S$_2$L$_2$, 그리고 Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$, L = bis(hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate을 합성하였다. 말단과 가교의 산소결합 착물은 수용액에서 (PyH)$_2$MoOCl$_5$ 혹은 MoCl$_5$와 리간드의 반응으로부터 합성되었고, Mo$_2$O$_4^{2+}$핵에서 산소가 황으로 치환된 착물, Mo$_2$O$_2$S$_2$L$_2$은 Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$의 클로로포름 용액에 트리페닐포스핀을 가하므로 합성되었다. 한편, Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$착물은 sodium dithionite 존재하에서 (NH$_4$)$_2$MoS$_4$와 리간드의 수용액으로부터 얻어졌다. 합성한 착물에 대한 원소분석과 ir, uv-vis, nmr, 그리고 mass 스펙트라에 의한 착물의 분광학적 성질을 조사하였다. 또한 디메틸술폭시드 용액에서 이들 착물의 전기화학적 성질을 순환전압-전류법으로 조사하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.492-500
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• 1996

Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(APDC)를 착화제로 사용하여 해수중 흔적량 비스무트, 카드뮴, 인듐을 동시에 용매추출하여 정량하는 방법을 연구하였다. 최적조건을 찾기위하여, 시료용액의 pH, 착화제의 양, 흔들어주는 시간, 유기용매의 종류 등에 대하여 조사하였고 역추출효율도 검토하였다. 해수시료 200mL를 취하여, pH를 4.0으로 조정하고 1% APDC 5.0mL를 첨가하고, MIBK 10.0mL로 35분 동안 흔들어 추출한다. 그리고 0.05M 수산화나트륨용액 10mL로 유기층의 HPDC를 세척한다. 유기층을 150.mu.g/mL Pd(II)를 포함하는 4M 질산으로 5분동안 흔들어 분석원소를 역추출한다. 팔라윰이 포함된 4M질산은 역추출효율을 증가시키고 흡광도 측정에서 매트릭스를 개선하여 감도를 증가시켰다. 바탕 흡광도에 대한 표준편차의 3배에 해당하는 농도로서의 검출한계는 Bi(III) :0.038, Cd(II) : 0.0057, In(III) : 0.023 ng/mL이었다. 동해 시료2 가지를 취하여 본방법으로 정량한 결과 Bi(III), In(III)은 검출한계 이하였고, Cd(II)는 0.018과 0.016 ng/mL이었다. 해수시료에 일정량 원소를 가해서 구한 회수율은 모두 90% 이상으로 아칼리금속 매트릭스에서 흔적량 원소의 동시분석에 이 방법이 응용될수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.2762-2764
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• 2009