• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.459-464
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• 2009

This study was conducted to find the relationship between the moisture content and basic density of green lumber and the final moisture content of kiln dried lumber. The possibility of using a ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology was investigated. Four matched 2-foot long boards were kiln-dried for 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. Twenty three slices were cut to examine the distribution of moisture content along the length. It was revealed that the green weight was a better estimator of the final moisture content of the kiln-dried board than the green moisture content. The standard deviations of the moisture contents of the slices were not correlated with the final moisture contents of the kiln-dried boards. The two ultrasonic devices used for this study were apparently good tools for NDT.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2009

For the search of unified law of moisture movement in wood, moisture distribution of Korean red pine at non-steady state was investigated. We assume that the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in wood depends on only temperature and relative humidity, it can be control in temperature and humidity chamber. If temperature is constant and humidity or vapor pressure is changed with sin curve shape at adequate cycles, EMC in chamber can be changed as well with sin-curve shape. The setup condition of a non-steady state in humidity control chambers is a constant temperature at $20^{\circ}C$ and 15+10 sin ${\omega}t$ percent EMC. It can be found that the distribution of moisture in the specimen with varying relative humidity are illustrated various types. Moisture in wood is complicated and vibrates with the moisture sorption process. Considering a unified law of moisture movement in wood, it is considered that the most important fact is to search the method of precise diffusion & transfer coefficients.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.932-941
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• 1993

High moisture content of barley seeds, which were carried to the laboratory within 10 minutes after harvest, were stored in air tight bottle at constant temperature, and the individual moisture contents the grains were measured at predecided tim intervals. The theory of predicting the moisture movement between two kinds of different moisture content grains was tried to apply to the prediction of the moisture distribution and tried to apply to the prediction of the moisture distribution and the comparison of the predicted values with the observed dta showed the good suitability of the theory. The shape of the moisture distribution predicted form the theory were similar to the observed ones for the temperature range of 10 to $50^{\circ}C$. This study will be useful in designing the mix-storage facility or dryer.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2008

This study was carried out to provide the so-called circumferential slicing method for investigating radial distributions of the tangential strains and of moisture contents within the log cross section (LC) of Kalopanax pictus during indoor drying it. While the heartwood showed an almost uniform moisture content distribution in the range of about 50~55% in case of the green wood, it has gradually decreased toward the outer side, showing about 19% of moisture content difference from the innermost slice. Although the moisture gradient along the radial direction has gradually become gentle as drying progresses, the sapwood of the outer side represented the moisture contents below the fiber saturation point after 24 hours of drying while the heartwood in the inner part showed the moisture contents higher than the fiber saturation point. The pith side was laid under the tensile stress after 24 hours of drying, and then gradually decreasing toward the bark side, and showed the distribution being switched again to the tensile stress on the bark side. As the drying has progressed, this trend got more intensified, and finally showed the U-shaped distribution model after 48 hours of drying. The circumferential slice test is considered to be suitable in quantitatively determining the tangential strains and moisture content within a LC.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.762-771
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• 2017

Predicting the amount and distribution of moisture content within wood allows calculating the various mechanical dynamics of the wood as well as determining the drying time. For boxed-heart wood with a large cross-section, since it is difficult to measure the moisture content of the interior, it is necessary to predict the moisture content distribution. This study predicted the moisture movement in boxed-heart red pine timber, during high temperature drying, by using the three-dimensional finite difference method for the efficient drying process. During drying for 72 h, the predicted and actual moisture content of the tested wood tended to decrease at a similar rate. In contrast, the actual moisture content at 196 and 240 h was lower than predicted because surface checking of the wood occurred from 72 h and excessive water emission was unexpectedly occurred from the checked and splitted surface.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 1992

일반적으로 콘크리트 내부의 수분은 주로 중심부에 분포되어 있으며, 노출된 콘크리트의 표면은 주위의 온습도영향에 따라 건조하게 된다. 이에 따라 동일 부재내에서도 부위에 따라 함수율이 달라지게 된다. 이는 콘크리트의 내부공극에 존재하고 있는 수분의 증발과 이동으로 인하여 함수상태가 달라지기 때문이다. 이와 같이 콘크리트의 함수상태변화로 인하여 압축강도, 탄성계수, 용적변화등의 제성상이 각 부위에 따라 달라질 것으로 예상된다. 따라서, 콘크리트의 함수상태에 따른 콘크리트의 제성상을 명확히 파악함은 매우 중요하다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트의 함수상태와 역학적 성상을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 콘크리트의 함수량이 증가할수록 압축강도와 인장강도는 감소하나, 탄성계수는 증가한다. 본 연구에서 실험을 통하여 이와 같은 콘크리트의 성상과 함수상태와의 상관관계를 밝혔다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2005

Determination of safety factor of corrugated fiberboard boxes used for agricultural products is very complicated process due to nature of living products. Moisture content is one of the most critical factors to determine overall physical strength of paper, so its influences on strength properties of corrugated board made from different raw materials must be quantified. The results obtained from the study were summarized as follows; 1. Results show a detrimental effect on bursting strength and compressive strength of liners with increasing relative humidity of environment and moisture content of liners. 2. The relevance of equilibrium moisture content at varying relative humidity levels was proved and its relationship was used as an important factor to estimate box compression strength. 3. Test results was statistically used for establish the relationship between relative humidity and moisture content of liners. Estimated compression strength of boxes at varying moisture content was similar to results of theoretical equations such as Kellicutt's. Further study could be carried out in order to determine a optimum safety factors of various corrugated board boxes for agricultural products.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

국산 소나무 간벌재를 이용한 수심 정각새(단면치수 $150{\times}150mm$)의 안전하고 신속한 건조를 위하여 열풍건조와 마이크로파건조중 수심 정각새의 함수율 분포와 그 변이를 3차원적으로 탐색하였다. 실험결과 마이크로파건조를 통하여 72시간 이내에 함수율 10% 미만까지 건조가 가능하였고 표면할열 발생도 최소화할 수 있었다. 건조 중 함수율 분포는 마이크로파건조의 경우 초기함수율 분포에 영향을 크게 받았다. 그러나 열기건조의 경우 초기함수율 분포가 건조초기에만 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제10권
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• pp.41-47
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• 1992

목재투습성에 관하여 다음과 같은 결과가 밝혀졌다. 1) 시편두께 0mm에 외삽한 투습저항값이 정(正)이므로 목재표면에서의 수분전달현상을 고려함이 인정되었다. 2) 목재내부의 함수율분포는 함수율 9%를 경계로 두 개의 직선으로 나타났다. 또 시편양측의 공기중 평형함수율이 9%이상일 때는 한 개의 직선으로 나타났다. 수분확산계수는 함수율 9%를 경계로 두 개의 일정한 값을 가지며, 이 값들은 오직 함수율에만 관계한다. 4) 수분이동량은 목재내의 함수율구배에 의존한다. 4) 목재의 수분전달계수는 시편두께에 의존하였다. 이 현상의 기구에 대해서는 아직 알 수 없다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2000

투습조건이 다른 경우에 있어서, 목재의 두께를 동일하게 하여 목재내부의 함수율분포 및 함수율의존성을 조사하였다. 시험편은 소나무재로 직경 70mm, 두께 20mm 인 정목판재를 이용하였다. 실험은 JIS Z-0208규정에 의거하여 10가지 종류를 선정하여 실시하였다. 목재내 함수율분포는 함수율 10%위치를 경계로 두 개의 직선으로 나타났다. 한편, 10%보다 높거나 낮을때는 한 개의 직선으로 나타났다. 따라서 함수율 10%값은 목재나 실험조건과는 상관없이 나타나는 것으로 생각되었다. 10%는 수분흡착에너지가 변화하는 경계점으로 추정되었다. 전보에서 일정한 실험조건에서는 목재의 두께에 상관없이 일정한 값을 나타내었지만, 본 연구에서 확산계수는 실험조건에 따라 수분경사로 구한 확산계수는 목재함수율에 따라 다양하게 나타났다.