• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.157-169
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• 2013

Using a target detection task, this study compared the processing automaticity of phonemes and features in spoken syllable stimuli to determine the primitive representation in speech perception, phoneme or distinctive feature. For this, we modified the visual search task(Treisman et al., 1992) developed to investigate the processing of visual features(ex. color, shape or their conjunction) for auditory stimuli. In our task, the distinctive features(ex. aspiration or coronal) corresponded to visual primitive features(ex. color and shape), and the phonemes(ex. /$t^h$/) to visual conjunctive features(ex. colored shapes). The automaticity is measured by the set size effect that was the increasing amount of reaction time when the number of distracters increased. Three experiments were conducted. The laryngeal features(experiment 1), the manner features(experiment 2), and the place features(experiment 3) were compared with phonemes. The results showed that the distinctive features are consistently processed faster and automatically than the phonemes. Additionally there were differences in the processing automaticity among the classes of distinctive features. The laryngeal features are the most automatic, the manner features are moderately automatic and the place features are the least automatic. These results are consistent with the previous studies(Bae et al., 2002; Bae, 2010) that showed the perceptual hierarchy of distinctive features.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 2010

Using a speeded classification task (Garner, 1978), we investigated the perceptual interaction of distinctive features in Korean consonants. The main questions of this study were whether listeners can perceptually identify the component features that make up complex consonant sounds, whether these features are processed independently or dependently and whether there is a systematic hierarchy in their dependency. Participants were asked to classify syllables based on their difference in distinctive features in the task. Reaction times for this task were also gathered. For example, participants classified spoken syllables /ta/ and /pa/ as one category and /$t^ha$/ and /$p^ha$/ as another in terms of aspiration condition. In terms of articulation, participants classified /ta/ and /$t^ha$/ as one category and /pa/ and /$p^ha$/ as another. We assumed that the difference between their RTs represents their interdependency. We compared the laryngeal features and place features (Experiment 1), resonance features and place features (Experiment 2), and manner features and laryngeal features (Experiment 3). The results showed that distinctive features were not perceived in a completely independent way, but they had an asymmetric and hierarchical interdependency. The laryngeal features were found to be more independent compared to place and manner features. We discuss these results in the context of perceptual basis in phonology.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.2
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• pp.109-124
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• 1997

This paper shows how a distinctive feature model can effectively be implemented into speech understanding within the framework of the Optimality Theory(OT); i.e., to show how distinctive features can optimally be extracted from given speech signals, and how segments can be chosen as the optimal ones among plausible candidates. This paper will also show how the sequence of segments can successfully be matched with optimal words in a lexicon.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.585-594
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• 2003

Clinical observation on the diseases of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) comes to the conclusions as follows: Variation in Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) exists diversely with every man because man is a microcosmos resembling the great universe, 'Mother Nature'. If the patient has a distinctive features of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) in configuration, the diseas must be caused by the problems of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑). Distinctive features of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) can be recognized by the shape and color of face, ear, eye, mouth and nose. Distinctive features of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) should be examined preferentially when it comes to old people, children and persons who have past record of surgical operation on Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) organs.

• MALSORI
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• no.29_30
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• pp.43-60
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• 1995

Standard generative phonologists assumed that there were no orders or hierarchies among distinctive features. This means that the distinctive features which make up a segment are independent and unordered. The unordered linear matrix cannot explain phonological phenomena such as complex segments as hierarchical representation does neatly. The hierarchical feature representation theory which embodies the concept of multi-tiered phonological representation organizes distinctive features in the appearance of hierarchical dominance. This paper aims to show how we can solve some problems of the linear feature representation. As regard underlying representation the theory of underspecification is discussed. I propose a feature hierarchy similar to that of Sagey(1986) but slightly different. I show English consonantal assimilation in feature hierarchical model compared with that of feature changing theory of linear representation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2010

1D PCA utilized in the face appearance-based face recognition methods such as eigenface-based face recognition method may lead to less face representative power and more computational cost due to the resulting 1D face appearance data vector of high dimensionality. To resolve such problems of 1D PCA, 2D PCA-based face recognition methods had been developed. However, the face representation model obtained by direct application of 2D PCA to a face image set includes both face common features and face distinctive identity features. Face common features not only prevent face recognizability but also cause more computational cost. In this paper, we first develope a model of a face distinctive identity feature subspace separated from the effects of face common features in the face feature space obtained by application of 2D PCA analysis. Then, a novel robust face recognition based on the face distinctive identity feature subspace model is proposed. The proposed face recognition method based on the face distinctive identity feature subspace shows better performance than the conventional PCA-based methods (1D PCA-based one and 2D PCA-based one) with respect to recognition rate and processing time since it depends only on the face distinctive identity features. This is verified through various experiments using Yale A and IMM face database consisting of face images with various face poses under various illumination conditions.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.540-550
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• 2015

There have been many attempts to find knowledge from data using conventional statistics, data mining, artificial intelligence, machine learning and pattern recognition. In those research areas, knowledge is approached in two ways. Firstly, researchers discover knowledge represented in general features for universal recognition, and secondly, they discover exceptional and distinctive features. In process mining, an instance is sequential information bounded by case ID, known as process instance. Here, an exceptional process instance can cause a problem in the analysis and discovery algorithm. Hence, in this paper we develop a method to detect the knowledge of exceptional and distinctive features when performing process mining. We propose a method for anomaly detection named Distance-based Anomaly Process Instance Detection (DAPID) which utilizes distance between process instances. DAPID contributes to a discovery of distinctive characteristic of process instance. For verifying the suggested methodology, we discovered characteristics of exceptional situations from log data. Additionally, we experiment on real data from a domestic port terminal to demonstrate our proposed methodology.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.265-272
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• 1993

We present a new waveform detection method, based on the search of distinctive line-segments. The method is based on the basic assumption that the waveform morphology of biological signals is readily characterized by a sequence of the distinctive line-segments and their structural features. In this method, the distinctive line-segments are first searched for, and a structural feature analysis is performed an the distinctive line-segments found. Experiments of detecting epileptic spikes were carried out to evaluate the detection per formance of the method. Two subjects were used for training and tuning the algorithm and four subjects for testing the method. The results were obtained on two different performance indices, detection ratio and the number of false detections per minute.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1992 no.05
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• pp.121-122
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• 1992

We present a new EEG waveform detection method, based on the search of distinctive line-segments. The method is based on the assumption that EEG waveform morphology is characterized by a sequence of its distinctive line-segments and their structural features. In this method, the distinctive line segments are first searched for, and the structural feature analysis is performed on the found line-segment sequence. Experiments of detecting epileptic spikes are performed on four different subjects.

• MALSORI
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• no.29_30
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• pp.19-42
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• 1995

This paper deals with the current phonological theory named the elementary theory Before manipulating this theory with highest depth, we need to discuss the distinctive feature theory which can be estimated as playing a central role in the standard generative trends. En the element-based phonological theory, the followings might act as tile main traits in differentiating it from other theories: the notion of phonological opposition is regarded as privative one, treating the univalent element as an analysing unit in a phonological process instead of distinctive features, and the nile convention in standard theory is replaced by the element. In chapter 2, a brief history of generative theory is to be described with respect to the merits and demerits of the distinctive feature theory. In chapter 3, After dealing with the current tendency and some prominent aspects of each element theory, a couple of problems thought to be confronted by the distinctive feature theory And the analysing method taken from the element-based theory which may be regarded currently as the alternative to the problems mentioned above will be discussed mainly, The government-based theory introduced by KLV(1985, 1988) may be the main target in discussing the current topic.