• 한국패류학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

북방전복, Haliotis discus hannai의 3배체를 제온자극으로 유도하고 부화유생인 trochophore를 이용하여 염색체 표본을 만들었고, 유도된 3배체와 정상 2배체 북방전복은 실내 유수식의 동일 환경에서 51개월 동안 사육되었으며 채취된 혈구를 채취하여 DNA 함량 측정에 사용되었다. 2배체 및 유도된 3배체의 염색체 수를 조사한 결과, 2배체 염색체 수는 2n = 36으로 나타났고, 3배체의 경우에는 3n = 54로 나타나 3배체는 2배체에 비해 1.5배의 염색체 수를 나타내었다. Flow cytometry로 인간의 백혈구를 control로 하여 북방전복의 DNA 함량을 측정한 결과, 북방전복의 DNA 함량은 1.743 pg/cell이었으며 3배체 북방전복의 DNA함량은 2배체 전복의 1.49배의 DNA 함량을 나타내어 3배체 특성인 모계 2n DNA 함량과 부계 n DNA함량을 나타내었다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2013

Even though seedling production of Haliotis discus hannai has fully developed, the culture of benthic diatom as a live food for larvae is still a barrier to solve in commercial hatchery. The farmer depends on mixed microalgae which are non-selectively attached on the plate by flowing of natural seawater. The adequate diatom on the plate for the larvae in terms of quality and quantity is always significant bottleneck in the hatchery. In this study, two benthic diatom species, Caloneis schroederi and Rhaphoneis sp. were separately cultured in mass and inoculated to four tons' settlement tank of the larvae. And the larvae and the spats were cultured for nineteen and nine weeks, respectively. The result on seedling production of H. discus hannai with this method was compared to that of the farmer's traditional method as a control. With regard to variation of species composition of benthic diatom on the plate, C. schroederi and Rhaphoneis sp. were dominant for first three weeks after inoculation. But the diverse diatoms mainly, Navicula, Amphora, Cylindrotheca, Licmophora, Pleurosigma began to attache on the plate from the 4th week. The larvae attached 2.5 times more in C. schroederi tank than in the control tank. The final total biomass of the seeds in Rhaphoneis sp. tank was 3.2 times more than that of the control tank. The retared-spats in the seedling production also showed significantly higher growth and survival in the spat fed Rhaphoneis sp. or C. schroederi than those in the control group. We suggest that C. schroederi is proper for settlement of the larvae and Rhaphoneis sp. is appropriate for the growth of the larvae and spats in the commercial hatchery of H. discus hannai.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 1999

A growth trial was conducted to investigate the utilization of wheat germ meal as a protein source of formulated diet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). Four replicate groups of the abalone average weighing 150mg were fed one of four isonitrogenous (33%) and isolipidic (6%) diets containing 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% wheat germ meal for 18 weeks. In addition, these formulated diets were compared with commercial diet. Survival rate, weight gain, soft body weight , and shell growth of abalone fed diets containing 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% wheat germ meal were not different (P>0.05) from those of abalonn fed the control diet and commercial diet. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in soft body composition of moisture, protein and lipid. It si concluded that wheat germ meal were be used as a partial protein source of formulated diet for juvenile abalone.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2014

The increasing of atmospheric $CO_2$ are changing the pH (ocean acidification) and temperature of the sea. Although the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms have well-documented, only a few studies have examined the combined effects of ocean acidification and elevated temperature. This study investigated the effects of ocean acidification and elevated temperature for 2100 on survival and growth of juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. Ocean acidification was simulated by bubbling $CO_2$ into seawater at concentrations of 1,000 and 1,500 ppm, and temperature was set at room temperature $+2^{\circ}C$. Neither $CO_2$ nor temperature had a significant effect on survival of abalone, while both significantly affected growth. There was no significant interaction between the two factors. Shell length can be used as a growth index of abalone to access the impacts of ocean acidification and elevated temperature.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.796-800
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• 2014

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in integrated culture with abalone Haliotis discus hannai or rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Triplicate groups of sea cucumber averaging $1.2{\pm}0.05g$ were cultured alone or with abalone or rockfish for 12 weeks. Survival of sea cucumber was not affected by co-culturing (P>0.05). Weight gain of sea cucumber cultured with rockfish was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber cultured alone (P<0.05), and did not differ from that of those cultured with abalone (P>0.05). These findings indicate that co-culturing sea cucumber with rockfish effectively improves the growth of sea cucumber.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.601-605
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of dietary pigment sources on growth and shell color of juvenile abalone(Haliotis discus hannai). Three replicate groups of the abalone (average weight 173 mg) were fed diets containing various pigment sources such as Porphyra powder, Spirulina, yeast astaxanthin, and paprika extract for 16 weeks. Survival and weight gain were not affected by dietary pigment sources (P>0.05). Shell color of abalone fed diets containing Porphyra powder and Spirulina approached the yellow-red and orange, colors similar to wild abalone. However, shell color of abalone fed the diets containing yeast astaxanthin and paprika extract were similar to the bright green control group. These results should be useful for changing the shell color of abalone in aquaculture.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 북방전복 (Haliotis discus hannai)의 대용량 염기서열 분석을 통해 GST유전자의 전장 cDNA를 동정하였다. 북방전복 GST 유전자의 총 길이는 1669 bp로 672 bp의 ORF는 총 223개의 아미노산을 코딩하고 있으며 등전점은 5.69, 분자량은 25.8 kDa으로 예측되었다. 북방전복 GST아미노산 서열은 둥근전복과 지중해 담치와 같은 패류의 GSTA와 가장 유사성이 높았으며 계통수 분석을 통해 GSTA와 하나의 그룹을 이루었다. 북방전복 GST에는 GSTA의 특징을 갖는 두 site (N-말단의 G-site, C-말단의 H-site)가 보존되어 있었고 효소활성과 구조 유지에 중요한 잔기가 종간에 매우 보존되어 있었다. 북방전복 GST 유전자의 mRNA는 관찰된 모든 조직에서 발현하고 있었으며, 특히 외투막, 아가미, 간췌장, 소화관에서 높은 발현이 확인되었다. 북방전복의 GST는 비브리오균을 인위감염 시킨 전복의 간췌장에서 감염 후 1시간 뒤 발현이 급격히 증가했다가 3시간까지 증가한 뒤 감소하였고, 혈구세포에서는 감염 3시간 경과 후 발현 정도가 최고로 증가했다가 감소하였다. 따라서 북방전복 GST는 alpha class GST의 특징을 가지며 병원체 감염에 따른 면역반응 조절에 관여할 것이라 생각되며 병원균 감염에 따른 바이오마커로 활용가능 할 것이라 예상된다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2015

본 연구는 북방전복의 생식생물학적 정보를 제공하고 아울러 성의 인위적인 조절에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 수행하였다. 북방전복의 형태학적 성분화 과정은 크게 다음과 같이 5단계로 구분할 수 있었다. 1) 생식소 외막 형성 (FGOM) (${\leq}SL\;10.0{\pm}1.0mm$), 2) 장과 간췌장 사이의 결체조직에 시원생식세포 (PGCs: primordial germ cells) 출현 (PAC) 및 생식소 내강 형성 (FGC) (SL $15.0{\pm}2.0mm$), 3) 생식소 내강 상피층에 PGCs 출현 (PAG) (SL $18.0{\pm}2.0mm$), 4) 생식세포형성소낭 형성, 초기 난모세포 및 정원세포 출현 (FGOC) (SL $21.0{\pm}2.0mm$), 5) 형태학적 성분화 (MSD) (${\geq}SL\;23.0{\pm}2.0mm$). 조직학적 분석 결과, 각장 24.1-25.0 mm 그룹에서 북방전복의 성분화율은 90.0%였으며, 성비 (암:수)는 1:0.8로 나타났다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

북방전복 초기 유생의 사육에 적합한 부착 규조류를 파악하기 위하여 C. californica, Rhaphoneis sp. C. schroederi를 대상으로 veliger 유생의 부착률, 변태율, 생존율 및 성장을 조사하였다. 각 규조류의 단독 먹이 실험구, 3종의 혼합 먹이 실험구 및 먹이를 공급하지 않은 대조구로 구분하여 사육하였다. 유생의 부착률은 C. californica와 Rhaphoneis sp.에서 48시간째에 80-82%로 가장 높았고, C. schroederi의 최고 부착률은 96시간째에 67%로 상대적으로 늦고 낮은 경향을 보였다. 변태율도 C. schroederi는 6일째 37%로 C. californica와 Rhaphoneis sp.의 45-49%에 비하여 낮고 느린 결과를 보였다. 혼합 먹이 실험구는 단독 먹이 실험구에 비하여 낮은 부착률과 변태율을 보였다. 변태 후 10일째 C. californica와 Rhaphoneis sp.는 각각 69%와 61%의 높은 유생 생존율을 보였고, 일간 각장 성장은 각각 33.7 ${\mu}m$과 32.5 ${\mu}m$로 C. schroederi의 29.0 ${\mu}m$, 혼합 먹이 실험구의 21.8 ${\mu}m$에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. 따라서 북방전복 초기 유생 사육을 위한 최적 규조류는 C. californica, Rhaphoneis sp., C. schroederi의 순으로, 이들 규조를 단독으로 공급하는 것이 혼합하여 공급하는 것보다 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 본 실험은 북방전복 초기 유생단계의 결과이므로 차후 치패를 대상으로 한 장기간의 먹이효율 조사가 필요하다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2015

We observed that the growth and physiological change in Haliotis discus discus by low-dose irradiation with gamma ray.Irradiation with gamma ray was undertaken by using the low-level irradiation facility ($^{60}CO$) in cooperation with the Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology at Jeju National University. The parent abalones were attached one by one and then fixed by using the rubber band to the front side of the fabricated case for irradiation with gamma ray. The experimental plots of irradiation with gamma ray were set as 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy and the 25 female abalones and 10 male abalones were utilized for each experimental plot. The sperms and eggs were fertilized by setting an interval for each dose to prevent mixing with other experimental plots when fertilizing the sperms and eggs for each dose of irradiation with gamma ray. As for the fertility, it was confirmed to be 85% the control and 10 Gy groups, whereas it was found to be 80%, 65% and 50% in the 15 Gy, 20 Gy and 25 Gy groups, respectively. As a conclusion, the hatching rate and attachment rate were higher at 10 and 15 Gy than the other experimental plots, and the growth rate was higher at 20 Gy than the other experimental plots. Also the changes in lysozyme activity in accordance with the stress of water temperature were found to have a significant increase in the other experimental plots as compared with the control plot at the end of 0 h. The changes in lysozyme activity have remained constant in all the experimental plots at the end of 12 h. These results allowed us to confirm that lysozyme was undertaking the biodefense action by reacting sensitively to the stress of water temperature in the control experimental plot. As for the other experimental plots, they are believed to avoid the biodefense mechanism due to the high degree of anti-parasite mechanism and anti-viral mechanism. Thus, it is believed that it would be imperative to conduct development and research on breeds that were potent for environmental tolerance by applying the method of irradiation with gamma ray to other marine animals and plants.