• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2023

Cold-junction correction(CJC) and disconnection detection circuit design of various thermocouples(TC) and multi-channel TC interface circuit using them were designed. The CJC and disconnection detection circuit consists of a CJC semiconductor device, an instrumentation amplifier(IA), two resistors and a diode for disconnection detection. Based on the basic circuit, a multi-channel interface circuit was also implemented. The CJC was implemented using compensation semiconductor and IA, and disconnection detection was detected by using two resistor and a diode so that IA input voltage became -0.42V. As a result of the experiment using R-type TC, the error of the designed circuit was reduced from 0.14mV to 3㎶ after CJC in the temperature range of 0℃ to 1400℃. In addition, it was confirmed that the output voltage of IA was saturated from 88mV to -14.2V when TC was disconnected from normal. The output voltage of the designed circuit was 0V to 10V in the temperature range of 0℃ to 1400℃. The results of the 4-channel interface experiment using R-type TC were almost identical to the CJC and disconnection detection results for each channel. The implemented multi-channel interface has a feature that can be applied equally to E, J, K, T, R, and S-type TCs by changing the terminals of CJC semiconductor devices and adjusting the IA gain.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2004

Use of electric pulp testing elicits painful response in vital teeth. In this study, we examined the excessive time from pain feeling to stimulation disconnection in clinical situation. D626D (Parkell Inc., USA.) scan type electric pulp tester was used in total of 23 young healthy individuals. Each of the right central incisors and first premolars were used as testing teeth. Stimulation disconnection was achieved by EMG in anterior belly of digastric muscle, finger span, and voice and the excessive stimulation time over the sensory thresh-old was recorded. As a result, we found that the short responses before the stimulation disconnection appeared following order：EMG, finger span, and voice. The EMG disconnection is suggested to be used to reduce the excessive stimulus time in electric pulp testing.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2009

The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the dynamic stability and survivability of a four-column classic TLP (tension-leg platform) under less-than-extreme storm conditions where one or more tendons have been lost due to damage or disconnect. The transient responses of the platform and tendon tensions at the moment of disconnection are particularly underscored. The numerical simulation is based on the BE-FE hybrid hull-tendon-riser coupled dynamic analysis in time domain. Compared to the common industry practice of checking the system without a failed tendon in the beginning, the maximum tension on the neighboring tendon can be significantly increased at the moment of disconnection due to the snap-like transient effects, which can lead to unexpected failure of the total system. It is also found that the transient effects can be reduced with the presence of TTRs (top-tensioned risers) with pneumatic tensioners. It is also seen that the TLP cannot survive in the 100-yr hurricane condition after losing one tendon.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.73-91
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• 2021

Objective: This study focused on the relationships between emotionality, social competence and play behavior in a sample of 218 4- to 5-year olds attending daycare centers. Methods: All variables were measured by the daycare teachers of the surveyed children. The data were analyzed using Simple Regression and Multiple Regression through SPSS Win 25.0. Results: First, preschoolers' positive emotionality had a negative effect on their play disruption and play disconnection and a positive effect on play interaction. On the other hand, their negative emotionality had a positive effect on play disruption and play disconnection and a negative effect on play interaction. Second, their positive emotionality had a positive influence on social competence and their negative emotionality had a negative influence. Finally, the effect of their positive emotionality on play disruption was partially mediated, and their play disconnection and play interaction was totally mediated by social competence. On the other hand, the effect of preschoolers' negative emotionality on play disruption and play disconnection was totally mediated, and their play interaction was partially mediated by social competence. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study imply that we need to help preschoolers promote emotionality and social competence together to change their play behavior positively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.93-102
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• 2022

This study investigated the differences in smart speaker users' loneliness, social disconnection, and attachment, frequency of daily speaker usage, and anthropomorphic behavior depending on the level of smart speaker anthropomorphism. A total of 320 users participated in an online survey. Results showed significant differences between the high anthropomorphism group and the low anthropomorphism group in their level of loneliness, social disconnection, anxiety attachment, frequency of daily speaker usage, and anthropomorphic behaviors. However, no significant difference in avoidance attachment between the two groups was found. The findings imply that interaction design can possibly enhance positive social interaction with smart speakers.

• International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Korean Journal of Geophysical Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.6-23
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• 1994

A disconnection event (DE) of the cometary plasma tail is one of most spectacular phenomena observed in comets. Yet, for years it has remained one of the great unsolved problems I astronomy and space physics. The solar wind is thought to play a major role in the creation of comet plasma tail (type Ⅰ) disconnection events. The goal of this paper is to present a mechanism that explains the disconnection event in terms of the local conditions at the comet. Comparison of the solar wind conditions and 16 DEs in Halley's comet shows that DEs are associated primarily with crossings of the heliospheric sector boundary and apparently not with any other properties of the solar wind, such as a high speed stream[Yi et al., 1994]. A 3-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulation in this paper supports this association by showing that only front-side magnetic reconnection between the reversed interplanetary magnetic fields that exist when a comet crosses the heliospheric sector boundary [Niedner and Brandt, 1978] could reproduce the morphology of a DE, including ray formation [Brandt, 1982].

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.533-541
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• 2008

In distributed mobile systems, the congestion control and disconnection problems are current major issues. This paper proposes a grouping-based fuzzy reference streaming method to improve the performance of systems supporting distributed mobile transactions. The proposed method resolves transaction requests issued by mobile clients using the GS interface. In the paper disconnection problems are resolved efficiently using transaction read and update for improved streaming service. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the other existing methods significantly.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2005

We consider the graph disconnection problem, which is to find a set of edges such that the total cost of destroying the edges is no more than a given budget and the weight of nodes disconnected from a designated source by destroying the edges is maximized. The problem is known to be NP-hard. We present an integer programming formulation for the problem and develop an algorithm that includes a preprocessing procedure for reducing the problem size, a heuristic for providing a lower bound, and a cutting plane algorithm for obtaining an upper bound. Computational results for evaluating the performance of the proposed algorithm are also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2004

The network disconnection problem ms to find a set of edges such that the total cost of removing the edges is no more than a given budget and the weight of nodes disconnected from a designated source by removing edges is maximized. Martel et at. have shown that the problem with unit capacity and unit demand Is NP-hard and Myung and kim present an integer programming formulation and develop an algorithm that Includes a preprocessing procedure and lower and upper bounding strateagies. in this paper, we present new findings on the properties of the optimal solution and an alternative integer programming formulation, based on which new lower and upper bounding strategies are developed. Computational results for evaluating the performance of the proposed algorithm are also presented.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.299-304
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• 2008

Catenary and Pantograph are a power supply devices for electric trains and shall be steadily contacted. Rail catenary must be installed precisely and managed for stable train operations. But external factors such as weathers, nature, etc., or aging affect catenary geometry. Changed catenary height causes high voltage spark or instant electric disconnection. Big spark and disconnection damage pantograph shoe and catenary coating and might interrupt rail operations. To prevent a big scale spark or electric disconnection catenary maintenance shall be required with catenary geometry measurement systems. In this paper, we describe the development of catenary height and stagger measurement system. The catenary height and stagger measurement system uses Acuity company's AR4000 Range Finder for distance measurement and AccuRange Line Scanner for degree measurement. This system reports suspicious overhead line sections with excessive height and stagger variance.