• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.356-364
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• 2003

A methanol extract from seeds of Paeonia lactiflora (Paeoniaceae, peony) was found to possess different antiproliferative activities against four different human cancer cell lines: Hela, MCF-7, HepG2 and HT-29. Furthermore, five different methanol (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 % MeOH) fractions obtained by fractionation of the methanol extract of the seeds on a Diaion HP-20 column exhibited differential antiproliferative effects against the above four cancer cell lines. Among five fractions, the 60 % MeOH fraction showed relatively lower antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cell than the other cancer cell lines. Systematic separation of 60% the MeOH fraction by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 columns led to the isolation of four known stilbenes, trans-resveratrol (1), trans-(+)- $\varepsilon$ -viniferin (2), gnetin H (3) and suffruticosol B (4). The four stilbenes (1∼4) exerted differential biphasic effects on cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a similar manner as genistein, a soybean isoflavone used as a positive reference, in the concentration range from 1.0 to 200 $\mu$M. Three stilbenes (1 ∼ 3) weakly stimulated the proliferation of MCF -7 cells at doses below 10 JIM. However, strong antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 cell were exerted by extract 1 at a dose of 200 JIM, and by 2 and 3 at doses above 25 $\mu$M. In contrast, 4 inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cell at a dose below 25 $\mu$M, but stimulated cell proliferation at concentrations of 50 and 100 $\mu$M. All four stilbenes (1∼4) stimulated the proliferation of ROS 17/2.8 osteoblast-like cells in the range of 10$^{-10}$ ∼10$^{-1}$ $\mu$M. Compound 1 exhibited especially potent proliferative activity, although its activity was weaker than that of genistein. Additionally, three resveratrol oligomers (2∼4) also exhibited concentration-dependently moderate proliferative activity, but less than that of 1. These results suggest that resveratrol, and its dimer and trimers from the seeds of Paeonia lactiflora may act as a phytoestrogen, but in a somewhat different manner from that of genistein.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.298-305
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• 2005

Antimicrobial packaging paper was prepared with a powder-type botanical antimicrobial agent from grapefruit seed extract (BAAG) and zeolite according to TAPPI standard method. The functional fillers containing BAAG fixed to CaCO$_3$ and zeolite were well retained in the fiber network by a retention aid such as cationic polyacrylamide, which was ascertained by the ash contents of paper and the SEM microphotographs. With addition of the functional fillers to paper, tensile strength and burst strength of the paper decreased by interference of the functional fillers with interfiber bonding but bending stiffness and tear strength increased by improved elastic modulus of paper and delayed transfer of tearing energy. Finally, it was confirmed that the antimicrobial packaging paper might be able to be used to make packaging bags and corrugated containers due to the minor deterioration of strength properties.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.71 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 1985

Inheritance of four isozymes, GOT, ACP, MDH and ADH, in Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa was investigated with starch gel electrophoresis. All four isozymes showed bands. For GOT, six or seven loci were postulated and observed segregation of hybrids at five variable loci was in agreement with expected segregation. Two loci were postulated in ACP; one locus showed no variation but the other locus showed variation. As one additional band was found in P. alba ${\times}$ P. alba (italy), hybrids from P. alba ${\times}$ P. alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa showed more variation than hybrids from P. alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa. One monomorphic locus and two variable loci were postulated in MDH. For ADH, both parents were turned out as homozygotes but for different alleles and thus all progenies were heterozygotes. ADH in hybrids seems to be a dieter enzyme as it showed on additional band between two parental bands. There were no variation in band betweens of four enzymes among the clones of P alba and P. glandulosa, respectively.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.3 s.47
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• pp.369-375
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• 2004

In this study, liquid crystalline (LC) is formed using Gemini surfactant (GS) type and moisturizing effect in vivo is measured. $3.0\;wt\%$ of sodium dicocoyl ethylene diamine (PEG)-15 sulfate (SCD-PEG-15S) is used as GS and $4.0\;wt\%$ of hydrogenated dimer acid esters (HDAE) as booster. For stabilizers, $2.0\;wt\%$ of behenyl alcohol (BA) and $1.0\;wt\%$ of Iyso-lecithin (LyL) are utilized. It is stabilized in pH from 4.0 to 10.5 and the best condition is in pH 6.5. The value of viscosity is $8,000\pm500$ cP. The most excellent particles are formed within the range of 4.0 to 15.5 um. Formed LC is observed around LC particles using polarization microscope. It is also observed that lamellar gel network structure is formed around LC particles. Moisturizing effect is improved by $13.6\%$ (P<0.05) compared to control when measured 30 min later after coating samples. After 1 h, moisturizing effect is improved by 1$12.6\%$ (P<0.05) than control while showing $28.3\%$ (P<0.05) of improvement after 4 h. These results may be caused from that manufactured LC forms lamellar structure so that it has better water-holding ability and absorbance of oil increases. This formula could be utilized by delivery system (DS) on skin so that this technology can be applied for manufactuing pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.603-611
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• 2011

Ethoxylacetyl oxime ligands [HL, (1) and $H_2L^1$, (3)] react with copper(II) acetate monohydrate yield octahedral and square planar complexes, respectively. The complexes have been postulated due to elemental analyses, IR, UVVis. spectra, magnetic susceptibility, conductivity and ESR spectra. Molar conductance of the complexes in DMF indicates a non-ionic character. The ESR spectra of [$(L)_2Cu(H_2O)_2$], (2) complex at room temperature and 77K are characteristic of an axial symmetry ($d_{x2-y2}$) with covalent bond character and have a large line width typical of dipolar interactions. However, [$(L^1)Cu$], (4) complex in the solid state showed spectra of marked broadening and loss of hyperfine splitting confirming spinexchange interactions between the copper(II) sites. The spectrum of the doped copper(II) complex at room temperature showed super-hyperfine splitting from coordinated nitrogen atoms and it has an axial type ($d_{x2-y2}$) with covalent bond character and an essentially square-planar arrangement around the copper(II) ion. The spectrum of [$(L^1)Cu$], (4) in frozen methanol at 77K was characteristic of the triplet state of a dimer species and the distance found between the two copper(II) centers was calculated and is equal to 4.8 ${\AA}$.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2014

Acrylic acid is a commodity chemical which is applicable for various industries such as polymer and textile industry. Currently, it has been produced by chemical synthesis from petroleum. However, due to the high price of petroleum and global $CO_2$ emission, renewable materials such as sugar are interesting alternative carbon sources for the biological production of acrylic acid. For an economic production of acrylic acid from renewable carbon sources, a cost effective separation process for acrylic acid should be needed. In this study, reactive extraction by TOA (tri-n-octylamine) was used for the recovery of acrylic acid from its aqueous solutions. The effects of polarity of diluents and concentration of TOA on extraction equilibrium were investigated. The extraction efficiency was proportional to concentration of TOA and polarity of diluents and its value was more than 95% in the case of sufficient concentration of TOA. From IR spectroscopy, it was concluded that the ratio of (1,1) acid-amine complex was increased and the ratio of acid dimer was decreased with concentration of TOA. Equilibrium model based on IR spectroscopy was well fitted with experimental data.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.82-95
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• 1995

These experiments were carried out to isolate SIgA from human and bovine milk. The immunochemical properties of SIgA from human and bovine milk were examined by Gel filtration, DEAE and SDS-PAGE. Double Immunodiffusion, and Immunoelectrophoresis. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Human SIgA was purified from colostrum of Korean women by repeated gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and Sepharose 6B, but bovine SigA was not cleary purified from bovine colostrum of Holstein cows by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and Sepharose 6B. 2. The immunochemical properties of fractions from gel filtration on the Sephadex G-200 and Sepharose 6B column as assessed by Immunoelectrophoresis and double Immunodiffusion to identify the presence of IgM in first peak fraction, and the presence of pure SIgA in second peak fraction. However, Bovine SigA rich fraction from bovine colostrum of Holstein cows contained a large amount of $IgG_1$-dimer in addition to SIgA. 3. The fragments of reduced bovine colostrum SIgA rich fraction were estimated to have molecular weights of secretory component, heavy chain and light chain (75,000-80,000, 50,000-60,000, 25,000-27,000 daltons) by SDS-PAGE, respectively. Those were similar to the molecular weight of reduced SIgA from human milk.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.963-969
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• 2016

Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are microtubule-dependent molecular motor proteins essential for the intracellular transport of organelles and protein complexes in cells. Kinesin 1 is a member of those KIFs that transport various cargoes, including organelles, synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitter receptors, cell signaling molecules, and mRNAs through interaction between its light chain subunit and the cargoes. Kinesin light chains (KLCs) are non-motor subunits that associate with the kinesin heavy chain (KHC) dimer. KLCs interact with many different binding proteins, but their particular binding proteins have not yet been fully identified. We used the yeast two-hybrid assay to identify proteins that interact with the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of KLC1. We found an interaction between the TPR domain of KLC1 and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1 (WAVE1), a member of the WASP/WAVE family involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton. WAVE1 bound to the six TPR domain-containing regions of KLC1 and did not interact with KHCs (KIF5A, KIF5B, and KIF5C) in the yeast two-hybrid assay. The carboxyl (C)-terminal verprolin-cofilin-acidic (VCA) domain of WAVE1 is essential for interaction with KLC1. Also, other WAVE isoforms (WAVE2 and WAVE3) interacted with KLC1 in the yeast two-hybrid assay. When co-expressed in HEK-293T cells, WAVE1 co-localized with KLC1 and co-immunoprecipitated with KLC1 and KIF5B. These results suggest that kinesin 1 motor protein may transport WAVE complexes or WAVE-coated cargoes in cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1583-1590
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• 2006

T4 endonuclease V (T4 endo V) [EC 3. 1. 25. 1], found in bacteriophage T4, is responsible for excision repair of damaged DNA. The enzyme possesses two activities: a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer DNA glycosylase (CPD glycosylase) and an apyrimidic/apurinic endonuclease (AP lyase). T4 denV (414 bp cDNA) encoding T4 en do V (138 amino acid) was synthesized and expressed using either an expression vector, pTriEx-4, in E. coli or a baculovirus AcNPV vector, pBacPAK8, in insect cells. The recombinant His-Tag/T4 endo V (rHis-Tag/T4 endo V) protein expressed from bacteria was purified using one-step affinity chromatography with a HiTrap Chelating HP column and used to make rabbit anti-His-Tag/T4 endo V polyclonal antibody for detection of recombinant T4 endo V (rT4 endo V) expressed in insect cells. In the meantime, the recombinant baculovirus was obtained by cotransfection of BacPAK6 viral DNA and pBP/T4 endo V in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) insect cells, and used to infect Sf21 cells to overexpress T4 endo V protein. The level of rT4 endo V protein expressed in Sf21 cells was optimized by varying the virus titers and time course of infection. The optimal expression condition was set as follows; infection of the cells at a MOI of 10 and harvest at 96 h post-infection. Under these conditions, we estimated the amount of rT4 endo V produced in the baculovirus expression vector system to be 125 mg/l. The rT4 endo V was purified to homogeneity by a rapid procedure, consisting of ion-exchange, affinity, and reversed phase chromatographies, based on FPLC. The rT4 endo V positively reacted to an antiserum made against rHis-Tag/T4 endo V and showed a residual nicking activity against CPD-containing DNA caused by UV. This is the first report to have T4 endo V expressed in an insect system to exclude the toxic effect of a bacterial expression system, retaining enzymatic activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1399-1408
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• 1999

Geometrical structures for the dimerization of (NO)₂ from (NO + NO) have been calculated using ab initio Har-tree-Fock (SCF), second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2), and coupled cluster with the single, double, and triple substitution [CCSD(T)] methods with a triple zeta plus polarization (TZP) basis set including diffuse Rydberg basis functions. The structure of (NO)₂ can be described by two interactions (N…N, N…O). One is the ONNO structure with an (N…N) interaction. In this structure, acyclic cis-ONNO with $C_{2v}$-symmetry, acyclic trans-ONNO with $C_{2h}$, and cyclic ONNO with trapezoidal structure ($C_{2v}$) are optimized at the MP2 level. The other structure is the ONON structure with an (N…O) interaction. In the structure, acyclic cis-ONON with Cs$^{-symmetry}$ and cyclic ONON of the rectangular ($C_{2h}$), square $(D_{2h})$, rhombic $(D_{2h})$, and parallelogramic $(D_{2h})$ geometries are also optimized. It is found that acyclic cis-ONNO (¹A₁) is the most stable structure and cyclic ONNO (³A₁) is the least stable. Acyclic trans-ONNO (³A₁) with an (N…N) interaction, acyclic trans-ONON and bicyclic ONON $(C_{2v})$ with (N…O) interaction, and acyclic cis- and trans-NOON with an (O…O) interaction can not be optimized at the MP2 level. Particularly, acyclic trans-ONNO with $C_{2h}$-symmetry can not be optimized at the CCSD(T) level. Meanwhile, acyclic NNOO (¹A₁, $C_s)$ and trianglic NNOO (¹A₁,$C_{2v})$ formed by the (O…N) interaction between O₂ and N₂ are optimized at the MP2 level. The binding energies and the relative energy gaps among the isomers are found to be relatively small./sec. Spiral CT scans during the arterial phase were obtained 35 seconds after the injection of contrast medium. CT findings of 78 lesions less than 4cm in diameter were correlated with angiographic findings. Results : The attenuation of lesions was high(n = 69), iso(n = 5), and low(n = 4) compared with liver parenchyma during the arterial phase of spiral CT. In lesions with high-, iso-, and low-attenuation during the arterial phase of spiral CT, hypervascularity on angiograms was found in 63 of 69(91.3%), three of five(60%), and three of four lesions(75%), respectively. Six lesions with high-attenuation on the arterial phase of spiral CT were not seen on angiography. Two iso-attenuated and one low-attenuated lesion were hypovascular on angiograms. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that with some exceptions there was good correlation between the arterial phase of spiral CT and angiography.