• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.625-629
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• 2000

Six yearling Suffolk ewes were used to study the effect of different roughage proportion diets (30%=LR, and 70%=HR) and intake levels (0.7 M and 1.3 M) on heat production and thermoregulatory responses in sheep exposed to different ambient temperatures (20 and $30^{\circ}C$). Sheep fed HR had higher heat production (HP) and time spent eating (TSE) and lower time spent standing (TSS) than those fed LR. But effect of roughage proportion on vaginal temperature (Tv) was obvious only at high intake and at $30^{\circ}C$. Sheep fed high intake had higher Tv, HP, TSS, and TSE than those fed low intake. Roughage proportion and intake level did not have an effect on respiration rate (RR), but ambient temperature did. Ambient temperature did not have an effect on HP, TSS and TSE. At $30^{\circ}C$ sheep had higher Tv and RR than those at $20^{\circ}C$. There were interactions between intake level and ambient temperature in TSS, between intake level and roughage proportion in TSE, and between roughage proportion and ambient temperature in HP. Results indicate that high roughage diet imposes a greater potential heat load on animals than low roughage diet when given at high ambient temperature, but not at low ambient temperature. And the effects is more pronounced at high intake.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2002

'제품디자인에 있어서 황금비례의 적용이 가능한가' 라는 논제에 대하여 기존의 연구들이 이에 대한 의견의 일치를 보이고 있지 못하고 있다. 아울러 기존연구들에서는 과연 비례란 무엇이며 또한 어떻게 이해하고 접근해야 하는가라는 문제에 대해서도 명확한 해답을 내리고 있지 못하고 있다. 이에 대하여 본 연구는 실험 설계와 설문조사를 통하여 다양한 비례의 유형을 파악하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 제품유형마다 상이한 비례구조를 지니고 있으며 따라서 비례는 단순히 일차원적인 심미적 요소로만 다루어져서는 안된다. 이러한 비례의 유형에 대한 고찰은 '제품디자인에 있어서 황금 비례의 적용이 가능한가'라는 주제에 대한 해답을 제시해 줄 수 있으며 실무적으로도 심미적 조형요소로서 비례를 다루는데 있어서 바람직한 제품디자인접근법에 대한 유용한 통찰력을 제시해 줄 수 을 것으로 예상된다. 또한 소비자의 특성에 따라 선호하는 비례구조가 다르기 때문에 소비자의 특성을 체계적으로 분류한다면 틈새시장 공략 등 성공적인 디자인전략을 수행할수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.71-87
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• 2005

4 royal palaces are currently remained from capital city (Seoul) of 'Cho-Sun(朝鮮)' period. In these palaces, 'Main hall of Royal Palace(正殿)' is the center of the Royal Palaces. The 'Main hall of Royal Palace' of the Royal Palace was the best building of that time. Therefore there were many studies about the 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. But these studies were individual studies of these 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. Therefore, this study is to analyze and compare 4 'Main hall of Royal Palace' of the Royal palaces. It is to study the proportion regarding the Diameter of the pillar, the Height, the pillar and pillar Interval's Distance, and the arrangement of 'Kong-Po(bracket sets)'. With these studies, it is to prove that the 'Main hall of Royal Palace' is the building which high construction technique of this time is expressed. Result of this study is as followings; First, the proportion of pillar height(H) to its diameter(D) average from H=8.0 to 8.5D. Only the Myeong-Jeong-Jeon omitted the 'Go-Ju(高柱)' in the 'Toi-Kan (退間)' to place Ea-Jwa(御座). Second, Second, the proportion of diameter of the pillar of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju(外部平柱)' and 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju(內陣高柱)' average D1(Diameter of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju') =0.91D2 (Diameter of 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju'). In regards to the height, the single floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' and double floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' seems to be different. The height proportion of the double floor 'Main hall of royal palace' is H1(Height of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju')=0.34H2(Height of 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju') and single floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' has a proportion of H1=0.62H2. Third, in Geun-Jeong-Jeon, with the proportion of height and diameter of the pillar, interval's distance between pillars and diameter, the pillar interval distance and height, of 'Ea-kan(御間)' from the 'Toi-Kan' is different from 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. This is because the structure of 'Toi-Kan' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon is not stable. In order to reinforce this, 'Gui-Go-Ju(隅高柱)' of the Geun-Jeong-Jeon jut out $4{\sim}7%$ more compared to In-Jeong-Jeon. Fourth, when comparing double floor 'Main hall of royal palace' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon and In-Jeong-Jeon, based on distance of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju' and 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju' of lower level, the 'Sang-Bu-Pyeong-Ju(上部平柱)' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon jut out $4{\sim}7%$ more compared to the In-Jeong-Jeon and also It becomes thicker. Fifth, the arrangement of 'Kong-Po' on the front row of 'Gan(間)' had to do with the change of side 'Gan'. Even though the Geun-Jeong-Jeon and the In-Jeong-Jeon were double floors, the arrangement of the 'Kong-Po' is different because the number of side bay is different.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.500-506
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• 2009

A modified Tris-buffered medium (mTBM) has been widely used as an insemination medium for porcine in vitro fertilization (IVF). We examined whether mTBM could be used for bovine IVF. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured in a serum-free medium containing 30 ng/ml EGF for 22 h. After culture, COCs were inseminated with spermatozoa for 12 h in mTBM containing 5 mM caffeine and 10 g/ml heparin. The penetration of oocytes increased significantly (p<0.05) as the sperm concentration increased from 0.1 (30%) to 1-10 $(87-100%){\times}10^6$ cells/ml. This was significantly different from values obtained at 1 (87%) and 10 $(100%){\times}10^6$ cells/ml. However, when COCs were inseminated with spermatozoa from different bulls, the proportions (62-100%) of oocytes penetrated varied according to the bull. The proportion (18%) of oocytes penetrated was significantly (p<0.05) lower in a fertilization medium without caffeine and heparin but increased with the addition of caffeine and/or heparin to the medium, and the proportion (93-96%) of oocytes penetrated increased significantly (p<0.05) when the medium was supplemented with heparin and caffeine. In this medium, sperm penetration was first observed at 3 h after insemination. Irrespective of the presence of glucose in the fertilization medium, the proportion (93-97%) of oocytes penetrated and the proportion (83-84%) of embryos at the ${\geq}2$-cell stage cultured in a chemically defined medium were not significantly different. However, the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the presence (11%) of glucose in the fertilization medium than in its absence (2%). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that bovine oocytes penetrated in vitro in mTBM can develop to the blastocyst stage and mTBM may be used for the in vitro production of bovine embryos.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 2011

By using the recording and quantitative analysis of two videos about "The multiplication and division of the Fractions" and the "Flanders Interaction Analysis System," we classified the teachers' language of instruction in algebra classroom and also analysis the language of instruction in the different teaching process. The results after the analysis as follows: (1) The proportion of time was taken in teachers' language of instruction is high and vary in types, most of the teachers' language is teachers' question; (2) In the different teaching process, the proportion of time was taken in teachers' language of instruction is different; (3) Teachers attached importance to explain the example and had the similar teaching strategy, but the teachers' language is different; (4) In the practice process, teachers placed importance on exploring the tough question and its teaching strategies are different. The teachers' questions are the main teachers' language of instruction.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2020

This study considers aesthetic characteristics by examining red carpet dress in China film festival. The research methods were quantitative and qualitative analysis of red carpet dress images collected from 2015 to 2019 on websites according to four criteria following previous research on red carpet dresses. The results of the study are as follows. First, the analysis of red carpet dress silhouettes showed that A-line silhouettes, slim silhouettes, and mermaid silhouettes appeared. Second, in terms of colors, one color, black, represented a higher proportion of the dress colors than the combination of different colors. Third, soft texture occupied the highest proportion of material textures, and combinations of materials with different textures were also used. In the case of patterns, the proportion of dresses without patterns was high, and natural patterns were found in the largest proportion. Beads and sequins accounted for most of the dress details, and the analysis showed that various detail types such as embroidery, slits, ruffles, and belts were used in the red carpet dresses. The aesthetic characteristics of the red carpet dresses worn at the China film festival were analyzed as sensual, elegant, decorative, and simple.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2024

Persimmon wood (Diospyros kaki) is a seasonal fruit-producing plant with a beautiful dark pattern in its wood that is suitable for high-quality furniture, sculptures and musical instruments. The utilization of persimmon wood can be improved by determining its anatomical characteristics, such as juvenile and mature wood. This study aimed to determine the boundaries between juvenile and mature wood and observe the anatomical properties of juvenile and mature wood and their variations in the axial direction. Three 30-year-old persimmon (D. kaki) trees grown in Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia, were used in this study. The boundary between juvenile and mature wood was determined by measuring the fiber length and vessel element length from near the pith to near the bark. Anatomical observations were conducted in the juvenile and mature wood areas. The results showed that the average boundaries between juvenile and mature wood were 44.11 mm from the pith and were not significantly different in the axial direction of the trees. Furthermore, the wood anatomy categories of juvenile and mature wood differed significantly in terms of fiber diameter, fiber proportion, vessel proportion, and axial parenchyma proportion. In the axial direction, vessel diameter, ray parenchyma frequency, and ray parenchyma proportion at the base, middle, and top of the tree were significantly different.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1357-1371
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• 2024

To investigate the influence of different burial conditions on the seepage characteristics of loose sandstone in the leaching mining of sandstone uranium ore, this study applied different ground pressures and water pressures to rock samples at different burial depths to alter the rock's seepage characteristics. The permeability, pore distribution, and particle distribution characteristic parameters were determined, and the results showed that at the same burial depth, ground pressure had a greater effect on the reduction in permeability than water pressure. The patterns and mechanisms are as follows: under the influence of ground pressure, increasing the burial depth compresses the pores in the rock samples, decreases the proportion of effective permeable pores, and causes particle fragmentation, which blocks pore channels, resulting in a decrease in permeability. Under the influence of water pressure, increasing the burial depth expands the pores but also causes hard clay particles to decompose and block pore channels. As the burial depth increases, the particles eventually decompose completely, and the permeability initially decreases and then increases. In this experiment, the relationships between permeability and the proportion of pores larger than 0.15 ㎛ and the proportion of particles smaller than 59 ㎛ were found to be the most significant.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 1992

Field survey were made. and the numbers of samples are 294 houses(3-ways;66-95.7m2, 99-128.7m2) and more than 132m')in Daegu.The major findings are as follows:1) The space evaluation of the living room is changed by the furniture occupancy rate and is different of the arrangement types.2) The space evaluation of the living room is much affected by the type of furniture which lie in near wall arrangement in 66-95.7m2, the proportion of the wall occupancy in 99-128.7m2, the proportion of the space occupancy in more of 132m2.3) In the living room an appropriate quantity of furniture is classified into 3 types of the occupying proportion.As the floor occupancy proportion supporting furniture is 13-22%, wall furniture is 10-l7f% and total furniture which combined both the supporting furniture and the wall furniture is 23-36%. Second. The proportion occupying the wall is 6-11% for the supporting furniture, 14-27% for the wall furniture, and 24-32% for the total furniture. Finally the proportion occupying the space is 12-9% for the supporting, 6-llftfer the wall furniture, and 12-l9ft for the total furniture.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze size and proportion of plan and section, and derive characteristics by types of worship-space in central hall of buddhist temple. This study covers 45 buddhist temples as designated national treasure and treasure. Types of central hall of buddhist temple are 'Columnless Type', 'Inner Column Type', and 'Colonnade Type'. The results are as follows. Firstly, in the proportion of width and length, 'Columnless Type' is mostly represented with 1:0.73, 'Inner Column Type' with 1:0.54 and seems to be widening for the other types, and 'Colonnade Type' is same proportion with 'Columnless Type'. Secondly, in the proportion of width and height, 'Columnless Type' is 1:0.61 and sizes of worship-space of this type are different but the proportion is same. In the 'Inner Column Type', worship-space is enlarged because a buddhist altar is hustled into the rear. Thirdly, in the proportion of length and height, all types are represented with similar proportion as 1:1. Finally, proportion of the volume of worship-space in 'Columnless Type' is 1(width):0.74(length):0.60(height). The case of 'Inner Column Type' is 1:0.57:0.57 and length of worship-space is shortened, so characteristics of horizontality is emphasized. The space of same size with the proportion of 'Columnless Type' is situated in the inside of worship-space in 'Colonnade Type'.