• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.844-851
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• 2002

Smoking can increase oxidative stress and thereby change the antioxidant defense system in the body. To investigate the relationship between male adolescent smoking and antioxidant status, we surveyed the eating habits and dietary intake of 82 smokers and 44 nonsmokers recruited from a male technical high school. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxide values were determined in both the plasma and the erythrocytes. Although the frequency of food intake was not significantly different, most nutrient intake was unexpectedly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. In comparison with the Korean RDA, especially the average intake of Ca, Fe and vitamin $B_2$ didn t reach 75% of the Korean RDA in either smokers or nonsmokers. An analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity showed that plasma catalase. superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), erythrocyte catalase and GSH-px activities showed no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers. However, the erythrocyte SOD activity of smokers (1.57 unit/mgHb) was significantly lower than that of nonsmokers (2.00 unit/mg Hb). In addition, the plasma ceruloplasmin concentration of smokers (28.68 mg/$d\ell$) was significantly higher than that of nonsmokers (26.30 mg/$d\ell$), whereas the specific ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity of smokers (0.31 unit/mg) was lower than that of nonsmokers (0.35 unit/mg). The plasma and erythrocyte thlobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) of smokers (2.57 $\mu$mol/L, 0.32 $\mu$mol/gHb) were also significantly higher than those of nonsmokers (2.25 $\mu$mol/L, 0.27 $\mu$mol/gHb). The overall data indicate that adolescent smoking might decrease the antioxidant capacity of the body, in part, by lowering the erythrocyte SOD activity and the specific ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1440-1443
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• 2001

Forty eight $Duroc{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Landrace$ pigs ($15.2{\pm}0.3kg$ average initial BW) were used conducted to evaluate the effects dietary phytase (Phytezyme, WOOJIN, Co. Ltd) supplementation on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. There were three pigs per pen and four pens per treatment. Treatments were 1) Con (corn-wheat-SBM), 2) PE0.1 (low-P iet+0.1% Phytezyme), 3) PE0.2 (Iow-P diet+0.2% Phytezyme), 4) PE0.3 (low-P diet+0.3% Phytezyme). During d 0 to 28, average daily gain was not significantly different among the treatments. Pigs fed PE0.3 diet significantly decreased (p<0.05) their average daily feed intake compared to pigs fed Con diet. Also, gain/feed in pigs fed PE0.1 and PE0.3 diet was improved (p<0.05) compared to pigs fed Con and PE0.2 diet (p<0.05). For d 28 to 56, pigs fed PE0.2 diet grew significantly faster (p<0.05) than pigs fed Con and PE0.1 diet. Gain/feed was greater (p<0.05) for PE0.2 and PE0.3 treatments than for Con. For overall period, average daily gain was increased (P<0.05) by the addition of 0.2% Phytezyme compared with Con. Gain/feed was significantly improved (p<0.05) by supplementation of PE0.3. Pigs fed PE0.2 showed increased DM and N digestibilities compared to pigs fed other treatments. Supplemented diets PE0.2 and PE0.3 improved (p<0.05) the apparent digestibility of Ca and P compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the results obtained from these feeding trials suggest that the Phytezyme supplementation of diets for growing-finishing pigs had improved growth performance and nutrient availability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.341-347
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• 1992

Eggs used in this study were obtained from Saudi Arabian Baladi laying hens which were divided into four experimental groups and subjected to the following treatments: Commercial laying ration (17% CP, 3.6% Ca and 0.343%, available P) fed ad libitum as a control (C); Conventional force molting, feed removal for 10 days followed by 18 days full-feed of cracked corn (F); 15 days ad libitum intake of the control ration supplemented, to initiate forced-molt, with 0.35% aluminum as the sulfate (ALS) or the chloride (ALC). The hens were in production for 52 weeks and 17 months of age at the start of the trial and the post-treatment period lasted 36 weeks. During the treatment period F and AL treated groups had similar egg and shell weight, egg surface area, shell thickness and shell weight per unit of surface area but significantly (p<0.05) lower than the control. F had significantly (p<0.05) the highest and the control the lowest Haugh unit values whereas AL fed groups had significantly (p<0.05) lower meat spot incidence compared with the control which tended to have higher value than F group. ALC and F had significantly (p<0.05) the lowest yolk color grade whereas ALC had significantly (p<0.05) lower egg index than ALS and the control. During the post-treatment period the control had significantly (p<0.05) the highest egg index and blood spots incidence and ALS the lowest shell diensity compared with other groups. ALS had significantly (p<0.05) lower shell weight than ALC and the control whereas F and AL treated hens had significantly (p<0.05) the highest Haugh unit values and yolk color grades respectively. F had significantly (p<0.05) lower meat spots incidence than ALC and the control. The same results were observed for ALS compared with the control.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2018

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral malignancy. Numerous therapies have been proposed for its cure. Research is continually being conducted to develop new forms of treatment as current therapies are associated with numerous side-effects. Luteolin, a common dietary flavonoid, has been demonstrated to possess strong anti-cancer activity against various human cancer cell lines. Nevertheless, research into luteolin-based anticancer activity against oral cancer remains scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of luteolin as an anti-cancer agent. After treatment with luteolin, Ca9-22 and CAL-27 oral cancer cells showed condensed nuclei and enhanced apoptotic rate with evidence of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to tumor migration and invasion. Luteolin suppressed cancer cell invasion and migration in the current study. Elevated expression of E-cadherin, an adherens junction protein, was evident in both cell lines after luteolin treatment. Luteolin also significantly inhibited transcription factors (i.e., N-cadherin, Slug, Snail, Twist, and ZEB-1) that regulated expression of tumor suppressors such as E-cadherin based on Western blot analysis and quantitative PCR. Thus, luteolin could induce mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell invasion and migration by suppressing EMT-induced transcription factors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2010

Various types of health functional foods (HFF) are popularly used among middle-aged. We surveyed 946 middle-aged in Korea for HFF use and significant variables for their HFF use including demographic characteristics, health related variables and nutritional beliefs. The use prevalence of HFF was 58.9%, and among all types of HFF, red ginseng products were taken most frequently, followed by nutritional supplements, ginseng products > mushroom products. HFF was taken more frequently in subjects from high monthly family income (p < .001), and in those from families with a high socioeconomic status (p < .001) in comparison to each corresponding group. Mean age of users was higher than nonusers (p < .001). Self concern about health (p < .001) and usage ratio of HFF by family (p < .001) were higher in users than in nonusers of HFF. Total dietary assessment score was not different in two groups, and users had a more positive view concerning the potential health benefit of HFF than nonusers (p < .001). Most users of HFF took HFF when they were healthy (52.8%) and experienced a little effect through the HFF use (51.2%). Most users of HFF obtained the information on HFF through family and relatives (30.5%) and most of them purchased HFF at pharmacy or oriental medicine clinics (44.5%). HFF users preferred multivitamin and Ca-supplements most among the vitamin mineral supplements belonged to HFF. Given the widespread use of HFF and inappropriate usage of HFF among subjects, the proper use of these products for the contribution to their optimal nutrition and overall health is a subject that should be formed through practical nutrition education considering the various variables affecting their HFF use.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.575-583
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• 2003

To evaluate the effect of cereal supplementation on children's iron nutritional status of Korean institutionalized was designed. Dietary survey was carried out methods of food weighting in the breakfast or/and dinner, and record interview in lunch (n=74). A nutritional intervention study was carried out through supplementing cereal for 4 weeks in 24 children of 1 institution from 4 to 12 years. The children received 3.6mg elemental Fe(as 100g cereal) per day. Blood samples were drawn before and after supplementation. Nutrients which children's intake was less than two-thirds of Korean RDA were Vit A, Vit B1, Vit B2, Ca and Fe. The mean daily intakes of iron were 5.1mg for male and 4.9mg for female and 52.3% for male and 45.4% for female of Korean RDA. The proportions of children with iron depletion assessed by TIBC(>360mg/dl) and serum ferritin(<20ng/ml) were 56.6% and 58.7%, respectively. The proportions of children with the iron deficient erythropoiesis assessed by serum iron(<70ml/dl), Hb(<12g/dl), and Hct(<36%) were 76.0%, 58.7%, and 64.0%, respectively. After cereal supplementation, in anemic children, levels of Hct(p<0.001), serum iron(p<0.001) and transferrin saturation(p<0.001) were significantly increased. The effect of cereal supplementation in children with iron deficient erythropoeisis was more effective to improve the iron nutritional status than children with iron depletion. It was concluded that cereal supplementation program in anemic children was also effective to improve iron nutritional status.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2008

Colorectal carcinoma is occurred frequently to Korean and so ranked the fourth from various cancers. Due to western dietary life, this cancer has been increased continually. Therefore, the study will be needed to find a candidate gene involved in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma and to diagnose and treatment helpfully. The striking feature from cancer suppressor genes is known for LOH (loss of heterozygosity), which is the method to find allele genetic loss or mutation of cancer cell. The purpose of this study was designed to find a carcinogenic gene from colon cancer using microsatellite marker on 17th and 18th chromosome from 30 subjects. The LOH was investigated in order of D18S59 57% (17/30), TP53CA 50% (15/30), D18S68 47% (14/30), D18S69 43% (13/30). The genetic mutation depends on loci of colorectal carcinoma was shown higher with 2.44 from colon cancer than with 1.25 from right colorectal carcinoma (p<0.032). The genetic mutation with lymph nodes was investigated higher with 2.69 at mutated group than with 1.14 at non-mutated group (p<0.003). At genetic mutated pattern depends on disease stage, there was higher significant difference at III-IV stage 2.50 than that of I-II stage 1.17, respectively (p=0.015). There was no difference at comparison between histological classification and serological CEA increase. The loss on 18q21 found in this study is highly recurrence loci and was observed 43% for Korean with high recurrence. Therefore, LOH is a very useful tool to detect 18q21 loci in clinical application, prior to the treatment of colorectal carcinoma. After the operation of colorectol carcinoma, the efficient application using LOH at operated part tissue which is designed to protect the recurrence as well as its cure will be needed.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1244-1247
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• 2003

발효 및 유산균 제품에 모유만을 먹은 생후 3개월된 유아의 분변으로부터 bromocresol pule을 함유한 MRS 배지에서 노란색의 집락을 형성하는 균주들을 내산성 및 담즙산 내성이 우수한 13종의 Lactobacillus 균주들을 분리하였으며 당발효성 및 생화학적 실험을 토대로 분리된 유산균들을 동정하였다. 최종적으로 선발한 균주를 L. acidophilus로 KY1909로 명명하였다. Lactic acid 생성 능력을 평가한 후 이성질체를 분석한 결과 상업적으로 이용되는 L. acidophilus NCFM, L. acidophilus CH5, L. acidophilus NOCKS 균주들은 전체 lactic acid 중에서 L(+) form이 차지하는 비율이 각각 52.49, 40.63 및 63.13%로 나타났으나, L. acidophilus KY1909는 L(+) lactic acid의 비율이 93.96%로 나타났다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.547-555
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• 1997

This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of the elderly from low income areas and its relationship with the indices of immunity. Ninety nine(male : 28, female : 71) healthy, subjects aged over 65 years staying in homes in Seoul were assessed with regard to their dietary intake and biochemical measurements. Their mean daily energy intakes were 1256kcal and 109kcal for males and females respectively. Mean serum IgG were 2356mg/dl in men and 2161mg/dl for women, higher than the normal range. Mean serum $C_3$ were 120.9mg/dl and 130.6mg/dl for males and females respectively and mean $C_4$ were 30.6mg/dl and 31.9mg/dl. The mean $C_3$ and $C_4$ were within the normal range and the proportion of subjects whose $C_3$ and $C_4$ were at a higher level than the upper limit were 15.4$\%$ and 16.3$\%$ respectively. Complement $C_3$ showed significant correlation with serum albumin(p〈0.01), serum cholesterol(p〈0.00l, serum TG(p〈0.05), LDL-C(p$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$$\ll$q0.001), VLDL-C(p$\ll$0.05), serum copper(p$\ll$0.05) and serum Ca(p$\ll$0.01). (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(4) : 547-555, 1997)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.432-443
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• 2000

Smoking can increase oxidative stress and thereby change the antioxidant defense system in the body. Supplementation of antioxidant vitamins might improve antioxidant status in the body. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation and smoking cessation education on changes of antioxidant status and psychosocial factors related to smoking. To obtain above purposes, we investigated the effectiveness of intervention for male adolescent smokers were evalnate by assessing changes in dietary intakes, plasma antioxidant vitamin concentration, and psychosocial factors related to smoking after program completion. Subjects, male adolescent smokers, were assigned into four groups : Control group(19 students), Educ. group(19 students), Vit. C supple. group(19 students), and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group(19 students). The Educ. group and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group received nutrition and smoking cessation education once a week for 5 weeks. Vit. C suppl. group and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group received 500 mg per day of ascorbic acid for 35 days. All data were collected before and after intervention. Vit. B$_2$and Vit. C intakes of all groups were increased, but the only Ca intake was increased in the Educ. group. Plasma Vit. C concentration and Ratio(plasma Vit. C/Vit. C intakes) were increased in the Vit. C suppl. group and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group, and the Vit. C deficiency status of these groups(Vit. C suppl. group and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group) disappeared. Showing the effects of Vit. C supplementation, plasma $\alpha$-tocopherol was increased in the Educ. and Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group, and especially high increases were seen in the Educ.+Vit. C suppl. group. Psychosocial factors related to smoking changed after the education a little. This intervention program had an impact on nutrition intakes, plasma antioxidant vitamins, and some beliefs related to smoking in male adolescent students. Various programs of nutrition and smoking cessation education and vitamin supplementation for quitting smoking must be implemented for adolescent smokers, and further studies are needed regarding sorts and amount of antioxidant nutrients and supplementation periods.