• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 1998

Introduction : In Korea, national attention to the workplace health promotion programs (HPP) for employees began in early 1990s. Governmental supports for the HPP and education programs have given to the employees. The purpose of this study is to find the performance degree of employees' health promoting lifestyle(HPL). Subjects and Methods : For this study, 615 employees who attended governmental educations were selected as research samples. The tool for measuring HPL used in this study was developed for Korean by In-Sook Park in 1995. It is composed of 4-point scaled 60 items and divided into 11 subcategories. The data were collected by self reporting questionnaires from June to December in 1997. Those data were analyzed percentile, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test with SAS program. Major findings are as follows; 1. The total mean score of the employees' HPL performance was 2.66. The average scores of 'harmonious relationships' category were the highest as 3.11, whereas the one of 'professional health maintenance' were the lowest as 2.02. The remains were 'sanitary life'(2.90), 'emotional support(2.85), 'regular diet'(2.84), 'self achievement'(2.78), 'healthy diet'(2.56), 'rest and sleep'(2.56), 'exercise and activity'(2.54), 'diet control'(2.53), 'self-control'(2.52). 2. The factors affecting HLP were category of industries and sex, age, marital status, education level, major, educational experience of health promotion, among personal characteristics. The employees of service industries, female, older age, married, nurse, educated for health promotion, graduated from junior college performed HLP more than the others. 3. The participation rates of employees for HPP were 12.4%, because of limited time and facilities and equipments. Recommendations; 1. The regulation for performing the health promotion programs in the industries is essential for activating industrial health promoting movement. 2. More governmental supports for educations and services for health promotion programs in the industries are needed. 3. For behavioral changes of the employees, the contents of educations have to consist of exercise and activity, rest and sleep, diet and smoking habits. 4. The evaluating studies for ready made health promotion programs in the industries are expected.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.116-132
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• 2008

Objective: This study investigated the effects of Bimanbang-1 (肥滿1號方: here in after referred to BMB-1) on the obese gene and obese inhibitory. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were induced by high fat diet. Mice were divided into three groups (normal, high fat diet with control, high fat diet with BMB-1 extract) and fed for 15 weeks. Items of this experimental study are as follows: body weight change, final body weight, the weight change of the adipocytes in body, the level change of LFT, NEFA and creatinine, the expression of ${\beta}3AR$ and leptin gene in primary adipocytes, the production change of leptin in primary adipocytes, the expression of ${\beta}3AR$, leptin and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in adipocytes tissue. Result: 1. All experimental groups showedthat the weight change decreased considerably and the high density group showedthat the final weight decreased considerably. 2. The high density group showed that the amount of the adipocyte in weight decreased considerably. 3. All experimental groups showedthat the amount of ALT decreased considerably, and AST decreased in the high density group. However, the amount of creatinine and glucose did not increase considerably. 4. All experimental groups showed that the amount of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and NEFA decreased, and HDL-cholesterol increased considerably. 5. The high density groups showedthat the amount of leptin decreased considerably. 6. All experimental groups showed that the revelation of ${\beta}3AR$ in primary adipose cell and 3T3-L1 cell increased considerably, and that the revelation of leptin and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in primary adipose cellsand 3T3-L1 cells decreased considerably. 7. All experimental groups showed that the size of adipocyte in adipocytes tissue decreased. 8. All experimental groups showed that the adipose vacuoles in liver tissue decreased considerably. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Bimanbang-1 causes weight loss and histological change, thus it may be effective to treat obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.124-136
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• 2002

As the elderly population has increased in recent years in Korea chronic degenerative diseases prevalent in the aged have garnered attention in relation to food behavior. In general, dietary intakes of elderly Koreans were inadequate in quality as well as in quantity. Especially, intakes of Ca, vitamin A, and riboflavin along with total energy were insufficient. They tended to consume high carbohydrate and low fat energy rates which may be resulted from long standing vegetable-based flood patterns. Relationships between dietary intakes and indices of cardiovascular diseases revealed that blood pressures and serum lipids patterns tended to be poor in individuals having high abdominal fat accumulations which seemed to be related with dietary consumption of high carbohydrate and insufficient intake of many nutrients. These results suggested that a nutritionally balanced diet including animal sources floods is needed in order to prevent an abdominal obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The bone health status of the Korean elderly appeared poor. It was more serious in women recording a higher prevalence rate of osteopenia and osteoporosis than in men. There were strong associations between dietary factors and bone health status. Bone mineral density was found to be higher with higher intakes of protein energy rate, the total amount of feeds, and many nutrients including Ca and p, indicating that a good quality diet is essential in maintaining healthy bone status in later life. mental health condition of the elderly as measured by cognitive function and the degree of depression was also inadequate and had strong association with dietary consumption. The positive results were obtained in individuals having an adequate dict. Therefore, it could be summarized that the physical as well as mental health in elderly Koreans are highly related with their dietary patterns. Thus, the older adults need te consume nutritionally well balanced diet in sufficient amount, which contains various flood items including significant amounts of animal source floods in a daily diet in order to maintain healthy condition.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.94-102
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• 2014

Diet attrition and failure of long term treatment are very frequent in obese patients. This study aimed to identify pre-treatment variables determining dropout and to customise the characteristics of those most likely to abandon the program before treatment, thus making it possible to modify the therapy to increase compliance. A total of 146 outpatients were consecutively enrolled; 73 patients followed a prescriptive diet while 73 followed a novel brief group Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (CBT) in addition to prescriptive diet. The two interventions lasted for six months. Anthropometric, demographic, psychological parameters and feeding behaviour were assessed, the last two with the Italian instrument VCAO Ansisa; than, a semi-structured interview was performed on motivation to lose weight. To identify the baseline dropout risk factors among these parameters, univariate and multivariate logistic models were used. Comparison of the results in the two different treatments showed a higher attrition rate in CBT group, despite no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms (P = 0.127). Dropout patients did not differ significantly from those who did not dropout with regards to sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), history of cycling, education, work and marriage. Regardless of weight loss, the most important factor that determines the dropout appears to be a high level of stress revealed by General Health Questionnaire-28 items (GHQ-28) score within VCAO test. The identification of hindering factors during the assessment is fundamental to reduce the dropout risk. For subjects at risk, it would be useful to dedicate a stress management program before beginning a dietary restriction.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.23-34
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• 1979

Adequate intake of nutrients exert a profound influence on the physical and spiritual development of children. Thus, it is important to children and their mothers about nutrition and selection of nutritious foods. In order to underline the importance of nutrition for children, this study investigated and analyzed food habits of children expecially those in preschool ages, to obtain basic data to develop effective educational materials related to nutrition. dietary habits of 61 boys and 44 girls in the average age of six were surveyed through their mothers. Results therefrom are as follows : 1. Only 17 per cent of the mothers questioned replied that they considered the balance of diet in preparing meals, while 58.1% of the mothers gave precedence to the liking of their family . The lower the educational level of a mother , the higher her stress on the food preference of her family. 2. Seventy six of the mothers said they understand the basic food group , but only one mother displayed an accurate knowledge about it. 3. As for between meal eating , 82.9% took fruits, 68.6% milk, 35.2 bread, and 33.3% cookies. 4. Problems with food habits of children were : Unbalanced diet for 43.8% of children ,eating of snacks at irregular intervals for 26.7% and TV impact for 5.7%. 5. Children's food habits are greatly influenced by their parents, In the case of animal liver, 32.1 % of the children surveyed do not like to eat it, while 35.8% have never tasted it . 27.9% of children also do not like to eat cereals. Children's likes and dislikes with regarded to foods were influenced greatly by their parents. Thus, it is urgent to educate mothers about balanced diet and basic food group. Children will have to be taught to understand unfavorable effects of unbalanced diet so that they may correct their unsound food habits. This study also indicated the need for developing new cooking methods for those food items which are very liked by children to be a major cause of their unbalanced dietary habits.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2006

Diel changes in the feeding habits of Rudarius ercodes were investigated in an eelgrass bed of Jindong Bay, Korea. The main food components for R. ercodes (1.6~ 4.3 cm SL) were gammarid amphipods, eelgrass, polychaetes and urochordates. Most dietary items were inhabitants of an eelgrass bed. Diel variations in diet and feeding activity occurred. The diet of R. ercodes underwent changes from eelgrass and gammarid amphipods (omnivore) at day to mainly gammarid amphipods, polychaetes, and urochordates (carnivore) at night. Rudarius ercodes probably took detached eelgrass leaves and grazed live eelgrass during day, whereas feeding on gammarid amphipods, polychaetes, urochordates, and bivalves were facilitated by nocturnal movement and activity of these prey during night. The feeding activity of R. ercodes was also correlated with periods of high tides.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.634-641
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• 2007

In order to investigate the effects of Bogigambi-tang(here in after referred to BGGBT) on the obese gene and obese inhibitory, C57BL/6 mice were induced by high fat diet. C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups(normal, high fat diet with control, high fat diet with BGGBT extract) and fed for 15 weeks. Items of this experimental study are as follows. Body weight change, final inclose of body weight, the weight change of the adipocytes in body, the level change of ALT, AST, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, free fatty acid and creatinine, the expression of ${\beta}$3AR and leptin gene in primary adipocytes, the production change of leptin in primary adipocytes, the expression of ${\beta}$3AR and leptin in adipocytes tissue. The following results have been obtained All experimental group have shown that the weight and the final increase of weight have decreased considerably. All experimental group have shown that the amount of the adipocyte in weight has decreased considerably. All experimental group have shown that the amount of leptin has decreased considerably. All experimental group have shown that the revelation of ${\beta}$3AR in primary adipose cell and 3T3-L1 cell has increased considerably, and that the revelation of leptin in primary adipose cell and 3T3-L1 cell has decreased considerably, All experimental group have shown that the size of adipocyte in adipocytes tissue has decreased. The high density group have shown that the adipose vacuoles in liver tissue has decreased considerably, and that the cell nucleuses has similar with normal group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.406-417
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• 2022

Purpose: The incidence of chronic diseases is increasing and the age of onset is decreasing in South Korea. Healthy eating habits to prevent chronic diseases are established in adolescence. This study verified the identified factors and dynamics that affect diet self-assessment for sustainable adolescent health and the prevention of chronic diseases. Methods: Data were collected from 492 middle and high school students in South Korea from June to July 2018, and the participants answered a questionnaire on dietary safety management competency for sustainable health. Results: The healthy dietary self-assessment scores of overweight/obese adolescents and adolescents who perceived their health as normal were significantly lower than those of other groups. Factor analysis verified the validity of the items that comprised each study area before a multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the factors affecting healthy dietary self-assessment. Sweet and salty diets, anxiety, food and nutrition knowledge, weight management knowledge, stress management, exercise, basic eating habits, and healthy eating habits significantly affected healthy dietary assessment among adolescents. A higher perception of one's health indicated a higher healthy dietary self-assessment, dietary safety knowledge, and health management practice scores (p < 0.01). Factors like healthy dietary self-assessment, food and nutrition knowledge, and weight management knowledge appear to have a significant correlation with other identified factors, except overeating. The adolescents' awareness, knowledge, and dietary safety practices influenced healthy dietary self-assessment, which can prevent chronic diseases and achieve sustainable health. Conclusion: This study illustrated how the adolescents' awareness, knowledge, and practices of dietary safety influenced their healthy diet self-assessment. The results indicate that diet-based health management competency education relative to the adolescents' self-perception and weight levels should be implemented.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

This study was performed to identify the nutritional status and eating behaviors of underweight adolescent females aged 15 to 19 years. The subjects were selected using data from 2001 NHANS of Korea, and included 28 underweight and 160 normal-weight subjects. We found that the underweight group had significantly lower weight (9.8 kg), waist (6.9 cm), and hip circumference (7.2 cm) values than the normal-weight group; however height and waist-hip ratio were not different. Serum indices were within normal ranges and showed no differences between the two groups. The energy and nutrient intakes of most of the subjects were considered poor. For intake levels, the proportion of subjects below the EAR, NAR and INQ of each nutrient were also not significantly different between the groups. There were no differences in frequency for skipping meals, snacking, and eating-out between the groups. When comparing food frequency data for 62 food items, the underweight group consumed significantly more often of eggs, dried anchovies, mackerel, shellfish, and mushrooms than the normal-weight group. The former also had significantly less excercise/walking, more diet-control, and more rest/sleep than the latter. Subjects in both of two groups perceived their body images as over weight, so they practiced diet-control to reduce body weight, which is considered harmful as a healthy weight. In conclusion, the underweight group showed no differences in items of biochemical indices, nutrient intakes, and many dietary behaviors, but subjects revealed significantly higher food intake frequencies for several protein foods, as well as less excercise/walking, and more rest/sleep than the normal-weight group.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.111-127
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the relationships between children's physical growth and health and their raising conditions and to find out the important conditions to improve their physical growth and health. The rasing conditions were classified into three major parts; i. e., family conditions, conditions of nutrition up-taking, and conditions of rest or sleep and exercise or play. Then, the questionnaire including the items to survey these three areas of raising condition and the items to evaluate the health status were given to children' mothers or fathers and filled up by them. The data of their 4 anthropometric measures; body weight, stature, sitting height and chest girth, were also collected from their latest records of health examination. The data of health status were converted to health scores representing 6 domains of health; digestive organs, respiratory organs, auto-nerve systems, fatigue, others and health as a whole. Then, correlations of raising conditions were determined with four antropometric measures and 6 health scores as criterion variables. Then, number of families to live together, and child's birth order in the domain of family conditions, habits of unbalanced diet, eating frequency of eggs, fruits, green and yellow vegetables, light colored vegetables, milk products in the domain of nutrition up-take, and the time for study at home, the place for play, the number of friends to play with together, the hours for playing out of door, the hours for playing sports, and the hours to move their body for assisting house keeping were picked out to investigate their relationships with physical growth and health status. Then, their habits of unbalanced diet and eating frequency of eggs, green or yellow colored vegetables, and milk products were found more influential conditions and more over, birth order, the time for study at home, the time to play out of door showed moderate degree of connection with physical growth and health status in early childhood.