• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.378-383
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• 2016

Diabetic kidney disease is the most common and severe chronic complication of diabetes. The leaf of Diospyros kaki Thumb (persimmon) has been commonly used for herbal tea and medicinal purposes to treat a variety of conditions, including hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, the effect of persimmon leaf on kidney failure has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the role of persimmon leaf in protecting the diabetes-associated kidney damage in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Mice were fed either a normal chow diet with or without powered persimmon leaf (5%, w/w) for 5 weeks. In addition to kidney morphology and blood markers of kidney function, we assessed levels of oxidative stress markers as well as antioxidant enzymes activities and mRNA expression in the kidney. Supplementation of the diet with powered persimmon leaf not only decreased the concentration of blood urea nitrogen in the plasma but also improved glomerular hypertrophy. Furthermore, the persimmon leaf significantly decreased the levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxide in the kidney. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and the mRNA expression of their respective genes were also increased in the kidney of persimmon leaf-supplemented db/db mice. Taken together, these results suggest that supplementation with the persimmon leaf may have protective effects against type 2 diabetes-induced kidney dysfunction and oxidative stress.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2022

Background: The use of combination therapy and fixed-dose combination therapy is increasing for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) is a drug class used in combination with metformin. Methods: Type 2 diabetes patients on SGLT2i/metformin combination therapy were extracted from the 2019 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample. On July 1, 2019, SGLT2i and metformin fixed-dose combination (SGLT2i/metformin FDC) and two-pill combination (TPC) groups were identified, and a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were performed. Results: Of total 2,992 patients, 1,077 (36%) were prescribed SGLT2i/metformin FDC and 1,915 (64%) were prescribed TPC. We found that the most common comorbidities were in the order of dyslipidemia, gastrointestinal disease, and hypertension. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the use of SGLT2i/metformin FDC was lower than TPC in patients with diabetic neuropathy (OR=0.76, p=0.008). Clinic (OR=2.09, p<0.001) and general hospital (OR=1.40, p=0.019) showed higher tendency to prescribe SGLT2i/metformin FDC compared to tertiary hospital. The tendency of prescribing SGLT2i/metformin FDC was lower in Kyeonggi (OR=0.79, p=0.037), Gyeongsang (OR=0.77, p=0.025) and Chungcheong (OR=0.68, p=0.007) than Seoul. Conclusion: Factors related to the use of SGLT2i/metformin FDC in patients with type 2 diabetes were complication, medical institution and region. The tendency to prescribe SGLT2i/metformin FDC was relatively higher in clinics than in tertiary general hospitals and in Seoul than in other regions.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was to investigate the regulatory effect of electro-acupuncture on Jogsamni ($ST_{36}$) in bradygastric condition or gastroparesis which is a neuropathic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), assessed using 4-channel electrogastrography (EGG). Methods : It was a case series study. Each patient was given electro-acupuncture(EA) one point, Jogsamni($ST_{36}$) or Gyeonu($LI_{15}$) bilaterally for thirty minutes with 2Hz bipolar square wave frequency and moderate intensity of stimulation. With attaching electrodes around stomach region throughout pre-acupuncture, acupuncture, and post-acupuncture session, these parameters were produced; percent rate of bradygastria power compared to sum of power in all kind of gastric rhythm(% bradygastria), dominant frequency(DF) and dominant power(DP). Parameter was analysed per each channel's variable change from pre-acupuncture session by paired t-test. Results : There was statistically significant decrease in % bradygastria parameters on one of the $ST_{36}$ treated patients from pre-acupuncture session and to post-acupuncture session(P=0.015, P=0.008 respectively). A marginal significant decrease of DP was shown in the other $ST_{36}$ treated patient from pre-acupuncture session through post-acupuncture session(P=0.049). Combined data of two $ST_{36}$ Treated patients showed that there was significant decrease of %bradygastria from pre-acupuncture session to acupuncture session(P=0.020), and was decrease of DP from pre-acupuncture session to post- acupuncture session(P=0.020). Conclusions : EA at $ST_{36}$ resulted in statistically significant decrease in %bradygastria and DP for dysrhythmic condition in T2DM gastroparesis patients. Considering this limited results, further study will be needed to elucidate the effect of multiple-acupuncture on gastric myoelectrical activities.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2008

흰양삼, 황기, 감초, 구기자, 뽕나무잎, 갈근, 하고초, 오갈피,오미자, 황금, 산약, 황정, 작약, 생지를 1 : 0.7 : 0.4 : 0.7 : 0.4 :0.7 : 1.1 : 0.9 : 0.4 : 0.4 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.9 : 0.9의 비율로 함유한 한약재 조성물의 혈당 및 지질대사 개선효과를 제2형 당뇨동물 모델인 db/db 마우스에 있어서 조사하였다. In vitro에서 한약 재조성물 메탄올 추출물의 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 경구 혈당강하제로 사용중인 아카보스 (20.7%)에 비해 높은 저해활성 (25.2%)을 나타내었다. 4주령의 수컷 db/db 마우스 (C57BL/KsJ, n = 14)를 1주간의 적응기간이 지난 후 2군으로 나누어 대조군에게는 AIN-93G diet를 기본으로 한 basal diet를, 실험군에게는 동결건조된 한약재조성물 가루를 식이의 10% 수준으로 함유한 식이를 6주간 제공하였다. 한약 재조성물의 섭취는 실험동물의 체중 및 식이 섭취량에 유의적인 영향을 주지 않았으나 공복 혈당 (442.5 ${\pm}$ 36.0mg/dL)을 대조군 (489.8 ${\pm}$ 34.6mg/dL)에 비해 유의적으로 감소시켰다 (p < 0.05). 또한 한약재조성물 섭취군의 혈장 콜레스테롤 (159.2 ${\pm}$ 18.4mg/dL) 농도는 대조군 (185.4 ${\pm}$ 13.7mg/dL)에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였으며 (p < 0.05), 혈장 중성지방 농도는 한약재 조성물 섭취군 (99.4 ${\pm}$ 15.0mg/dL)이 대조군 (108.8 ${\pm}$11.0mg/dL)에 비해 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 한약 재조성물의 섭취는 당뇨동물모델에 있어서 혈당 및 혈장 콜레스테롤 농도를 감소시켜, 당뇨병 개선 및 당뇨합병증 예방에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.