• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 2016

There are small box opening for inserting of electric lamp box in the slab of apartment. Around this box opening, we normally use the detailing of WWF or plastic ring strengthening to protect cracks induced by shrinkage. The shrinkage amount of slab box around was measured and analysed in order to consider validity of these strengthening methods and to find out economical alternative. Alternative of strengthening methods are normally used strengthening methods in construction companies, which are WWF strengthening, plastic ring strengthening and no strengthening methods. The shrinkage amount was measured using contact guage at the spot of tip attached around the box on slab of small area unit apartment which have small exclusive area below $59m^2$. Measured data shows that there are no big differences between all the 3 strengthening methods and Measure data range is $-264{\mu}{\varepsilon}{\sim}+216{\mu}{\varepsilon}$. Measured shrinkage is on trend slightly increase till 3~5weeks after removal of forms and then decrease. But amount of shrinkage are very low for all the slabs and there are no probabilities of concrete crack by shrinkage.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2010

Although work-efficiency of construction machinery is a critical factor for estimating its workable-quantity perunit time, the efficiency figure table presented in the Poom-Sam that is used for Construction Cost Estimation of public sectors in Korea is very subjective for practical usage. In order to suggest objective work-efficiency table for a Pump-Dredger, domestic and overseas documentary records were investigated and on-going construction sites were also visited. Moreover, actual work quantities collected from the site visits were compared with the ones calculated based on the Standard Measurement Methods used in Japan. The research found that the table can be revised by means of detailing down by several factors, namely project type, depth of soil, undersea-site shape, and condition on the sea for better estimation of its workable-quantity. The research will be the foundation for applying the rapid development of Construction Equipment and technology to the appropriate cost estimations and the ground work of related studies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.37-49
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• 2013

Purpose - This research identifies the meaning of the core capability level of Car Master and the reason why its service at the Moment of Truth should be demonstrated through empirical cases. It can be seen that this study differs from existing research because it proposes that the recognized core capability level to achieve customer satisfaction should focus on the mediating effect of Moment of Truth quality. This paper examines the effect of Car Master's recognized core capability level on customer satisfaction by using the variables mentioned above. Moreover, this study uses regression analysis to verify that the mediating effect of Moment of Truth quality on Car Master's capability level achieves customer satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology - First, we present evidence that could apply to Car Master's recognized core capability level by detailing the relationship between customer satisfaction and a structuring factor for Car Master's core capability level. Our proposed research model observes the relationship between the structuring factor of core capability and customer satisfaction. Second, we had an opportunity to define how the core capability and Moment of Truth quality affect customer satisfaction by performing empirical analysis on the partial mediating effect of Moment of Truth quality at a recognized core capability level and Moment of Truth quality affecting customer satisfaction. Results - First, the results indicate that Car Master's recognized core capability level (product professionalism, marketing skill, and reliability) positively affects customer satisfaction. Second, the results show that an ability to listen and a sense of dedication positively affect customer satisfaction, and are among the Moment of Truth quality factors; but performance capability, which is one of the Moment of Truth quality factors, does not positively affect customer satisfaction. These results clearly differ from prior studies focused on Moment of Truth quality and consumer satisfaction. Third, the results show that Moment of Truth quality has a partial mediating effect in terms of the impact of Car Master's recognized core capability level in achieving consumer satisfaction. Conclusions - This research indicates that the company will be able to expand if they investigate and show an interest in more training and education for Car Master. The study verified that outstanding Car Masters show differentiated performance on customer satisfaction at the Moment of Truth in various instances. Thus, we believe that this is the time for a discussion on systematic and empirically recognized core capability levels and the Moment of Truth quality. The study on Car Master's recognized core capability level offers suitable solutions for Car Masters to respond to customers at the Moment of Truth. Further, this study emphasizes the importance of service as a critical factor having a direct relationship with the company's success and failure and contributing to building trust with the customer. Thus, an investment in continuous education and training for Car Master will help the growth of the business.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.752-757
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• 2016

Machine to Machine (M2M) communications is communications between a business application and devices via a communication network without any direct human interaction. The aim of our research is to connect any M2M device with an M2M AS (Application server) through an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) Network Core using a M2M Gateway, in order to develop an M2M Horizontal Services Platform over IMS. An IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is an architectural framework defined by the wireless standards body of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for delivering IP multimedia services to mobile users. This paper shows the design and implementation of a Horizontal M2M Network Services Platform over an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) using the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP). We summarize the protocols and architectures that formed the basis for the creation of our architecture. We provide a detailed description of our architecture design, describing the call flow of the proposed architecture and the entities operating in each process. We also describe the design and implementation process detailing the different tools used, explaining the selection of each component and its importance; also how we designed and implemented the M2M gateway, M2M Application Server, Open IMS Core, business application and M2M devices.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.54-63
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• 2014

Corrugated steel plate structure, which is built by assembling corrugated steel plate segments with bolts on site and filling the surroundings with quality soil, is widely used for buried structures as a eco-corridors, small bridges, and closed conduits. This experimental study is dealt with the static and fatigue performance of bolt connected corrugated steel plates under flexural loading. The experimental variables to verify the fatigue performance are bolt diameters and detailing of connection such as washer and the corrugation dimension of specimens has a $400{\times}150$ mm. The experimental ultimate strength of specimens under static loading was higher than the theoretical strength and all specimen failed by a bearing and tearing failure of bolt hole of upper plate. Therefore, a fatigue tests of specimens had 6.0mm and 7.0mm thickness was conducted in which the load range was up to 209kN and 516kN, respectively. From the fatigue test, failure patterns are changed from plate bearing and tearing which is a typical failure pattern of static failure to a bearing failure of plate and shear failure of bolt, and experimental fatigue limit at $2{\times}10^6$cycles is about 85MPa.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.277-282
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• 2016

British Pharmacopoeia (BP 2013), the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP 39) and the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KP XI) contain monographs for the quality control of raw diosmin using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, official monographs detailing pharmaceutical formulations for diosmin are not available in foreign pharmacopoeias. In the KP XI, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy-which is less specific than HPLC-is reported for the testing of diosmin capsules. In this study, we present an alternative HPLC assay for such testing that is more specific than UV-Vis methods. Method validation was performed to determine linearity, precision, accuracy, system suitability, and robustness. The linearity of calibration curves in the desired concentration range was high ($r^2$>0.999), while the RSDs for intra- and inter-day precision were 0.15-0.29 % and 1.05-1.74%, respectively. Accuracies ranged from 101.2-103.2 %, while the retention time and peak area RSDs were 0.37 % and 0.06 %, respectively. Additionally, the plate number and asymmetry factor values for diosmin were 3591.293 and 1.35, respectively. Since the intermediate-precision and robustness of the assay were satisfactory, this method will be a valuable addition to the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KP XI).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.54-60
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the garden details of Carla Scarpa in order to understand his selection and composition of materials, detailing style and symbolism of the spaces. Literature review and a field trip were conducted for the study and the results are as follows. First, Scarpa used vernacular materials such as Murano glass and Istrian limestone, and juxtaposed various materials using contrast of color and texture. His mixed uses of traditional and modern materials shows the passage of time. Second, he create his own detail style such as ziggurat and geometric motif, which make the garden space to look more interesting and rich. Scarpa respected local craftsmanship like glass design and used textile design style such as overlaying. Third, symbolic uses of water features help make narrative and poetic gardens. Scarpa's unique detail style and respects for traditional craftsmanship provide lessons on how to interpretate traditional design style in modern garden.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2019

Background and Objectives : Pediatric vocal health problems are relatively common. However, it is not yet well studied whether uniform diagnosis and treatment is done properly in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the methods that the Korean speech therapists use to diagnose and treat pediatric voice problem. Materials and Method : An anonymous online questionnaire was administered to 32 speech language therapists registered at the Korean laryngeal speech linguistics society detailing demographics, employment institution, general management of pediatric patients with vocal problem including assessment and treatment procedures. Results : Current practice patterns were analyzed on 32 speech language therapists providing services in South Korea mostly working at tertiary university hospital. One third of pediatric patients were assessed without proceeding to treatment. One fifth of patients were treated without assessment. Perceptual assessment was the main pretreatment assessment methods used. Treatment was done in the following order : Voice rest, SOVT, yawn-sigh and resonant voice. Post-treatment evaluation was used in the following order : Instrumental assessment, clinical judgment, and recording comparison. Conclusion : Speech language therapists practice in South Korea mostly follows the ASHA practice guidelines. However, there are still great amount of cases in which only the evaluation was done without appropriate treatment. Further research is needed to make SPLs more systematic and efficient for evaluating and treating pediatric vocal patients.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1109-1124
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• 2016

We examined the effect of stereotype threat (STT) on spatial working memory and facial emotion recognition in Korean elderly. In addition, we investigated the role of expected moderator such as self-perception of aging. Seventeen seniors (male=7) received basic cognitive tests including K-WMS-IV, MMSE and answered self-report questionnaires including self-perception of aging, anxiety of aging, attitude toward aging and age identity on the first visit. On the second visit, they were exposed to negative stereotype by reading a script detailing cognitive decline related to aging while a control group was exposed to a neutral content. Following the exposure, they were tested on a spatial-working memory task (Corsi-block tapping task) and emotion recognition task (facial expression identification task). The results showed that the seniors exposed to STT showed significantly lower performance on emotion recognition task (p < .05) (i.e., especially on the more difficult facial stimuli). In addition, there was a significant interaction between STT and self-perception of aging (p< .05), indicating that those who have positive self-perception of aging did not show impairment in emotion recognition task and difficult spatial working memory task under STT. On the other hand, those with negative self-perception of aging showed impaired performance under STT. Taken together, the current study suggests that being exposed to STT could negatively influence cognitive and emotional functioning of elderly. Interestingly, having a positive self-perception of aging could protect the underperformance caused by STT.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.546-558
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• 2020

While industrialization has provided in abundance, the pollution it creates has caused untold damage to the environment, increasing the frequency and severity of natural disasters through changes in global climate patterns. The World Risk Forum's (WEF) World Risk Report presented the results of a survey of experts from around the world detailing the most influential risk factors over the next decade. Notably, the failure to respond to climate change ranked first and the global water crisis third. The extreme drought in the western Chungnam province was unexpected in 2016. At the time, the water level of Boryeong Dam was drastically decreased due to receiving less than half the average recorded rainfall in the region that year. The Boryeong Dam diversion pipeline has the capacity to solve the water shortage problem between these two regions by providing water from Geumgang to the western part of Chungnam, including Boryeong City. Current weather trends suggest drought is likely to continue in western Chungnam, which uses the Boryeong Dam as an intake source. This makes it necessary to operate Boryeong Dam diversion pipeline in an efficient and effective manner. SWAT is a watershed scale model developed to predict the impact of land management practices on water. The SWAT model was used in this study to evaluate the adequacy of the Boryeong Dam diversion pipeline operational plan by comparing it to present Boryeong Dam diversion pipeline operation. By investigating the number of days required to reach each reservoir stage, we determined that the number of days required to reach the boundary stage was less than that of the current operation. This determination accounts for the caveats that the Boryeong Dam waterway was not operated and only one pump will be operated from October to May of next year. As our results suggest, the most stable operation scenario is to operate two pumps at all times. This can be accomplished by operating two pumps from the caution stage to increase the number of pumps whenever the stage is raised. In addition to the stable operation of the Boryeong Dam pipeline, policy considerations are required with regard to imposing a water use charge on users of the Boryeong Dam region.