• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2017

본 연구는 영상처리 알고리즘을 활용하여 영상 기반의 카툰을 제작하는 저작 시스템인 IMToon(IMage-based carToon)을 제안한다. 제안하는 IMToon은 영상을 기반으로 하여 일반 사용자들도 쉽고 효율적으로 카툰을 구성하는 프레임들을 제작할 수 있도록 한다. 이를 위해 저작시스템을 크게 카툰 이펙터와 대화형 이야기 편집기의 두 기능으로 나누어 설계한다. 카툰 이펙터는 입력 영상을 카툰 형식의 영상으로 자동 변환하는 기능으로 영상기반 카툰 쉐이딩과 윤곽 드로잉의 단계로 진행된다. 영상기반 카툰 쉐이딩은 사용자로부터 원하는 장면의 사진을 입력으로 받아 입력 사진의 컬러 모델에서 명암 정보를 분리하고, 원하는 단계의 음영대로 단순화하여 카툰 형식의 영상으로 생성하는 방법이다. 그리고 테두리 검출을 통해 쉐이딩된 영상에 윤곽선을 적용시키는 윤곽 드로잉 단계를 거쳐 최종적으로 카툰 형식의 영상을 생성한다. 대화형 이야기 편집기는 웹툰이나 만화책과 같이 이야기를 전달하는 완성된 카툰의 한 장면을 생성하기 위하여 말풍선과 자막 등을 대화형 구조로 입력하는 기능이다. 여기에 단일 영상을 카툰방식으로 변환하는 카툰 이펙터를 비디오로 확장시켜 정지 영상 뿐 아니라 동영상에도 응용할 수 있도록 설계한다. 마지막으로 제안한 IMToon 시스템을 통해 사용자가 원하는 카툰을 영상을 기반으로 보다 쉽고 효율적으로 제작할 수 있는지 여부를 다양한 실험을 통해 확인한다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2015

Because of the development of computers and high-technology applications, all devices that we use have become more intelligent. In recent years, security and surveillance systems have become more complicated as well. Before new technologies included video surveillance systems, security cameras were used only for recording events as they occurred, and a human had to analyze the recorded data. Nowadays, computers are used for video analytics, and video surveillance systems have become more autonomous and automated. The types of security cameras have also changed, and the market offers different kinds of cameras with integrated software. Even though there is a variety of hardware, their capabilities leave a lot to be desired. Therefore, this drawback is trying to compensate by dint of computer program solutions. Image processing is a very important part of video surveillance and security systems. Capturing an image exactly as it appears in the real world is difficult if not impossible. There is always noise to deal with. This is caused by the graininess of the emulsion, low resolution of the camera sensors, motion blur caused by movements and drag, focus problems, depth-of-field issues, or the imperfect nature of the camera lens. This paper reviews image processing, pattern recognition, and image digitization techniques, which will be useful in security services, to analyze bio-images, for image restoration, and for object classification.

• 감성과학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.3-16
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• 2018

빛이 제품의 디자인 조형 요소로 적극적으로 사용되고 있는 추세에 반해, 제품 구매의 주체인 고객이 소구하는 제품의 빛 디자인에 대한 체계적인 연구가 요구되고 있다. 제품의 빛과 관련 연구는 특정 소구 감성을 달성하기 위한 최적 조명 조건을 도출하는 제한되어 새로운 디자인 요소로써 빛에 소구되는 감성적 효과에 대해 우선 분석이 진행될 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 제품의 빛에 대해 고객이 소구하는 감성의 종류가 무엇인지 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하였는데, 특히 제품의 주요 디자인 요소로써 빛을 활용하고 있는 냉장고 제품을 대상으로 하였다. 소구 감성을 도출하기 위해 다지선다형 선택지와 단답형 주관식 문항을 혼합한 통합연구법을 적용하였다. 실험에서는 조명의 색과 배치가 다른 비슷한 형태의 냉장고 이미지 서너 개씩 그룹화하여 총 12종의 자극물 그룹을 구성하였다. 그리고 참여자(N = 50)로 하여금 각 그룹 별로 선호하는 냉장고 이미지를 선택하도록 하고 그 이유에 대해 단답형 주관식 설문을 작성하게 하였다. 그 결과 총 1,035개의 어휘가 수집되었으며, 위 어휘들은 유의어 관계에 의해 총 29종의 어휘그룹으로 정리되었다. 어휘 그룹은 다시 네 가지의 감성 카테고리 - 추상적 인상, 조명의 객관적 특성, 공간과 내용물의 인지, 시각적 편안함 - 으로 최종 분류된 후 네 가지 카테고리 간의 연관성을 기반으로 냉장고 조명에 소구하는 감성과 조명의 객관적 특성 간의 관계 모델을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 탐색적 방법을 이용해서 새로운 디자인 요소가 가져다줄 수 있는 감성적 가치를 발굴하고 이를 평가 척도로 활용하는 과정을 제시하였다는 데에 의의가 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1250-1260
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• 2013

라플라스 피라미드 영상 융합 기반의 대조비 강화기법은 각 자원 영상에서 바람직한 화소를 선택하여 융합할 수 있기 때문에 영상 정보를 충실하게 표현하는 장점이 있다. 하지만 정보 평가를 화소 단위로 수행하기 때문에 영상 잡음에 취약한 문제점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 영상잡음을 억제하는 개선된 영상 융합기반의 대조비 개선 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 자원 영상에 대해 블록 기반의 지역적 노출 적절성과 지역적 동질성의 차를 측정하여 이를 기반으로 가중치 맵을 생성하고 라플라스 피라미드를 구축하여 영상을 결합한다. 다양한 영상에 대한 실험을 통해 종래의 기법에 비해 영상 잡음을 배제된 영상을 만들어 낼 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.764-771
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a high-quality image acquisition algorithm using only a single image, which the high-quality image is normally referred as HDR ones. In order to acquire the HDR image, conventional methods need many images having different exposure values at the same scene and should delicately adjust the color values for a bit-expansion or an exposure fusion. Thus, they require considerable calculations and complex structures. Therefore, the proposed algorithm suggests a completely new approach using one image for the high-quality image acquisition by applying statistical difference and histogram manipulation, or histogram specification, techniques. The techniques could control the pixel's statistical distribution of the input image into the desired one through the local and the global modifications, respectively. As the result, the quality of the proposed algorithm is better than those of conventional methods implemented in commercial image editing softwares.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2024

In AI image generation tools, most general users must use an effective prompt to craft queries or statements to elicit the desired response (image, result) from the AI model. But we are software engineers who focus on software processes. At the process's early stage, we use informal and formal requirement specifications. At this time, we adapt the natural language approach into requirement engineering and toon engineering. Most Generative AI tools do not produce the same image in the same query. The reason is that the same data asset is not used for the same query. To solve this problem, we intend to use informal requirement engineering and linguistics to create a toon. Therefore, we propose a sequence diagram and image generation mechanism by analyzing and applying key objects and attributes as an informal natural language requirement analysis. Identify morpheme and semantic roles by analyzing natural language through linguistic methods. Based on the analysis results, a sequence diagram and an image are generated through the diagram. We expect consistent image generation using the same image element asset through the proposed mechanism.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.158-169
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• 2001

This study was undertaken to assess grade and gender differences in dietary behavior, food preference and perception about body image of students in 4, 5 and 6th grades in elementary school in Kwangju. Anthropometric data showed that mean height and weight were $137.98{\pm}6.79cm\;32.69{\pm}6.09kg$, in the 4th grade, $144.11{\pm}6.91cm,\;36.88{\pm}7.60kg$ in the 5th grade and $151.52{\pm}7.47cm,\;42.68{\pm}8.06kg$ in the 6th grade. Height and weight of male and female students of each grade were very similar to those of the Korean standard Growth data. Females in the 5th and 6th grades were taller than those in male students, which suggested the height growth spurt in females. Furthermore, both genders showed marked variability even in the same group. All the three different obesity indices(BMI, Rohrer and % of ideal body weight) showed higher value in males than in females consistently. Male respondents desired taller and heavier body shape while females perceived they were heavy and desired only taller and thinner body image. There were significant differences in satisfaction with height, weight and body image by grade(p<0.05). 36.7% of subjects responded that they did not eat despite hunger. In higher grade they felt guilty after eating sweet things. Strikingly, it was noted a small number of students tried to take a diet pills or vomited on purpose. Data on food preference showed that female did not like sweet food and pork. While male students preferred red meat and chicken. Thus result indicated that there was a great difference in food preference by gender.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.5998-6016
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• 2017

In thin-film transistor liquid-crystal displays (TFT-LCDs), which are most commonly used in mobile devices, the backlight accounts for about 70% of the power consumption. Therefore, most low-power-related studies focus on realizing power savings through backlight dimming. Image compensation is performed to mitigate the visual distortion caused by the backlight dimming. Therefore, popular techniques include pixel compensation for brightness recovery and contrast enhancement, such as histogram equalization. However, existing pixel compensation techniques often have limitations with respect to blur owing to the pixel saturation phenomenon, or because contrast enhancement cannot adequately satisfy the human visual system (HVS). To overcome these, in this study, we propose a novel dimming technique to achieve both power saving and HVS-awareness by combining the pixel compensation and histogram specifications, which convert the original cumulative density function (CDF) by designing and using the desired CDF of an image. Because the process of obtaining the desired CDF is customized to consider image characteristics, histogram specification is found to achieve better HVS-awareness than histogram equalization. For the experiments, we employ the LIVE image database, and we use the structural similarity (SSIM) index to measure the degree of visual satisfaction. The experimental results show that the proposed technique achieves up to 15.9% increase in the SSIM index compared with existing dimming techniques that use pixel compensation and histogram equalization in the case of the same low-power ratio. Further, the results indicate that it achieves improved HVS-awareness and increased power saving concurrently compared with previous techniques.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.194-207
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• 2000

In this paper, we suggest a vision-based lane change control system, which can be applied on the straight road, without additional sensors such as a yaw rate sensor and a lateral accelerometer. In order to reduce the image processing time, we predict a reference line position during lane change using the lateral dynamics and the inverse perspective mapping. The sliding mode control algorithm with a boundary layer is adopted to overcome variations of parameters that significantly affects a vehicle`s lateral dynamics and to reduce chattering phenomenon. However, applying the sliding mode control to the system with a long sampling interval, the stability of a control system may seriously be affected by the sampling interval. Therefore, in this paper, a look ahead offset has been used instead of a lateral offset to reduce the effect of the long sampling interval due to the image processing time. The control algorithm is developed to follow the desired trajectory designed in advance. In the design of the desired trajectory, we take account of the constraints of lateral acceleration and lateral jerk for ride comfort. The performance of the suggested control system is evaluated in simulations as well as field tests.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.65-68
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• 1999

In this study, an off-line automatic teaching method using vision information for robotic assembly task is proposed. Many of industrial robots are still taught and programmed by a teaching pendant. The robot is guided by a human operator to the desired application locations. These motions are recorded and are later edited, within the robotic language using in the robot controller, and played back repetitively to perform the robot task. This conventional teaching method is time-consuming and somewhat dangerous. In the proposed method, the operator teaches the desired locations on the image acquired through CCD camera mounted on the robot hand. The robotic language program is automatically generated and transferred to the robot controller. This teaching process is implemented through an off-line programming(OLP) software. The OLP is developed for the robotic assembly system used in this study. In order to transform the location on image coordinates into robot coordinates, a calibration process is established. The proposed teaching method is implemented and evaluated on the assembly system for soldering electronic parts on a circuit board. A six-axis articulated robot executes assembly task according to the off-line automatic teaching.