• Wind and Structures
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.253-265
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• 2014

The platform and floating structure of spar type offshore wind turbine systems should be designed in order for the 6-DOF motions to be minimized, considering diverse loading environments such as the ocean wave, wind, and current conditions. The objective of this study is to optimally design the platform and substructure of a 3MW spar type wind turbine system with the maximum postural stability in 6-DOF motions as well as the minimum material cost. Therefore, design variables of the platform and substructure were first determined and then optimized by a hydrodynamic analysis. For the hydrodynamic analysis, the body weight of the system was considered, and the ocean wave conditions were quantified to the wave forces using the Morison's equation. Moreover, the minimal number of computation analysis models was generated by the Design of Experiments (DOE), and the design variables of the platform and substructure were finally optimized by using a genetic algorithm with a neural network approximation.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 파랑하중과 지진하중 하에서의 방파제 설계와 관련한 해석에 대한 하나의 설계지침을 제시하였다. 이를 위해서 파랑하중 중 쇄파대내에서 일어날 수 있는 충격파랑하중을 정량적으로 하나의 모델에 대해 제안된 식에 의해 산출 해 보았다. 널리 사용되는 모리슨 방정식에 의한 파력과 쇄파력으로 야기되는 충격하중을 산술적으로 합하는 방식으로 계산해보았다. 결과적으로 충격하중이 크지 않아, 일반적으로 쇄파파력산정에 있어서 오차범위가 큰 불규칙파의 쇄파대내의 파력공식인 고다식을 사용하는 것은 큰 문제가 없다는 가정을 할 수 있었다. 이에 파랑하중의 경우 항만구조물에 사용되는 고다식을 이용하여 방파제 구조물의 거동을 해석해 보았다. 지진하중의 경우 단주기, 장주기, 인공지진파에 의한 수치해석을 수행하여 방파제의 거동을 해석하였다. 방파제의 설계에 있어서 중요한 것은 설치해역에 적합한 방파제를 선택하는 문제이며 다음으로는 파랑하중과 지진하중의 중요도를 판단하는 것이라 판단된다. 모델을 선정하여 계산해본 결과 파랑하중에 의한 구조물의 거동과 지진하중에 의한 거동이 같은 정도의 구조적인 변화를 나타내는 것으로 판단되어 방파제 설계 시 두 하중을 같은 비중으로 다루어야 할 것으로 판단되어 진다. 방파제 설계의 주요 항목으로 파랑하중과 지진하중이 동시에 중요하다는 점을 제시하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2006

RCS effects of long-crested wave surfaces to marine targets are numerically analyzed using a 4-path model and a direct analysis method, developed based on physical optics and a combined method of physical optics/geometric optics, respectively. Reflectivity of long-crested wave surfaces is described with 'Fresnel reflection coefficients' The MPM(modified Pierson-Moskowitz) ocean spectrum is adopted to simulate long-crested waves in the direct analysis method. A numerical analysis of a benchmark model assures the validity of both methods. The direct analysis method is applied to the RCS calculation of electromagnetically large marine targets, which are vertically oriented or slanted to the long crested wave surfaces randomly generated with various significant wave heights. The long-crested wave surface much highly increases the RCS of the marine target, but those effects are decreased as the significant wave height grows up. At low elevation angle, the vertical model has entirely high RCS comparing slanted model, and the RCS of vertical flat plate is the highest on the calm sea surface, while those of slanted flat plates are the lowest on the calm sea surface. The RCS of marine targets on continuously-varying sea surface is more coherent at lower elevation angles, as well.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권4A호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2012

WAVE(Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment) 시스템은 차량용 통신 기술로서, 차량 운전 중 발생 가능한 사고들을 미연에 방지하기 위한 서비스와 차량기능 관리, 시스템 장애를 모니터링하는 각종 서비스를 제공하기 위해 사용된다. 그러나 WAVE 시스템의 스크램블러 비트 연산은 병렬 처리가 불가능하므로 소프트웨어나 하드웨어 설계의 효율성이 떨어지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 스크램블러의 비트 연산 과정으로 행렬 테이블을 구성하는 알고리즘과 입력 데이터와 행렬 테이블을 병렬 연산하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 스크램블러 알고리즘은 입력 데이터의 입력 단위가 8비트, 16비트, 32비트, 64비트냐에 따라 처리 속도가 다르지만 입력 단위에 따라 병렬 처리가 가능하므로 WAVE 시스템의 처리 속도를 더욱 향상시킨다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

해안구조물의 기능은 파랑과 조류, 침식 등의 자연현상에 복잡하게 거동한다. 이러한 해안구조물의 재료는 파랑과 직접적으로 접하고 있으며 구조물의 안정성에도 직접적으로 영향을 주기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 이러한 이유로 해안구조물은 파랑하중을 받는 동안의 거동과 구조물의 설계기준이 지속적으로 요구되어왔다. 특히 파랑하중과 구조물의 상호작용을 고려한 설계기준 및 연구는 아직도 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 파랑하중으로 인한 해안구조물과 재료의 거동특성을 살펴보았으며, 파랑고에 의해 직접적인 영향을 받게 되는 것을 확인하였다.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2014

For the reliable design of substructure supporting offshore wind turbines it is very important to reduce the effects of wave forces. Since the substructure is strongly influenced by the effects of wave forces as the size of substructure increases. In the present study, the hybrid substructure with multi-cylinder is newly suggested to reduce the effects of wave forces. Using diffraction theory the scattering waves in a fluid region are expressed by an Eigenfunction expansion method with three dimensional potential theory to calculate the wave force acting on the hybrid substructure. The wave force and wave run-up acting on the hybrid substructure is presented to examine the water wave interaction according to the variation of cylindrical size and the distance among cylinders. It is found that the suggested hybrid substructure with multi-cylinder is very useful to reduce the effects of wave forces acting on the substructure for offshore wind turbines.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

Waves, which are the main source of ship motions in a seaway, considerably affect the performance of a ship. The study of waves and their impact on ship motions within harbors is an important aspect of the design and operation of harbors. The prediction of incoming groups of waves is particularly important for evaluating ship motion within a harbor. Such a prediction makes it possible to evaluate ship safety more accurately. The wave transformation model reported here is applied to actual ports based on Boussinesq wave equations both non-linear and dispersive wave processes be considered in order to capture physical effects such as wave shoaling, refractions, reflection and diffraction in variable depth environments. The prediction of incoming groups of waves is particularly important for evaluating ship motion within a harbor, Such a prediction makes it possible to evaluate ship safety more accurately and provide safe wave informations for navigation. Furthermore, a wave information support system is proposed for entering ships as one technique for improving the safety of ship operations. This system predicts the run of waves and reduces the danger by identifying the most dangerous point near the harbor entrance at the small wave groups.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.729-735
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• 2012

The primary wave energy conversion by a three-dimensional bottom-mounted oscillating water column (OWC) wave power device in regular waves has been studied. The linear potential boundary value problem has been solved following the boundary matching method. The optimum shape parameters such as the chamber length and the depth of the front skirt of the OWC chamber obtained through two-dimensional numerical tests in the frequency domain have been applied in the design of the present OWC chamber. Time-mean wave power converted by the OWC device and the time-mean second-order wave forces on the OWC chamber structure have been presented for different wave incidence angles in the frequency-domain. It has been shown that the peak period of $P_m$ for the optimum damping parameter coincides with the peak period of the time.mean wave drift force when ${\gamma}=0$.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.289-309
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• 2015

Vertical profiles of mean and fluctuating wind velocities over water waves were studied, by performing Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) on a fully developed turbulent boundary layer over simplified water waves. The water waves were simplified to two-dimensional, periodic and non-evolving. Different wave steepness defined by $a/{\lambda}$ (a : wave amplitude; ${\lambda}$ : wavelength) and wave age defined by $c/U_b$ (c: phase velocity of the wave; $U_b$ : bulk velocity of the air) were considered, in order to elaborate the characteristics of mean and fluctuating wind profiles. Results shows that, compared to a static wave, a moving wave plays a lesser aerodynamic role as roughness as it moves downstream slower or a little faster than air, and plays more aerodynamic roles when it moves downstream much faster than air or moves in the opposite direction to air. The changes of gradient height, power law index, roughness length and friction velocity with wave age and wave amplitude are presented, which shed light on the wind characteristics over real sea surfaces for wind engineering applications.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2002

A novel multi-section power divider configuration is Proposed to obtain wide-band frequency performance up to microwave frequency region. Design procedures for the proposed microwave broadband power divider are composed of a Planar multi-section three-Ports hybrid and a waveguide transformer design procedures. The multi∼section power divider is based on design theory of the optimum quarter- wave transformer Furthermore, in order to obtain the broadband isolation performance between the two adjacent output ports, the odd mode equivalent circuit should be matched by using the lossy element such as resistor. The derived design formula for calculating these odd mode∼matching elements is based on the singly terminated filter design theory. The waveguide transformer section is designed to suppress the propagation of the higher order modes such as waveguide modes due to employing the metallic electric wall. Simulation and experiment show excellent performance of multi section power divider.