• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with long-term hospitalized patients in long-term care hospitals using the quality assessment data for long-term care hospitals by the Health Insurance Review. Methods: Among 1,376 long-term care hospitals, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the characteristics of these hospitals. Multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between infrastructure characteristics, medical personnel characteristics, health outcomes and the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Results: The research findings indicate that the number of patients per doctor, the number of patients per nurse, and the number of patients per nursing staff were positively associated with the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Among health outcomes, a higher proportion of patients with more than a 5% weight loss compared to the previous month and the proportion of patients showing improvement in ADL, were more likely to have a lower proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. However the proportion of diabetic patients with HbA1c test results within the appropriate range was positively associated with the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Conclusion: The present study results provide fundamental data for the establishment of policies for long-term care hospitals. Based on this study, it is important to suggest screening methods for unnecessary long-term hospitalizations, such as sufficient medical personnel to improve the quality of care in long-term care hospitals. It is also necessary to clearly separate the roles of medical institutions and long-term care facilities and implement policies to support patients' social reintegration.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.34-50
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• 2024

Objectives: Transformation through a sustainable food system to provide healthy diets is essential for enhancing both human and planetary health. This study aimed to explain about sustainable diets and illustrate appropriate measurement of adherence to sustainable diets using a pre-existing index. Methods: For literature review, we used PubMed and Google Scholar databases by combining the search terms "development," "validation," "sustainable diet," "sustainable diet index," "planetary healthy diet," "EAT-Lancet diet," and "EAT-Lancet reference diet." For data presentation, we used data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017-2018, among adults aged 20 years and older (n = 3,920). Sustainable Diet Index-US (SDI-US), comprising four sub-indices corresponding to four dimensions of sustainable diets (nutritional quality, environmental impacts, affordability, and sociocultural practices), was calculated using data from 24-hour dietary recall interview, food expenditures, and food choices. A higher SDI-US score indicated greater adherence to sustainable diets (range: 4-20). This study also presented SDI-US scores according to the sociodemographic status. All analyses accounted for a complex survey design. Results: Of 148 papers, 16 were reviewed. Adherence to sustainable diets fell into 3 categories: EAT-Lancet reference diet-based (n = 8), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) definition-based (n = 4), and no specific guidelines but including the sustainability concept (n = 4). Importantly, FAO definition emphasizes on equal importance of four dimensions of diet (nutrition and health, economic, social and cultural, and environmental). The mean SDI-US score was 13 out of 20 points, and was higher in older, female, and highly educated adults than in their counterparts. Conclusions: This study highlighted that sustainable diets should be assessed using a multidimensional approach because of their complex nature. Currently, SDI can be a good option for operationalizing multidimensional sustainable diets. It is necessary to develop a Korean version of SDI through additional data collection, including environmental impact of food, food price, food budget, and use of ready-made products.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2024

연구배경: 한국의 소아청소년 인구는 최근 10년간 288만 명 감소하였으며 전례 없는 초저출산으로 더욱 감소할 것으로 예상되고 있다. 여기에 코로나19 팬데믹 영향으로 소아청소년과 의원의 수익은 크게 감소하여 폐업이 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 아동인구 감소로 인한 소아청소년과 의원의 수익 악화가 폐업에 실질적으로 영향을 주었는지 분석하였다. 방법: 2011-2022년 건강보험심사평가원의 요양기관현황신고, 건강보험청구자료와 통계청의 주민등록인구현황 자료를 이용하여 2012-2022년 소아청소년과와 그 외 진료과(내과, 이비인후과, 가정의학과) 의원의 연도별 자료를 구축하였다. 종속변수를 폐업 여부로 하였고, 지역의 인구 특성 및 경쟁 정도를 반영하는 변수(전년 대비 아동인구 감소 여부, 허핀달-허쉬만지수 등)와 기관 특성 변수(전년 대비 수익 감소 여부, 연간 수익 등)가 폐업에 영향을 주는지 분석하였다. 기술통계, 카이제곱분석을 실시하였으며 일반화추정방정식(generalized estimating equations, GEE)을 사용하여 변수별 오즈비를 추정하였다. 결과: 소아청소년과 의원의 폐업률은 2.66%-7.04%로 내과·이비인후과·가정의학과 1.81%-2.47%와 비교했을 때 지속적으로 높았으며 코로나19 팬데믹 시기에 7.04%로 가장 높았다. 3개 진료과와 소아청소년과의원의 기관당 진료비 격차는 2012년 126백만 원에서 2019년 245백만 원으로 더 커졌다. GEE 분석결과, 낮은 수익, 전년 대비 수익 감소는 소아청소년과의 폐업을 증가시키는 주요 요인이었으며 수익 관련 변수 보정 후 소아청소년 인구 감소 자체는 폐업을 증가시키지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 지역 내 동일 진료과 의원 수가 많거나 독과점이 있는 경우 3개 진료과(내과·이비인후과·가정의학과) 의원의 폐업은 증가하였으나 소아청소년과 의원의 폐업에는 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타나 차이가 있었다. 결론: 아동인구가 감소하는 상황에서 수익 감소는 소아청소년과 의원의 폐업을 증가시키는 주요 요인이 분명하다. 추후 소아청소년 진료체계를 안정적으로 유지시키기 위한 적극적인 방안이 모색되어야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 간호학생을 대상으로 한 시뮬레이션 실습 중재 연구의 현황을 파악하고 효과를 분석하기 위함이다. 연구방법은 비판적 고찰을 사용하였으며, 고찰을 위한 자료는 RISS, KISS, NDSL, DBpia와 KRI에서 검색하였으며 주요 용어는 간호와 시뮬레이션이었다. 채택된 연구들은 방법론적으로 연구의 질을 분석하였으며, 이에 따라 서술연구, 단일그룹 사후 조사 연구를 제외하였으며, 결과적으로 234편의 연구가 분석에 채택되었다. 자료분석 결과, 우리나라에서 간호학생을 대상으로 한 시뮬레이션의 중재연구는 2008년부터 시작되었으며 단일그룹 사전-사후설계와 비동등성 대조군 사후설계는 석사학위와 박사학위 논문보다 저널에서 많이 나타났다. 관찰자와 간호학생에 의해 측정된 임상수행 능력은 비동등성 대조군 사전-사후 설계에서 가장 많이 연구된 종속변수이었으며 시뮬레이션과 관련된 간호학생 핵심역량은 전인간호제공을 위한 교양 및 전공지식의 통합적 간호술, 간호문제해결을 위한 비판적 사고능력, 대상자 건강개선을 위한 의사소통과 협력능력, 간호목표 달성을 위한 리더십 능력과 간호전문직발전을 위한 법적·윤리적 책임인식 능력으로 나타났다. 비동등성대조군 사전-사후설계에서는 다른 연구 설계보다 다양한 핵심역량들에 대한 효과를 확인하였다. 결론적으로 시뮬레이션 실습 교육은 임상수행능력 향상을 위한 효과적인 교수학습방법이나 비판적 사고나 문제해결능력은 추후 검증이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2005

The term pharmacognosy as applied to a constituent scientific discipline of Korean Medical Food (KMF) has been in use for nearly several years, and it refers to studies on the pharmacological properties of natural products foods. During the last half of the 20th century, pharmacognosy for KMF evolved from being a descriptive botanical subject to one having a more chemical and biological focus. At the beginning of the 21st century, teaching pharmacognosy for KMF teaching in academic culinary arts and natural healing institutions has been given new relevance as a result of the explosive growth in the use of herbal foods (health foods) in modern KMF practice. In turn, pharmacognosy for KMF research areas are continuing to expand, and now include aspects of cellular and molecular biology in relation to natural products, ethnobotany and phytotherapy, in addition to the more traditional analytical method development and phytochemistry. Examples are provided in this review of promising bioactive compounds obtained in two multidisciplinary natural product KMF development and discovery projects, aimed at the elucidation of new plant-derived cancer chemotherapeutic agents and novel cancer chemopreventives, respectively. The systematic study of KMF offers pharmacognosy groups an attractive new area of research, ranging from investigating the biologically active principles of KMF and their mode of action and potential active substance interactions, to sanitary and quality control, and involvement in clinical trials.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-156
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the structural model of a contraceptive behavior in Married Korean women. A hypothesis model was constructed on the basis of the health belief model, the theory of planned behavior and extensive literature review of contraception. The model was built by seven constructs. Four exogeneous variables included in the model were consisted of the contraceptive knowledges, the perceived threats, the sexual autonomy and the communication within a couple. Four endogenous variables were consisted of the attitudes toward contraception, the perceived control, the ability to plan a intercourse and the contraceptive behaviors. Empirical data for testing the hypothetical model were collected by the self report questionnaires from 243 Korean married women. The questionnaires used in this study were developed by this researcher and their Cronbach's alpha scores were ranged from .60 to .88. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program(ver. 8.0) for descriptive statistical analysis and LISREL program(ver. 8.12a) for covariance structural analysis. On the basis of this results, it could be suggested that contraceptive behaviors be greatly affected by the perceived threats, the communications within couple, the attitudes toward contraception and the perceived control. Finally this model would be useful for the practice, theory and research of nursing.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine trends in number of nursing staff and skill mix. Methods: Nursing staff and skill mix were measured using the number of nursing staff including nurse aids and registered nurses per bed. Descriptive and panel data regression analyses were conducted using data on long-term care hospitals which included yearly series data from 2006 to 2010 for 119 hospitals. Results: The number of nursing staff per bed increased significantly but percentage of registered nurses decreased significantly from 2007 to 2010. The regression model explained this variation as much as 34.9% and 43.8%. Conclusion: The results showed that in long-term care hospitals there were more nurse aids employed instead of registered nurses after the implemention of differentiated inpatient nursing fees. Thus clarifying the job descriptions for nurses and nurse aids is needed and appropriate hospital incentive policies should be implemented.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.406-416
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• 2014

Purpose: Screening of delirium using delirium assessment tools could promote delirium detection, however, there is lack of report about regular delirium assessment in Korea. This study was intended to describe the prevalence and related risk factors of delirium in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) data which were evaluated by nurses in ICUs was obtained through retrospective chart review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and stepwise logistic regression. Results: Delirium was evaluated in 125 patients. The incidence rate of delirium was 27.2% with a high prevalence of hypoactive delirium compared to hyperactive delirium (61.8 vs. 38.2%). Those with delirium were older, had hypertension, stayed longer in hospital, receiving ventilator support, had more number of catheters, had low serum protein and albumin level. Delirium incidence also varied according to diagnosis. Age, diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease, and application of ventilator were the significant risk factors for the incidence of delirium. Conclusion: Routine delirium screening is important for early detection of delirium. Identification of high-risk group and running delirium prevention programs could improve early recognition of delirium in ICU.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify knowledge and attitudes on antibiotic use held by adolescents (middle and high school students) in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 651 students residing in 5 major cities in Korea. The questionnaire was developed after an extensive literature review and professional advisory meetings. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi square test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS program were used to analyze the data. Results: Respondents correctly answered 6.23 antibiotic-related questions out of 15 questions. Two thirds of the respondents knew viruses caused most colds and coughs, but 80% did not know that antibiotics do not work against viruses. High school students' attitudes towards antibiotics were somewhat negative. More middle school students than high school students asked doctors for antibiotics for a cold. High school students did not check if antibiotics were included in their prescription for a cold. There was no significant correlation between knowledge and attitudes towards antibiotic use. Conclusion: Education programs on appropriate antibiotic use need to be developed for these students. Continual reinforcement and repetition of the contents are required to change attitudes.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of nurses' patient safety behavior during inter-hospital transfer. The study was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: A descriptive survey design was used. Data were collected with a self-administrated 39-item questionnaire completed by 111 nurses from a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The questionnaire was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) guideline and included measure of self-reported past patient safety behaviors, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral controls. Ethical approval was granted by the hospital review board. Hierarchical regression analyses were carried out. Results: The average score of patient safety behavior was $4.21{\pm}0.63$ (5 point scale). The TPB variables explained 49.9%of the variance in patient safety behavior. Intention and subjective norm were the most significant predictors of nurses' patient safety behavior. Attitude was related to nurses' patient safety behavior. Conclusion: TPB variables predicted the nurses' patient safety behavior during inter-hospital transfer of patients except for perceived behavioral controls. The results of this study suggest that better strategies for subjective norms and intentions related to patient safety behavior will be helpful in safety culture reform.