• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2009

Film based radiography imaging technique has been applied to the non-destructive test in medical, aircraft, and power industries contributing to the development of the industries. However, the complex process for imaging and analysis has increasingly demanded the reformation of the radiography test. A digital radiography imaging technologies has been com out from the demand. This study was mainly focused on the assessment on the accuracy for the each image from digital radiography test and film radiography test was proven to crate a better image in sensitivity than film radiography test. In the IQI(Image quality indicator) transmission test, one or two more line can be seen in digital image than in film image. When applying to the boiler tube weld, film image is detectable to the 1.0mm depth flaw; and digital image to the 0.5mm depth flaw. As a result of this study, digital radiography technology is determined to enhance the image quality, compared to film radiography technologies

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare the quality of digital radiography image with that of classical film images for welded structure in power plants. The CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) flat panel detecter and Agfa D5 film are used to image flaw specimens respectively. In the test, CMOS flat panel detector has been determined to have a better image than that of film image. In the IQI(Image Quality Indicator) transmission test, one or two more line can be seen in digital image than in film image. Digital Radiography Test enabled to successfully detect all defects on the weld specimens fabricated with real reheat stem pipe and boiler tube as well. In the specific comparison test, Digital radiography test detected micro flaws in the size of 0.5 mm in length by 0.5 mm in depth. However, film test has limited it to 1.0 mm in length by 1.0 mm in depth. As a result of this study, digital radiography technology is estimated well enough to perform the inspection in the industry with far more cost effective way, compared to the classical film test.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.341-344
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• 2017

Infrared (IR) filters were developed to implement integrated three-dimensional (3D) image sensors that are capable of obtaining both color image and depth information at the same time. The combination of light filters applicable to the 3D image sensor is composed of a modified IR cut filter mounted on the objective lens module and on-chip filters such as IR pass filters and color filters. The IR cut filters were fabricated by inorganic $SiO_2/TiO_2$ multilayered thin-film deposition using RF magnetron sputtering. On-chip IR pass filters were synthetized by dissolving various pigments and dyes in organic solvents and by subsequent patterning with photolithography. The fabrication process of the filters is fairly compatible with the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. Thus, the IR cut filter and IR pass filter combined with conventional color filters are considered successfully applicable to 3D image sensors.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the inverted digital images and film-based images of dry pig mandibles to measure the periodontal bone defect depth. Materials and Methods: Forty 2-wall bone defects were made in the proximal region of the premolar in the dry pig mandibles. The digital and conventional radiographs were taken using a Schick sensor and Kodak F-speed intraoral film. Image manipulation (inversion) was performed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software. Four trained examiners made all of the radiographic measurements in millimeters a total of three times from the cementoenamel junction to the most apical extension of the bone loss with both types of images: inverted digital and film. The measurements were also made in dry mandibles using a periodontal probe and digital caliper. The Student's t-test was used to compare the depth measurements obtained from the two types of images and direct visual measurement in the dry mandibles. A significance level of 0.05 for a 95% confidence interval was used for each comparison. Results: There was a significant difference between depth measurements in the inverted digital images and direct visual measurements (p>|t|=0.0039), with means of 6.29 mm ($IC_{95%}$:6.04-6.54) and 6.79 mm ($IC_{95%}$:6.45-7.11), respectively. There was a non-significant difference between the film-based radiographs and direct visual measurements (p>|t|=0.4950), with means of 6.64mm($IC_{95%}$:6.40-6.89) and 6.79mm($IC_{95%}$:6.45-7.11), respectively. Conclusion: The periodontal bone defect measurements in the inverted digital images were inferior to film-based radiographs, underestimating the amount of bone loss.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

본 논문은 다중 컬러 필터 조리개 (multiple color-filter aperture; MCA) 시스템에서 영역 적응적 히스토그램 평활화를 사용하여 저노출 환경에서도 강건한 새로운 디지털 다중초점 (multifocusing) 방법을 소개한다. MCA 시스템은 획득된 영상의 컬러 채널 간에 발생하는 부정합 (misalignment) 정도를 측정하여 카메라의 거리에 따른 장면의 상대적 심도 정보를 추출한다. 추출된 상대적 심도 정보는 관심영역 (regsion-of-interests; ROIs) 분류 (classification), 정합 (registration), 융합 (fusion) 등의 과정을 통하여 다중초점 영상을 생성한다. 그러나 MCA 시스템은 유한한 구경의 조리개로 때문에 저노출 환경에서 성능의 저하를 초래하게 된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 공간 적응적 히스토그램 확장을 이용한다. 실험결과에서 볼 수 있듯이, 제안한 기술은 저노출 환경에서도 콘트라스트가 향상된 다중초점 영상을 복원할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1053-1057
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• 1997

Laser thin film process with a Q-switch pulsed YAG laser was performed for micro machining. In this research, we performed basic Cr thin film on glass substrates removal machining experiments. Form experiments, it happens not only evaporration of thin film but also spatter and cohesion of melting substance in working region, when machining a Cr thin film by Q-switch YAG laser beam irradiation. Critical energy of surface irradiation type by irradiation direction of laser in a face composing thin film on the glass is higher than that of back irradiation type, but the latter is favorable because of spatter appearance. In case of image formation position when laser beam is irradiated, the defocus is permitted to a certain extent within forcus depth. Ifexceeds focus depth, formation of pattern is vanishing step by step.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권43호
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• pp.343-362
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• 2016

웨스 앤더슨 감독은 개성이 뚜렷한 감독으로, 화면 구성, 움직임, 조명 및 소품까지 세밀하게 고려하여 촬영하며, 그만의 독특한 방법으로 영화 세계를 구축하고 있는 감독이다. 앤더슨 감독의 영화는 '대칭적'이고 '평면적'인 영상 구성을 추구하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 이 연구는 그가 평면적인 영상 구성뿐만 아니라 '깊이감있는 영상 구성'을 추구하였음을 장면 분석을 통하여 고찰하였으며, '화면의 깊이감'이 그의 영화에서 어떻게 활용되었는지 살펴보았다. 분석 대상은 그의 최근 대표 작품인 <문라이즈 킹덤>(2012)과 <그랜드 부다페스트 호텔>(2014)을 대상으로 하였다. 웨스 앤더슨 감독은 그의 영화에서 1점 투시도법이나 Z축 블로킹과 같은 기법을 활용하여 화면의 깊은 공간감을 구사하면서도 중앙을 기점으로 완벽히 좌우대칭의 화면을 만들어낸다. 이는 일반적인 대칭구도가 지니는 평면성과 상당히 다를 뿐만 아니라, 일반적으로 '화면의 깊이감'이 추구하는 현실성과도 거리가 있다. 깊이감 있게 구성된 화면이 완벽히 대칭구도를 이룸으로써 영화 속 세계가 현실 세계와는 동떨어진 세계라는 느낌을 준다. 따라서 '깊이감 있는 대칭구도'는 앤더슨 감독이 판타지 세계를 표현하는 그만의 독특한 방식이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 그는 수평과 수직, 앞과 뒤로 직선적으로 움직이는 카메라 움직임을 구사하면서도 '화면의 깊이감'을 구현해내고 있다. 카메라의 움직임이 사람의 움직임을 따라 자연스럽게 이동하는 것이 아니라, 가로로 때로는 세로로 직선적으로 움직임으로써 현실 세계를 자연스럽게 보여주는 카메라워킹이 아니라 현실세계와 거리두기를 하는 것이다. 즉, 그는 현실 세계의 재현을 추구하는 것이 아니라, 오히려 현실 세계와 거리두기를 하면서 그만의 영화적 세계를 구현하고 있는 것이다. 이와 같은 방식으로 그가 보여주는 영화세계는 '동화적'이라는 단어로 표현할 수 있다. 화면 구성에서부터 카메라 움직임까지 그는 영화 속 공간을 '깊이감' 있게 구성해 내면서도, 이러한 '깊이감'을 통해 현실성을 확보하기 보다는 그의 영화 세계가 현실과는 동떨어진 판타지의 세계임을 강조하는데, 이는 동화 같은 스토리에 동화책을 보는 듯한 파스텔톤의 색감과 함께 '동화 세계'를 구축하는데 기여하고 있다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

Distributed Bragg reflector porous silicon of different characteristics were formed to determine their optical constants in the visible wavelength range using a periodic square wave current between low and high current densities. The surface and cross-sectional SEM images of distributed Bragg reflector porous silicon were obtained using a cold field emission scanning electron microscope. The surface image of distributed Bragg reflector porous silicon indicates that the distributions of pores are even. The cross-sectional image illustrates that the multilayer of distributed Bragg reflector porous silicon exhibits a depth of few microns and applying of square current density during the etching process results two distinct refractive indices in the contrast. Distributed Bragg reflector porous silicon exhibited a porosity depth profile that related directly to the current-time profile used in etch. Its free-standing film was obtained by applying an electro-polishing current.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.260-262
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• 2002

An accurate measurement of dose distribution is indispensable to perform radiation therapy planning. A measurement technique using a radiographic film, which is called a film dosimetry, is widely used because it is easy to obtain a dose distribution with a good special resolution. In this study, we tried to develop an analyzing system for the film dosimetry using usual office automation equipments such as a personal computer and an image scanner. A film was sandwiched between two solid water phantom blocks (30 ${\times}$ 30 ${\times}$ 15cm). The film was exposed with Cobalt-60 ${\gamma}$-ray whose beam axis was parallel to the film surface. The density distribution on the exposed film was stored in a personal computer through an image scanner (8bits) and the film density was shown as the digital value with NIH-image software. Isodose curves were obtained from the relationship between the digital value and the absorbed dose calculated from percentage depth dose and absorbed dose at the reference point. The isodose curves were also obtained using an Isodose plotter, for reference. The measurements were carried out for 31cGy (exposure time: 120seconds) and 80cGy (exposure time: 300seconds) at the reference point. While the isodose curves obtained with our system were drawn up to 60% dose range for the case of 80cGy, the isodose curves could be drawn up to 80% dose range for the case of 31cGy. Furthermore, the isodose curves almost agreed with that obtained with the isodose plotter in low dose range. However, further improvement of our system is necessary in high dose range.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1134-1140
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• 2014

The history of mankind has been together with the history of image because image provides with excellent information as a communication means. However, this study argues that there is more underlying cause for it. A subject is the subject of unconscious and the role of image is huge in the process toward the subject. Of course, image has been dealt in-depth in psychoanalysis. Film study also applied psychoanalysis on it. However, they were not the approach from the viewpoint with image in the center. Accordingly, this study will verify the image toward the subject and the absoluteness of image. The result of this study is that image intervened deeply in the formation of the subject much higher than the level of simple communication. Since image communicates with the subject on more underlying level, the subject have been always entangled with image and men have delved in image and been attracted to it.