• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.137-155
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between main caregivers' life satisfaction and depression and self-esteem of school-aged children, and to provide plans for improving the lives of the school-aged children. For this purpose, we analyzed the three years'longitudinal panel data (2011-2013) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) including 2,342 first grade elementary school children employing the latent growth model using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 22.0. Analysis results were as follows. First, main caregivers'life satisfaction and school-aged children's depression increased as time passes and linear change model was selected. Second, the initial status of main caregivers'life satisfaction had effects on the initial status of their children's depression, but initial status and rates of change of life satisfaction did not have an influence on the rates of change of the depression. However, it was found that the main caregivers' life satisfaction had effects on the school-aged children's self-esteem and it worked as a mediator on the longitudinal relationship between the main caregivers'life satisfaction and the children's depression. School-aged children's self-esteem was a partial mediator on the initial status of their depression and full mediator on these rates of change. These findings suggests that programs improving school-aged children's self-esteem should be developed.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between uncertainty and depression in hospitalized children's mothers. Methods: The subjects were 175 mothers of children who were hospitalized in pediatric unit. A self report questionnaires were used to measure the variables. Variables were uncertainty and depression. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 20.0 program was utilized for descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: Reliability of instruments were found cronbach's alpha=.85~.86. Uncertainty correlated positively with depression(r=.422, p<.010). There were significant differences in depression according to birth order(F=6.58, p=.002), mothers' age(F=6.57, p=.002), education level(F=3.97, p=.021) and mothers' job(t=19.18, p<.001), monthly income(F=4.234, p=.006) and family type(t=7.49, p=.007). In multiple regression, uncertainty, mothers' job and family type were significant predictors of depression in hospitalized children's mothers explaining 30.9%. Conclusions: Uncertainty and depression were significant variables in hospitalized children's mothers. The strategy of nursing intervention which decrease depression in mothers must be developed by decreasing level of uncertainty in mothers of hospitalized children.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.915-927
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effect of peer attachment on the relationship between children's depression and mother attachment. The respondents in this study were 697 school aged children attending elementary schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province. Questionnaires, which required self-reporting by children, were used to investigate mother attachment, peer attachment and depression. The collected data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) and Sobel test using AMOS 8.0, and SPSS 15.0. The results of the study were as follows. Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) revealed that peer attachment partially mediated the relationship between mother attachment and depression. First, mother attachment had a direct effect on peer attachment. Second, peer attachment had a direct effect on depression. Third, mother attachment had an indirect effect on depression as a mediated effect of peer attachment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2001

목 적：초등학교 아동들에 대한 우울 정도의 평가 및 우울감과 관련된 요인들을 알아보고, 동시에 부모 우울감과의 관련성에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 방 법：대구 시내의 한 초등학교에 재학중인 5, 6학년 학생 258명에게 CDI를, 부모에게는 BDI를 실시하였으며, 동시에 우울감과 관련된 변인들에 대한 설문지도 실시하였다, 통계분석은 Pearson상관분석, t검정, 일원변량분석을 시행하였고, 통계적 유의 수준은 p<.05로 하였다. 결 과：1) 전체 아동의 CDI 평균점수는 $13.5{\pm}6.77$이었고, 어머니의 BDI 평균점수는 $13.3{\pm}7.25$, 아버지의 BDI 평균점수는 $11.6{\pm}7.03$이었다. 2) 아동관련 변인 중 성별, 건강상태, 학교성적, 가정의 경제상태에 따라 CDI 점수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3) 어머니의 건강여부는 아동의 우울감에 다소 영향을 주었으나 부모의 학력, 종교유무, 아버지의 건강상태에 따라서는 CDI 점수에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4) 아동의 학교성적과 가정의 경제상태는 어머니의 BDI 점수에 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 아동의 학교성적은 아버지의 BDI 점수에도 다소 영향을 주었다. 5) CDI 각 항목들에 대한 분석에서는 아동의 성별에 따라서는 10개 항목, 건강여부에 대해서는 8개 항목, 경제상태에 대해서는 6개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 특히 아동의 학교성적에 대해서는 전체 27개 항목 중 20개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 7) 부모의 BDI 점수와 아동의 CDI 점수간에 유의한 상관을 보였으며, 특히 어머니와의 상관이 남아와 여아 모두에서 더욱 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결 론：아동의 우울감에는 아동의 성별, 건강여부, 학교성적, 경제상태 등이 모두 유의한 영향을 미치며, 특히 학교성적이 아동과 어머니의 우울감에 상당히 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나서 학교성적에 대한 부담이 매우 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 아동의 우울감과 부모의 우울감(특히 어머니)과의 상관이 높아서 어머니의 우울감이 아동 우울감과 큰 관련이 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 아동우울증 치료시 아동만의 문제 뿐 아니라 부모의 우울감, 부모-자녀 관계를 함께 고려하여야 할 필요성을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.854-863
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• 2017

Purpose: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study of cause-and-effect relationship, which used the $7^{th}$ year data of the Panel Study on Korean Children, to investigate the effects of parenting stress, depression, and family interactions of the parents of early school-age children on children's subjective happiness. Methods: The present study included data of 1419 pairs of parents who participated in the mother and father survey of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The effects of parenting stress, depression, and parental family interactions on children's subjective happiness were analyzed as actor and partner effects using path analysis. Results: Parenting stress had an actor effect on depression; maternal parenting stress (${\beta}=-.21$, p<.001) and depression (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001) had an actor effect on maternal family interaction; and paternal parenting stress (${\beta}=-.18$, p<.001) and depression (${\beta}=-.17$, p<.001) had a partner effect on maternal family interaction. Paternal parenting stress was found to have an actor effect on paternal family interaction (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001), and parental depression was found to have actor effect (${\beta}=-.23$, p<.001) and maternal depression had a partner effect on paternal family interactions (${\beta}=-.22$, p<.001). Children's subjective happiness was found to have a statistically significant relationship with maternal family interaction (${\beta}=.40$, p<.001). Conclusion: The significance of the study is in its provision of basic data for adjusting parents' family interactions that are closely related to the growth and development of children by confirming the effect of parents' parenting stress, depression, and family interaction on children's subjective happiness.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the variables such as communication with mother and depression with regard to headache in headache-suffering children. The study subjects consisted of 315 in 5th&6th grade elementary school children in T city, headache-suffering children mean children experiencing twice or more march, 2. 2000 - July. 20, 2000. The data were analyzed by SAS computer program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score for communication with mother was 73.74 in headache-free group and 70.42 in headache-suffering group and difference had statistical significance. 2. The mean score for depression was 39.43 in headache-free group and 43.03 in headache-suffering group and difference had statistical significance. This study in relation to nursing implies that there is a need to teach mothers to encourage positive communication with children and that to develop depression-reducing program to prevent headache attack in children.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of positive interactions between the low-income female householders and children on the mothers'psychological well-being and quality of life. The major findings are as following: First, there were high level of life satisfaction and low level of depression among the low-income female householders who perceived high level of children's emotional support. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder\`s husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controling for the low-income female householder's health, the differences were maintained. Second, the low-income female householders who communicated with their children open-heartedly felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression than those who had less communication with their children. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder's husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controlling for the low-income female householder\`s educational level and health, the differences were maintained. finally, the low-income female householders felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression when they listened to their children closely, and were satisfied with mother-child communication.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the behavioral responses of children with burns, and anxiety and depression in their parents. Methods: Ninety-three parents of children with burns, ages 4 to 15 years who were admitted to hospital for an acute burn agreed to participate in this study. The Child Behavior Checklist, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Korean Version of Beck Depression Inventory were used for data collection. Results: The mean scores for acute traumatic disorder, post traumatic disorder, anxiety and depression were $9.05{\pm}3.04,\;39.59{\pm}8.75,\;11.89{\pm}11.53$, and $10.16{\pm}8.22$, respectively. There were significant relationships between depression and gender of children, education of parents, and number of family members. Child's behavioral responses were positively correlated with parents' anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The study found that the greater the behavioral responses of the children with burns, the more anxiety and depression experienced by the parents. The results indicate that psychological support must be provided for both the children with burns and their parents in conjunction with treatment of the burns.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in self-competence, social anxiety and depression in upper level primary school children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 180 students in grades 5 or 6 (83 boys and 97 girls). The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, the Self-Perception Profile for Children, the Revised Social Anxiety Scales for Children (SASC-R) and a Depression Instrument. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were used with the SPSS/PC ver 12.0 program. Results: The only gender difference was in depression and girls reported more depression than boys. Social competence showed significantly negative correlations with depression and social anxiety. Gender differences were found in self competence in the prediction of depression and social anxiety. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there are gender differences in self competence which influence depression and social anxiety. Thus, enhancing self-competence could prevent social anxiety and depression in children but, differences in gender should be considered when developing programs to enhance self-competence.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of mothers'depression and children's perception of parents' behavior on children's competencies. The subjects were 729 mothers and their children with grade 5 and 6 in the five elementary schools located in T city. Data were analysed by frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA, scheff test and regression analysis. The levels of mothers' depression were found to be statistically different according to the parents'educational level, fathers' occupation, and the average monthly house income. The degree of children's positive perception of parents' behavior was different according to the parents'educational level and average monthly house income. And the degree of children's competencies was different according to mother's age, parents'educational level, father's occupation and average monthly house income. Mother's depression affected children's perception of their parents' behavior, suggesting that the lower the degree of mother's depression is, the more positively children tend to perceive parents' behavior. The most important factor that affected the whole areas of children's competencies was the children's positive perception of their mothers'behavior, and the next important factor was mothers' depression.