• 제목/요약/키워드: demonstration

검색결과 2,108건 처리시간 0.031초

Glutathione이 고갈된 흰쥐에서 내독소에 의해 유도된 급성 폐손상시 $PLA_2$ 억제가 산소기 형성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Inhibition of $PLA_2$ on the Oxidative Stress in the Lungs of Glutathione Depleted Rats Given Endotoxin Intratracheally)

  • 조현국;문혜정;박원학;김태완;이영만
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.246-259
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    • 2000
  • 연구배경: 패혈증에 의해 발병하는 ARDS의 기전은 아직까지 명확히 알려져 있지 않다. 특히 패혈증시 폐 혈관내피세포 및 제 1, 2형 폐포세포의 손상이 호중구의 respiratory burst에 따른 oxidative stress에 의한 것인지는 아직도 논란의 대상이다. 또한 이때 oxidative stress의 직접적인 원인인 산소기 생성기전도 명확하지가 않다. 본 연구에서는 패혈증에 의한 ARDS 발병기전을 $PLA_2$의 작용과 호중구의 산소기 생성을 연관시켜 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: Sprague-Dawley종 흰쥐에서 diethylmaleate(DEM)를 이용하여 glutathione을 고갈시킨 뒤 내독소를 기도 내로 분무하여 급성 폐손상을 유발하였다. 이때 oxidative stress를 평가할 수 있는 방법들, 즉 단백누출지수, 폐세척액 내 단백함량, 폐장 내 myelo-peroxidase(MPO)의 활동도 malondialdehyde(MDA)의 측정 및 GGT의 활성도를 측정하고 동시에 oxidative stress에 관여하는 $PLA_2$의 역할을 확인하기 위하여 비특이적 $PLA_2$ 억제제인 mepacrine(50mg/kg)을 복강 내 투여한 후 폐장 내 $PLA_2$의 활성도를 측정하였다. 또한 미세구조적 변화 및 세포화학적인 방법을 통해 조직 내 산소기의 생성을 확인, 비교하여 산소기 형성에 관여하는 $PLA_2$의 역할을 규명하였다. 결 과: Diethylmaleate에 의해 폐장 내 glutathione을 고갈시킨 뒤 내독소를 투여한 흰쥐에서, 내독소는 폐장 내 현저한 조직의 손상을 유발하였고, 동시에 oxidative stress의 증가를 관찰하였다. 즉 lipid peroxidation의 증가 및 GGT 활성도의 증가를 관찰하였다. 이러한 변화들은 폐장 내 호중구 침윤의 증가 및 $PLA_2$ 활성도와 관계가 있음을 확인하였고, 미세구조적 및 세포화학적인 방법으로 조직 내의 산소기 형성의 증가도 관찰하였다. 이러한 변화들이 비특이적 $PLA_2$ 억제제인 mepacrine의 작용에 의해 감소하는 것으로 미루어 보아 $PLA_2$가 내독소에 의한 oxidative stress에 관여한다고 생각되었다. 결 론: 내독소에 의해 유발되는 급성 폐손상에서 조직손상의 원인은 호중구의 respiratory burst에 따른 oxidative stress임을 확인하였고 이때 oxidative stress에 $PLA_2$의 활성화에 따라 생성되는 지질분자가 그 원인으로 사료되었다.

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연안통합관리계획의 효과적 실행을 위한 지역 Network 시범모델 연구 (Constructing A Local Network for Effective Implementation of Integrated Coastal Management)

  • 이대인;조현서;조은일;이영철
    • 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.44-52
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    • 2007
  • 국가단위의 연안통합관리계획과 각 지역별 연안관리지역계획의 효율적 실행을 위한 방안이 검토되고 있다. 본 논문은 연안에 대한 지자체 지역주민 민간단체 전문가 집단간의 네트워크를 통한 연안통합관리의 실행방안을 연구하였다. 해외의 사례연구를 바탕으로 하여, 양식장이 밀집되어 해양환경의 보전이 절실히 요망될 뿐만 아니라, 지역경제와 산업의 요구로 매립 등 해양환경을 훼손할 가능성이 큰 개발활동이 계획되는 등 이용행위간 상충적인 대립이 존재할 가능성이 크고, 한편으로 다양한 해양 및 환경 관련 단체들이 활발한 역할을 하고 있는 중소도시인 여수지역을 시범모델지역으로 선정하여 지역네트워크의 구성과정과 필요사항을 제시하였다. 대상지역에 대한 연안의 문제점과 이용실태, 지역 해양수산관련 업계 및 환경단체 인력과 활동 상황 파악, 연안관리 인적 네트워크 구성방안과 모델 개발, 외국의 연안관리 참여제도 조사 및 국내 도입방안, 해양산업 및 환경보호 활동기관 단체들과의 연대방안, 주민 참여 확대 방안과 중앙정부 및 지방정부의 지원 방안 등이 검토/연구되었다. 여수지역에서 실제적으로 관련 네트워크를 창립하여 운영하는 중에 활동자금의 조달, 중앙정부와 지자체와의 관계에서 네트워크의 지위와 안정적 장치의 미확보로 실효성과 구속력이 약한 문제 등이 제기되었다. 네트워크의 활성화 및 효율성을 위해서는 캐나다의 ACAP (Atlantic Coastal Action Program)와 같이, 지역조정담당을 선정하여, 일정한 보수를 제공하고, 계획 수립에 전념할 수 있는 사무실 환경을 제공하는 등의 벤치마킹이 필요한 것으로 검토되었다. 이러한 지역 네트워크의 구축사례는 효율적 연안관리와 정책조율을 통한 정부의 정책 입안에 이바지할 것이다.

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추적조사에 의한 농촌 여성의 출산력과 임신소모율 (A Follow-up Study of Fertility and Pregnancy Wastage of Women in Rural Area)

  • 박정한;김신향;천병렬;김귀연;예민해;조성억;조재연
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.21-30
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    • 1988
  • 농촌 여성들의 출산력과 임신소모율을 조사하기 위해 군위군에 거주하는 15-49세의 여성 가운데 조사시작 당시 영구불임 수술을 하지 않은 유배우 가임여성을 대상으로 17명의 면 보건요원들이 1985년 4원 1일부터 1987년 3월 31일까지 2년간 추적 관찰하여 그들의 피임 실천율, 출산율 그리고 임신 소모율을 조사하였다. 총 관찰된 6,826 여성인년 가운데 피임을 실천한 기간은 3,522인년(51.6%), 임신, 유산 그리고 출산을 한 기간은 519인년(7.6%)이었으며 피임을 하지 않은 기간은 2,491인년(36.5%)이었다. 조사시작 당시에 영구불임 수술을 한 사람을 포함시켰을 경우에는 피임을 실천한 기간이 72.1%로 전국의 피임 실천율보다 오히려 높은 수준이었다. 그러나 30대 여성의 경우 2-3명의 자녀를 갖고서도 피임을 하지 않고 있는 사람이 약 28%나 되고, 피임을 하는 경우에도 월경 주기법이나 콘돔과 같은 실패율이 높은 피임법을 20대 여성보다 더 많이 쓰고 있었다. 관찰기간 동안 전체적으로는 100 여성인년당 14.3건의 임신이 일어났으며, 25-29세 여성 이 100 여성인년당 27.4건의 임신으로 가장 높은 임신율을 보였다. 전체임신 중 22.0%가 사산(0.9%), 자연유산(3.8%), 그리고 인공유산(17.3%)으로 소모되었다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 임신 소모율이 증가하여 30세 미만 부인의 임신 소모율은 15.8%인데 비해 30대 여성이 임신을 한 경우 37.5%가 인공유산을 하여 자연유산과 사산을 합한 임신 소모율이 43.5%나 되었다. 추적기간 동안에 인공유산으로 종결한 부인이 출생으로 종결한 부인에 비해 평균 자녀수와 자연유산 및 인공유산 경험회수가2배 이상으로 많아 유산을 경험한 사람이 유산을 반복하고 있었다. 출생으로 종결한 임부는 평균 4.2회의 산전 관리를 받았고 분만은 85%가 의료기관에서 일어났으며, 가정 분만은 15%로 전국의 농촌지역에 비해 높은 시설 분만율을 나타냈는데, 이것은 군위군이 일차 보건의료시범사업 지역이었기 때문으로 생각된다. 이와 같은 연구 결과로 보아 농촌 여성을 대상으로 한 가족계획 사업은 30대 여성을 대상으로 하여 경구 피임약이나 자궁내장치와 같이 피임 효과가 높은 피임법을 보급하는데 중점을 두어야 임신 소모율을 줄이고 여성건강을 증진시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

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파월국군장병의 고엽제 위해에 관한 예비적 역학조사 (A Preliminary Epidemiologic Study on Korean Veterans Exposed to Herbicides in Vietnam War)

  • 김정순;임현술;이홍복;이원영;박영주;김성수
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.711-734
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    • 1994
  • Among chemical agents in herbicides, dioxin (2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachloro dibenzo-$\rho$-dioxin : TCDD), a chemical contaminant in herbicides sprayed during the Vietnam War has been known to be the major agent causing toxic effects. Approximately 320,000 korean soldiers participated the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1974. Although the potential hazards of the herbicides among Korean veterans exposed were implicated, the problem had not been a public issue until 1991 when Korean veterans were informed U.S. companies, the herbicides manufacturer payed fund, from which a trust fund for New Zealand and Australian Class members were established in 1985. After a series of appeals and demonstration by the Korean Veterans demanding medical care and compensation for their serious health damages, a bill of medical care and compensation for herbicides victims was promulgated in March 1993 and become effective from May 1993, This study was carried out with two major objectives : the first to understand the health problems caused from the herbicides by reviewing literatures published, and the second to examine the nature and extent of health impacts among Korean veterans exposed and to develop valid study methods for the major study by interviewing and reviewing records on a part of veterans (638 persons) registered and completed medical examination in Seoul Veterans Administration Hospital from June to October 1993. The results obtained are as followings: 1. The literature review of 107 papers revealed that 1) Dioxin is teratogenic, carcinogenic and affects almost all organs including nervous, endocrine, and reproductive systems in animal experiments. 2) The diseases showing evidence of causal association were Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's disease, lung cancer, lymphoma, soft tissue sarcoma, chloroacne and polyneuropathy when judged on the basis of consistency in study results and biological plausibility. 2. Interview and medical record review study on 638 veterans, though limited validity owing to lack of control group, crude estimates of dioxin exposure levels (no biomarkers measurable), and uncertainty of diagnosis, showed that: 1) Most of the study subject's were in their 40's of age and had been dispatched to Vietnam during the period from $1965{\sim}1970$ around one year. 2) Most frequently complained symptoms in medical examination were motor weakness (32%), sensory abnormalities in extremities (23%), skin diseases (22%), and pain in extremities (20%) whereas in Interview they were more frequent in order of skin problem (44%), motor weakness (38%), sensory abnormalities and pain in extremities(17% and 19% each). Kappa indices on the same category of complaints between two sources of information were variable and relatively low. 3) On medical examination, only a part of the 638 subjects had initial impression (442 pts) and final diagnosis (218 pts) suggesting decision making on diagnosis appeared to be difficult even with all available modern medical technologies: in initial impression disorders from peripheral and central neuropathy were predominant whereas in final diagnosis various types of skin disorder were most frequent 4) When dose-response relationship between several conditions (from questionnaire) and arbitrary exposure scores were examined by CMH linear trend test, spontaneous abortion, sexual problems and health problem of offsprings showed statistically significant linear trends. However, pregnancy, accident and suicidal attempts did not show any relationship in this study capacity. 5) Among complaints, psychosis and neurosis (anxiety, phobia) in interview study, and memory disorder and psychosis in medical record study revealed linear trend. 6) Skin disorder was the only condition showing linear trend in initial impression and none in final diagnosis on medical examination. Even though objective to select out dioxin-related disease or group of diseases from this study was not achieved the research experiences provided firm basis for developing various methodological approaches. 3. From this preliminary study we concluded that a larger scale major epidemiologic study on health impacts of herbicides among Korean veterans exposed is not only Indispensible but also well designed study with more valid exposure information and diagnosis may be able to establish causal relationship between certain groups of diseases and exposure to the herbicides among Korean veterans.

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퇴원환자의 가정간호요구와 가정간호사업의 효과 분석 - 일 종합병원을 중심으로 (A Study of Home Care Needs of Patients at Discharge and Effects of Home Care -Centered on Patients Discharged from a Rural General Hospilal-)

  • 최연순;김대현;서미혜;김조자;강규숙
    • 대한간호
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.77-99
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    • 1992
  • The study was carried out at W. hospital, an affiliated hospital of Y university, involved a total of 163 patients who were discharged from the hospital between May 1990 und March 199J. Data collection was twice, just prior to discharge and a minimum of three months post discharge. Thirty patients who lived within a hour travel time of the hospital received home care during the three months post discharge. Nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions For these patients were analyzed in this study. The results of the study are summarized as follows : 1. Discharge needs for the subjects of the study were analyzed using Gordon's eleven Functional categories and it was found that 48.3% of the total sample had identified nursing needs. Of these, the needs most frequently identified were in the categories of sexuality, 79.3 %, health perception, 68.2 % self concept, 62.5 %, and sleep and rest 62.5 %. Looking ut j he nursing diagnosis that were made for the 30 patients receiving home care, the following diagnoses were the most frequently given; alteration in sexual pattern 79.3%, alterations in health maintenance, 72.6%, alteration in comfort, 68.0%, depression, 64.0%, noncompliance with diet therapy, 6.3.7%, alteration in self concept, 55.6%, and alteration in sleep pattern, 53%. 2. In looking at the effects of home nursing care as demonstrated by changes in the functional categories over the three month period, it was Found that of the 11 functional categories, the need level for health perception, nutrition, activity and self concept decreased slightly over the three month period. On the average sleep patterns improved, but restfulness was slightly less and bowel elimination patterns improved but satisfaction with urinary elimination was slightly less. On the other hand, role enactment, sexuality, stress management and spirituality decreased slightly. The only results that were statistically significant at the 0.05 level were improvement. in digestion and decrease in pain. No statistically significant changes were found in ability related to ADL, the total ADL Score at discharge was $19.78{\pm}8.234, and after 3 months $19.01{\pm}8.12$. Considering that a majority of the patients were over 60 years of age and that many had brain or spinal cord injuries, the fact that their ADL ability did nor deteriorate after discharge can be interpreted as related to a positive impact by the home health care nurses. Similarly there was a slight be not statistically significant decrease in the quality of life scores between the two lest times(l47.83 at discharge and 113.02 at the three month period). Again, when the chronic nature of thee problems facing these patients is considered this maintenance of quality of life can be interpreted as a positive impact by the home health care nurses. 3. One of the home care nursing activities was diagnosis. For this activity it was found that for nine functional health categories(sexuality and spirituality excepted) there were 20 nursing diagnoses. The most frequent were noncompliance, alteration in skin integrity both actual and potential, and impaired physical mobility in that order. 4. Delivery of home health care by the home health nurses included the following nursing activities; assessment, patient education, demonstration of care activities, counselling, direct care to the patient and referrals. Direct care included changing dressings, bladder irrigations, changing Foley catheters, measurement of residual urine, perineal care, position change, back care, oral hygiene, exercise and massage of motion exercises, cleansing enemas, tracheostomy suctioning and tracheostomy care, care of dentures, applications of heat and other similar nursing activities. In conclusion almost 50% of (he sample indicated a need for continued nursing care at the time of discharge and for the patients in the sample who received home care there was a slight decrease in nursing needs but while the patients had chronic and debilitation problems there was ill decrease in ADL abilities or in quality of life. Further study needs Lo be done La increase the reliability and validity of the tool that was used to measure home health care needs. It is also recommended that study by done using a randomized sampling with a control group to compare patients who receive home care with those who do not.

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쿠싱병에 대한 경접형동접근법의 내분비학적 결과 (Endocrinological Results of the Transsphenoidal Microsurgery for Cushing's Disease)

  • 김준수;김창진;하상수;김정훈;이정교;권병덕;홍성관;이기업;이봉재;김용재;최충곤;이호규
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.611-621
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    • 2001
  • Objective : We analyzed the clinical and endocrinological results of the transsphenoidal microsurgery for ACTH secreting pituitary adenomas. Marerials and Methods : From October 1995 to August 2000, 18 patients underwent transsphenoidal microsurgery for Cushing's disease. We analyzed the surgical results of 17 patients, one patient who was previously operated from other hospital was excluded. Age of the patients were 18 to 61 years old(mean 37.7), male to female ratio was 1 : 3.3, and follow-up period was 3 to 50 months(mean 20.3). The selection of candidates for transsphenoidal exploration was based on endocrinologic criteria. Magnetic resonance imaging was the preferred radiologic test. Selective inferior petrosal sinus sampling of adrenocorticotropic hormone futher refined the diagnosis when endocrinologic and radiologic procedures were not definitive. Results : Results of the preoperative endocrinological test were : level of serum ACTH 29.4 to $225{\mu}g/dL$(mean $93.88{\mu}g/dL$) ; serum cortisol 11.9 to $47.5{\mu}g/dL$(mean $27.49{\mu}g/dL$) ; 24-hour urine free cortisol 235 to $1019{\mu}g/day$(mean $571.0{\mu}g/day$). Inferior petrosal sinus sampling for ACTH was performed in 11 patients and all were confirmed by Cushing's disease and we could predict the laterality of the tumor in 9 of 11 patients. We performed transsphenoidal selective adenomectomy in 5 patients, adenomectomy and subtotal hypophysectomy in 2 patients, adenomectomy and partial hypophysectomy in 9 patients, and in the remaining one patient, hemihypophysectomy followed by total hypophysectomy due to remission failure. Fifteen of 17 patients(88.2%) showed endocrinological remission. Glucocorticoid replacement therapy was performed in all the patients who showed remission for 1 to 24 months(mean 5.9 months), and 6 patients received steroid over 6 months. Conclusion : We conclude that the direct demonstration of a tumor in the pituitary gland by MRI is the most important and definitive diagnostic tool and the location of a mass should be confirmed with increased level of ACTH by the inferior petrosal sinus sampling. Transsphenoidal microsurgery is effective treatment modality for Cushing's disease and the immediate postoperative evaluation of the surgical resection of the tumor is very important. The patients should show hypocortisolism, decreased, subnormal serum ACTH and cortisol levels and 24-hours urine free cortisol. We performed 18 transsphenoidal microsurgery for Cushing's disease in 17 patients and 15 patients(88.2%) showed endocrinological remission.

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소아에서 소장형 장중첩증; 자연 정복과 수술적 치료의 비교 (Small Bowel Intussusception in Children: Spontaneous Resolution vs. Surgical Intervention)

  • 박미란;임미선;서정기;고재성;장주영;양혜란;임윤정;김우선
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.128-133
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    • 2010
  • 목 적: 장중첩증은 영아기 급성 복통의 흔한 원인 중 하나로 대부분 특발성의 소장-대장형이다. 반면 소장형 장중첩증은 드물며 시작점을 보이는 경우가 있고 수술적 정복을 필요로하는 경우가 흔하다. 본 연구의 목적은 소아에서 소장형 장중첩증의 임상 양상과 경과에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 2005년에서 2010년까지 서울대병원에서 소장형 장중첩증으로 진단받은 21명의 환아들의 임상 양상 및 영상 소견을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과: 임상 양상은 복통 및 보챔(85%), 구토(23%), 발열(14%), 혈변(14%) 및 복부 종괴(4%) 등이었다. 여섯 명(28%)의 환아에서 수술적 치료가 필요하였다. 초음파에서 병변의 직경은 1.6${\pm}$0.7 cm였고 가장자리의 두께는 1.7${\pm}$1.8 mm였다. 열한 명에서 병변이 왼쪽 복부 혹은 배꼽 주위였다. 수술적 치료가 필요했던 환아들은 자연 정복된 환아들에 비해 평균 연령이 높았다(109${\pm}$17개월: 51${\pm}$20개월). 병변의 평균 직경 및 가장 자리의 두께는 수술적 치료가 필요했던 환아들에서 더 큰 소견을 보였고 위치는 두 그룹 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론: 소장형 장중첩증은 많은 소아에서 자연 정복된다. 그러나 초음파에서 크기가 크고, 나이가 많을수록 또한 병변의 시작점이 있으면 수술적 치료를 고려할 수 있다.

우리 나라 농촌지역(農村地域)에 부합하는 1차(次) 보건의료전달체계(保健醫療傳達體系) 정착구현(定着具現)에 관한 연구(硏究) -마을 보건임원(保健任員) 개발(開發)- (A Study on Implementation of Primary Health Care Delivery System meet to Rural Area in Korea -Village Health Voluntary Worker Development-)

  • 구연철;위자형;황선정;최삼섭
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 1979
  • A study was carried out from October 1977 to September 1978 in order to develope health care delively system which will meet to rural area in Korea. For the study objective a model of health care delivery system of Myun (township) area was developed which is adopted the net-work of village health voluntary worker who will play the role of bridge for communication related with health and illness between families or village people and health subcenter, and :he model health care delivery system net-work was set in the area of Soodong Myun, Yangju Gun. which is the rural health demonstration area of Ewha Womans University since 1972. The activities and attitude of 22 village health voluntary workers were observed and analized. during the study period. The results are as follows; 1. For the field activities of village health voluntary workers. a guide line which is described with specific behavioral objectives was developed and used for not only training of the workers but also evaluation of their field activities. 2. During the study period, the number of 971 village people were served primary health care service by village health voluntary worker and the service was classified largely into symptomatic medications (92%) and preventive measures (8%). 3. Comparative percentage of the number of 894 symptomatic cases cared by village health voluntary workers to 5,695 cases of patient treated by Soodong Health Subcenter during the same period was 15.7%. 4. Annual utility rate of village health voluntary worker by Myun total people was 16.1% but utility rate by Rie was varied from 38.2% to 2.8% which shown there were considerable differences in each Rie. In order to settle the village health care service, the obstructive factors of utility should be detected and their counter measure must be taken. 5. As the health need of village people increases, it is expected that the supplement of drug excluding present sit basic drugs is inevitable, but considering the ability of village health voluntary worker, the selection of additional drugs and education, plan should be carefully studied. 6. It is desirable that a financial resource for supplementary purchase of first aid kit, drugs and materials whould be alloted from village public fund like Saemaeul Women's Club fund, which has already practiced in a few villages in the study area. 7. As pointed out by village health voluntary workers, in order to improve the village health, village leaders should be in the center of it and the cooperation of whole village people is a core of healthful village development, and it is reasonable that the health subcenter backs up these voluntary health activities by village people in techniques. 8. It seems effective that a supplementary education for village health voluntary worker be accomplished by a planned education through regular meetings like worker's monthly meeting and irregular post guide when Myun Health Workers can handle the problems found during the round trip of villages. 9. It is desirable that village health voluntary workers, who are recommended by a civil voluntary organization like Saemael Woman's Club, are charged by natural villagc unit, are given a function of village health care service and used through basic education at health subcenter. 10. It is advisable that the village health voluntary worker's service is compensated not by a form of money, but by other way such as an exemption of medical fee of worker herself or her families in health subcenter can be one method. 11. Daily health activities of each village health voluntary worker should be reported to health subcenter by biweekly or monthly in order to get not only for basic data of the program but also for evaluation the program. It is recomandable that the report form should be simple and clear enough for village health voluntary worker to fill it effectively. 12. Village health care service should be developed into a Saemaeul Movement in which village people actively participate. For this, the appointed function of village health voluntary worker should be absorbed into those of living Environment Betterment Section or Family Planning Section of Saemaeul Women's Club or it is desirable that establish a new section, Village Health Promoting Section and make it involve the appointed functions of those sections mentioned above.

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UO$_{2}$ 펠릿 산화로의 분말 비산 방지를 위한 최종속도 측정 (Measurement of Terminal Velocity for Scatter Prevention of Powder in the Voloxidizer for Oxidation of UO$_{2}$ Pellet)

  • 김영환;윤지섭;정재후;진재현;홍동희
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.77-84
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    • 2005
  • 실증용 UO$_{2}$ pellet 산화로의 실증을 위한 제한된 핫셀 공간 안에서 사용후 핵 연료를 취급하는 산화로는 소형화 하여야 하고, 사용후 핵 연료 분말은 UO$_{2}$ pellet 산화로 장치로부터 비산되지 않아야 한다. 본 연구에서는 분말의 최종속도를 구하기 위하여 Stokes식과 밀도비식을 제안하였다. U$_{3}$O$_{8}$ 의 최종속도 SiO$_{2}$ 의 최종속도를 사용하여 예측하였고, 비산방지를 할 수 있는 최적유량을 결정하였다. SiO$_{2}$ 의 이론 최종속도 식을 검증하고, U$_{3}$O$_{8}$ 과 관계식을 예측하기 위하여 아크릴 장치를 만들었다. 목업시설 에 설치 된 산화로에서 제안된 이론최종속도식 인 Stokes식 의 20 L/min과 밀도비식의 14.5 L/min을 적용하여 U$_{3}$O$_{8}$ 분말의 필터감지에 의해 검증하였다. 그 결과 밀도비식에 의한 14.5 L/min은 U$_{3}$O$_{8}$ 이전혀 검출되지 않았고, Stokes식의 20 L/min에서는 평균 7$\mu$m 의 입도분말이 검출되었다. 따라서 UO$_{2}$ pellet 산화로에서 U$_{3}$O$_{8}$이 비산되지 않는 최적유량은 14.5L/min임을 알 수 있었고, 제안된 밀도비식이 바람직함을 알 수 있었다.

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CANDU 사용후핵연료 처분시스템 효율향상 개념 도출 (Alternative Concept to Enhance the Disposal Efficiency for CANDU Spent Fuel Disposal System)

  • 이종열;조동건;국동학;이민수;최희주
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.169-179
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    • 2011
  • 우리나라에서 운영하는 원자력발전소는 PWR형과 CANDU형 2종류가 있으며, 원자력발전에 의한 지속적인 에너지 공급을 위하여 이들로부터 발생하는 사용후핵연료에 대한 안전관리는 매우 중요한 인자이다. 사용후핵연료 처분을 위한 연구는 1997년부터 시작하여 한국형 사용후핵연료 처분시스템을 개발하였으며, 현재는 개발된 기술에 대한 실증 및 처분시스템의 효율향상을 위한 연구를 진행하고 있다. 또한, PWR형 사용후핵 연료의 경우 사용후핵연료 재활용 공정을 거쳐 원료물질로 다시 사용하는 연구가 진행 중이므로, 이들 공정으로부터 발생하는 고준위폐기물을 처분하는 방안을 강구하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 PWR형과 CANDU형 사용후핵연료 모두를 직접 처분하는 개념으로 개발한 한국형 사용후핵연료 처분시스템을 바탕으로 CANDU형 사용후핵연료 처분 시스템의 처분효율을 향상시키는 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여, 한국형 사용후핵연료 처분시스템의 CANDU 사용후핵연료 처분용기를 개선하여 현재 원자력발전소에서 사용하고 있는 사용후핵연료 60 다발(Bundle) 용량의 저장바스켓을 포장 활용하는 개념을 도출하고, 열해석을 통하여 처분시스템 완충재의 온도가 $100^{\circ}C$를 넘지 않도록 하는 요건을 만족하는 처분터널 및 처분공 간격을 정하여 이들에 대한 처분시스템 개념을 도출하였다. 이렇게 설정된 개념들을 단위면적당 열효율, 우라늄밀도(U-density), 처분면적, 굴착량, 완충재 및 폐쇄 물질량 측면에서 분석하여 처분효율이 가장 높은 방안을 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 추후 실제 부지특성자료와 연계하여 PWR 사용후핵연료 재활용공정으로부터 발생한 고준위폐기물 처분시스템과 함께 복합 처분장 설계에 활용될 것이다.