• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1219-1235
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• 2006

This study aimed to inquire the relationship among wellness, quality of life and socio-demographic variables in Korean middle school students. 'Korean Wellness Scale for Middle school students(K-WSM), Quality of Life Scale, and other socio-demographic data were surveyed to 1,200 students in national wide area. For the results, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation, and Multiple regression were conducted. With demographic variables, sex, religion, & academic achievement of students, social economic status(SES) and living with both of parents were positively related to wellness and quality of life. But grade and physical disease of student didn't show significant relationships. The relationship between wellness and quality of life showed high correlation (r=.66, p < .05). Among the wellness subscales, spiritual and social wellness showed significant predictive power. In the end, the contributions and limitations of this study were discussed.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.109-122
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• 2008

This study aims to examine the properties of using bakeries based on demographic variables and repurchase intention and recommendation intention according to participation rates in promotional events. First, demographic characteristics and frequency of using bakeries were analyzed. Second, crosstabulation analysis on usability was conducted according to demographic variables. Third, effects of participation rates in promotional events on repurchase intention and recommendation intention were examined. This study could provide the reasons why bakeries should do promotional events, showing their effects on sales. Surveys were conducted with the students of the culinary department and bakery customers to investigate the influence on repurchase intention and recommendation intention according to participation rates in promotional events. As a result, both repurchase intention and recommendation intention showed a significant result. Also, the study aims to improve understanding by analyzing demographic variables on the properties of using bakeries(frequency in use of bakeries, purchase type, bakery type that is preferred, a time slot being made a purchase, objects of purchase, and purchasing price per person) and create data to help the management of a bakery.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.554-564
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• 2013

We provide an empirical assessment that examines the differences in appearance management behavior, life satisfaction and demographic variables between groups classified by individual lifestyle. Questionnaires were administered to 513 female and male adults over 17 years of age in the Daegu and Kyungbok metropolitan regions. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, ANOVA, Duncan test and ${\chi}^2$ test were applied to analyze data from 513 respondents. The results are as follows. First, we did a cluster analysis on the appearance management behavior of weight training, skin care, hair care, make-up and clothing selection. Four groups (passive, rational, fashion oriented, and active typed) where classified according to individual lifestyle. Second, the rational and active groups were more interested in the social life, environmental stability, health, fashion and economic seeking life. They were also more involved in appearance management behavior and in a higher level of life satisfaction. However, the differences of life satisfaction among the lifestyle group (male) were not statistically significant. Third, females with higher level of income and education (among the demographic variables) belonged to the active group. We found significant differences in appearance management behavior, life satisfaction and demographic variables among male and female groups classified by lifestyle.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.341-353
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• 1996

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of demographic and housing life-style variables on evaluation or choice criteria to the decision making for purchasing house. The results of this research were as follows ; 1) In analysis on housing life-style according to demographic variables, it showed that the age group had significant difference in decoration pursuits ; the educational group had significant difference in self-expression ; the income group had significant difference in self-expression and interior function. 2) In analysis on evaluation or choice criteria of decision making for purchasing house according to demographic variables, it showed that : the age group had significant difference in surrounding environment ; the educational group had significant difference in interior environment, interior or exterior facilty, apartment management, economics and surrounding environment ; the income group had significant difference in avail of approach, convenience facilities, apartment management, economics and surrounding environment. 3) In analysis the influence of demographic and housing life-style variables on evaluation or choice criteria to decision making for purchasing house, it was effected on educational level, decoration pursuit, practicality and ostentation in interior environment ; decoration pursuit, self-expression, interior function and practicality in interior or exterior facility ; decoration pursuit, practicality and ostentation in avail ability of approach and convenience facilities ; self-expression, practicality and ostentation in apartment management and economics ; age level, income level, decoration pursuit, self-expression, practicality and ostentation in surrounding environment.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.810-827
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• 2021

Indonesian women have emerged as global consumers, and various studies are needed to expand the global fashion market targeting their needs. In this study, a survey was conducted to determine the fashion design preferences of Indonesian Muslim women according to demographic characteristics and religious variables. In this study, Indonesian women aged from their teens to their 40s were surveyed by questionnaire during June 2020. This yielded 301 survey responses, which were analyzed using χ²-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test using SPSS23. The results of the study are as follows: Analysis of the demographic characteristics of Indonesian Muslim women and the degree of acceptance of fashion trends according to religious variables showed significant differences according to age, monthly income, and the extent to which they wore a hijab. Analysis of the demographic characteristics of the women and the degree of acceptance of the fitted garment according to religious variables showed significant differences depending on their age, whether they were married, their monthly income, religious faithfulness, the extent to which they wore a hijab, and the degree of acceptance of Islamic discipline. After examining the difference in Muslim women's preferred fashion images (according to demographic characteristics and religious variables), significant differences were identified according to their age, income, extent to which they wore a hijab, and the degree of Islamic discipline with regard to clothing.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2015

In the 21^st century, green consumer behavior, playing one of the core roles of sustainability, is still an important issue to green-related stakeholders. Because one of the major objectives of green-consumer research is an improvement of behaviors aligned with greening, this paper revisited socio-demographic variables and shed light on segmenting and profiling green consumers based on their connectedness between socio-demographic variables and green behaviors. Using correlations, factor analysis, analysis of variance, k-means cluster analysis and χ²-tests, this paper shows that socio-demographic variables differentially impact green-consumer behaviors. In order to profile green consumers, this paper additionally attempts to segment green-consumer groups. The results also coincide with former findings that socio-demographic variables relate significantly with segmented green-consumer group behaviors. General findings are summarized as: 1) older people used green practices more strongly than younger people, 2) females demonstrated better energy-saving and recycling practices compared to males, 3) marital status also significantly influenced green-related behaviors, 4) subjective social class had a significant influence on green-related behaviors, 5) education level and income, however, weakly influenced or showed no impact on green-related behaviors, and 6) a green consumer was classified as an 'active green consumer,' 'utilitarian green consumer,' or 'inactivated green consumer.' The utilitarian green consumer group distinctively behaved more strongly in energy-saving and recycling practices compared to the inactivated green consumer group, whereas active green consumers behaved more strongly on the whole, when compared to those in the inactivated green consumer group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.13 no.1 s.29
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• pp.67-77
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• 1989

The purposes of the study were to compare the characteristics among five segments of the population (innovative communicators, innovators, opinion leaders, followers, indifferents) which were divided according to their fashion opinion leadersship and innovativeness. Thirty-one variables (thirteen fashion-related variables, five social variables, nine psychological variables, four demographic variables) were included in the analysis (analysis of variance, chi-square test). Data were obtained from 446 women living in Seoul area by self-administered questionnaire. The results of the study were as follows: there were significant differences among groups in most of fashion-related variables (fashion interest and clothing importance, four dimensions of clothing values, marketer-dominated and neutral information sources) and psychological variables (eight self-image variables) and in some of social and demographic variables (social activity, social stratum, education).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to prepare the base for the development of the high value clothing products with eco-friendly fabric which become the conversation topic recently. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was used. The subject of survey was the adult women in from their 20's to 50's. The survey areas were Gyungnam, Busan, Ulsan, and Daegu in Korea. The questions were formed with the results of a preliminary investigation and the contents selectively revised the measurement tools used to the previous studies. To analyze the collected data, $x^2$2-test, t-test, ANOVA were carried out with SPSS. In the result of difference analysis of the actual purchase conditions according to demographic variables, the purchase motives, the purchase items, and the purchase information showed the significant difference according to the demographic variables except monthly income, and the purchase place showed the significant difference to all the demographic variables. The results of difference analysis of post-purchase satisfaction according to the demographic variables and the purchase items were as follows, The post-purchase satisfaction in price showed the significant difference according to age and monthly income. The one in design showed the significant difference according to educational level and occupation. The one in fashion showed the significant difference according to marriage or non-marriage, age, educational level and occupation. The one in the wearing sensation showed the significant difference according to marriage or nonmarriage, age, educational level, occupation. The one in transformation showed the significant difference according to educational level, monthly income, purchase item. The one in laundry and management convenience showed the significant difference according to monthly income and purchase item. Finally, the one in pollution level showed the significant difference according to age, monthly income, occupation, and purchase item.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 1995

This research paper investigates the overall level of the consumer's satisfaction and complaint with medical services, relationships of them and the relationships of socio-demographic variables to them. Data were collected from 523 clients in Ulsan city. Results show that socio-demographic variables appear to have a little predictive power and consumer satisfaction variables are related to private consumer complaint.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

The present study investigated the relationship between demographic variables(gender, grade in school, etc.) and children's social intelligence. Elementary and middle school students responded to the self-reported inventory on social intelligence, and their teachers used the social intelligence rating scale for children. The results show gender, grade, and regional differences in children's abilities to deal with various social situation. Furthermore, parents' education and residence is also related to their children's social intelligence. Based on regression analyses, it was found that grade in school and parent education were the most influential variables in explaining variance in children's social intelligence.