• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.365-410
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• 2015

우리나라의 주택용 전력요금체계는 전력 사용량이 증가함에 따라 가격이 상승하는 구간별 가격체계의 특징을 보이고 있다. 우리나라의 현행 요금체계는 선진국의 경우보다 과도한 누진체계를 갖고 있어, 누진제 완화에 대한 논의가 이어져오고 있다. 기존 국내의 주택용 전력수요함수 추정에 대한 연구는 구간별 가격체계 하에서 주택용 전력수요함수를 추정함에 있어 소비자의 예산제약선이 선형이 아닌 굴절되는 형태를 갖게 된다는 점, 구간별 가격체계 하에서 소비자가 인식하는 가격이 과연 경제학 이론대로 한계가격인가에 관한 점, 가격변수의 내생성에 대한 문제 등을 충분히 고려하고 있지 않은 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구는 주택용 전력수요함수를 올바르게 추정하여 그 결과를 바탕으로 누진제 완화에 대한 시나리오 분석을 수행하고자 한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

With the current global need for eco-friendly energies, the large scale use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is predicted. However, the need to frequently charge EVs to an electrical power system involves risks such as rapid increase of demand power. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a practical smart EV charging scheme considering a Time-of-Use (ToU) price to prevent the rapid increase of demand power and provide load leveling function. For a more practical analysis, we conduct simulations based on the actual distribution system and driving patterns in the Republic of Korea. Results show that the proposed method provides a proper load leveling function while preventing a rapid increase of demand power of the system.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2000

In this paper, we introduce a point-to-multipoint minimum cost flow problem with convex and demand splitting. A source node transmits the traffic along the tree that includes members of the point-to-multipoint connection. The traffic is replicated by the nodes only at branch points of the tree. In order to minimize the sum of arc costs, we assume that the traffic demand can be splitted and transmitted to destination nodes along different trees. If arc cost is linear, the problem would be a Steiner tree problem in networks eve though demand splitting is permitted. The problem would be applied in transmitting large volume of traffic from a serve to clients in Internet environments. Optimality conditions of the problem are presented in terms of fair tree routing. The proposed algorithm is a finite terminating algorithm for $\varepsilon$-optimal solution. convergence of the algorithm is obtained under monotonic condition and strict convexity of the cost function. Computational experiences are included.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.113-127
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• 1993

In this study, a substitution model of the evolutionary generations of technological products is presented. The purpose of the model is to examine the demand side mechanisms which generate successive product life cycles along the path of technological improvements. In the model, the nature of substitution processes is summarized dto the demand function which is derived from the consumer's udtility maximization problem. To describe the nature of technological substitution processes, the concept of the vertical differentiation and the consumption externalities are considered in the utility function. The former is used to characterize the result of technological improvement and the latter is used in explaining the inertia of demand. To show the validity of the model, an empirical study is carried out using the data of the world DRAM market.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.289-291
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• 2000

In a competitive electricity power market, the price of electricity changes instantly, that of conventional market is predetermined and hardly changes. In such a new environment, customers' behaviors change instantly according to the changing electricity prices. If we develop a electricity load model that well describes the behavior of electricity consumers, we can utilize that model in forecasting the amount of future load, solving the load flow problem and finding the weak point of the system. In this paper new electricity model that considers the price of electricity and power factor of the load is presented. While conventional load model, which is demand function of electricity, uses the price of real and reactive power as the independent variable of the demand function. this new load model uses price of real power and penalty factor according to the power factor for the calculation of amount of electricity demand.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.734-736
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• 1999

The electricity demand has been in the trend of increase for the past 30 years except last year due to economic crisis. The central electrical power dispatch center anticipates each and every hour's electricity demand and dispatch every power plant's output(MW) taking into account of the costs, frequency regulation abilities, locations, reliabilities and so on. to meet the demand as quickly as possible. The large portion of the power plants' output is contolled automatically by the AGC(Automatic Generation Control) function which is a part of the EMS(Energy Manage System) computer in the dispatch center. To receive the electrical power dispatch signal from the EMS, a power plant should have a remote MW control feature in the turbine control system or unit master control system. We investigated the AGC function and a power plant's remote MW control configuration.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.662-671
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• 2012

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) will be widely used in future transportation systems to reduce oil fuel consumption. Therefore, the electrical energy demand will be increased due to the charging of a large number of vehicles. Without intelligent control strategies, the charging process can easily overload the electricity grid at peak hours. In this paper, we consider a smart charging and discharging process for multiple PHEVs in a building's garage to optimize the energy consumption profile of the building. We formulate a centralized optimization problem in which the building controller or planner aims to minimize the square Euclidean distance between the instantaneous energy demand and the average demand of the building by controlling the charging and discharging schedules of PHEVs (or 'users'). The PHEVs' batteries will be charged during low-demand periods and discharged during high-demand periods in order to reduce the peak load of the building. In a decentralized system, we design an energy cost-sharing model and apply a non-cooperative approach to formulate an energy charging and discharging scheduling game, in which the players are the users, their strategies are the battery charging and discharging schedules, and the utility function of each user is defined as the negative total energy payment to the building. Based on the game theory setup, we also propose a distributed algorithm in which each PHEV independently selects its best strategy to maximize the utility function. The PHEVs update the building planner with their energy charging and discharging schedules. We also show that the PHEV owners will have an incentive to participate in the energy charging and discharging game. Simulation results verify that the proposed distributed algorithm will minimize the peak load and the total energy cost simultaneously.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

우리나라는 성공적인 물 관리를 위하여 1980년대 이후 상수도 보급을 중심으로 한 공급정책이 성공적으로 진행되었고, 1990년대 이후 물 가격이 상수도 수요에 미치는 영향 등 수요관리에 대한 정책이 이어지고 있다. 최근 들어 물 가격결정과 효율적인 수자원 관리에 논의가 부각되고 있다. 본 논문은 부산지역을 대상으로 물수요 관리의 핵심 변수로서 물 가격의 결정 요인과 가격 수준 설정에 대한 논의를 수요함수추정을 통하여 분석한다. 주요 변수로는 총 인구, 수도 요금, 소득, 가구 수, 에너지 가격으로 선정되었고, 시계열 자료의 특성을 고려한 초월대수함수 모형을 설정하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 물 수요는 인구, 소득 등 실물 경제변수에는 양의 효과를, 물 가격, 에너지 가격 등 가격변수에는 음의 효과를 나타냈다. 향후 지역별 미래 물 소비량에 따른 공급 능력 확보와 지속적인 물 절약을 위하여 수도 요금 조정이 효율적 정책방안으로 판단되며, 디지털 정보의 이용 확대 등 보완적 수자원 관리 정책도 동시에 요구된다. 또한 용도별, 지역별, 시간별로 세분화된 자료를 구축하고, 정교한 계량분석모형을 이용한 연구가 요청된다.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze basic conditions for the demand estimation erection of lifetime sports facilities. This is described the whole concept of lifetime sports(sport for all) for helping the understanding of its concept correctly. Firstly, second chapter was examined the significance, function and role of lifetime sports in modern society. Secondly, third and forth chapter was examined demand and participation of lifetime sports activities for demand estimation of lifetime sports facilities. Participation rate is on the rise by the increase in income and leisure time to some extent, but after that it stops rising. In other words, the same participation rate persists without additional increase in participation by the changes in time deepening and in the patterns of demand for lifetime sports activities.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2009

In a real-life supply chain environment, demand forecasting is usually represented by probabilistic distributions due to the uncertainty inherent in customer demands. However, the customer demand used for an actual supply chain planning is a single deterministic value for each of periods. In this paper we study the choice of single demand value among of the given customer demand distribution for a period to be used in the supply chain planning. This paper considers distributed multi-echelon supply chain and the objective function of this paper is to minimize the total costs, that is the sum of holding and backorder costs over the distribution network under the service level constraint, by using demand selection scheme. Some useful findings are derived from various simulation-based experiments.