• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.201-201
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• 2017

Delayed stem senescence of soybean is a phenomenon of retarded leaf and stem yellowing, where plants maintain a high stem water content and remain chlorophyll in leaf and stem at maturity stage. This phenomenon was one of the most important physiological disease in Japanese soybean cultivation. The occurrence of delayed stem senescence was affected by sowing time. And the most of Japanese field, soybean seeds were sowed in June. June is the rainy season in Japan, and the soil water content of field become higher in this season. In this study, the effects of late sowing (July sowing) on the yield and the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in soybean cultivars Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were examined from 2013 to 2015, in the experimental farm at Nihon University (Fujisawa-city, Kanagawa, Japan). The seeds of all cultivars were sowed in June (June-normal density plot) or July (July-normal density plot, July-high density plot and July-super high density plot) in field experiment. The pot experiments were carried out in 2014. In all cultivars, the yield of July-high density plot and July-super high density were higher than that of June normal density plot. And the yield of June-normal density plot was the same as that of July-normal density plot. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was increased by seeding in June sowing. And in July sowing plots, no significance difference in the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was observed among density plots. One of reason about the increasing the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in June-normal plot was the increasing of the damaged seeds by bean bugs. Add one of reason about the decreasing of the occurrence of delayed stem senescence of July plots was the decreasing of the amount of cytokinin supplied from root to top and water stress after the flowering time was improved compared with the June plot. In conclusion, the yield of Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were not changed by changing the sowing time from June to July. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence were decreasing by seeding in July.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2006

Most plant organs develop from meristems. Rice FON1, which is an ortholog of Clv1, regulates stem cell proliferation and organ initiation. The point mutations, fon1-1 and fon1-2, disrupt meristem balance, resulting in alteration of floral organ numbers and the architecture of primary rachis branches. In this study, we identified two knockout alleles, fon1-3 and fon1-4, generated by T-DNA and Tos17 insertion, respectively. Unlike the previously isolated point mutants, the null mutants have alterations not only of the reproductive organs but also of vegetative tissues, producing fewer tillers and secondary rachis branches. The mutant plants are semi-dwarfs due to delayed leaf emergence, and leaf senescence is delayed. SEM analysis showed that the shoot apical meristems of fon1-3 mutants are enlarged. These results indicate that FON1 controls vegetative as well as reproductive development by regulating meristem size.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2016

바이오에너지용 억새의 트랙터 부착 수확기 등 중장비 동원 늦은 수확에 따른 부작용을 구명하기 위해 전년도 생육 줄기의 늦은 수확 시기별 당년 생육특성과 마른줄기 수량을 구명한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시험포장의 지하 10 cm 토양 경도는 맹아시, 맹아기, 맹아종 수확에서 각각 650, 793, 735 kPa로 일정한 경향이 없었으나 지하 20 cm에서는 각각 741, 915, 1,045 kPa로 늦게 수확할수록 단단해 졌다. 2. 이질 3배체에 비해 거대1호가 생육시기별 경수의 변이폭이 컸다. 거대 1호는 수확 시기별로 가장 늦은 맹아종에서 생육중기(5월 22일)에 169개/$m^2$로 가장 많았으나 생육 최성기(7월 22일)에 70개/$m^2$로 급격히 감소하였다. 3. 수확시기가 늦을수록 당년 생성된 지하경이 전년의 것에 비해 가늘어져 맹아종 수확에서 전년, 당년생성 지하경태가 거대 1호는 각각 9.2 mm, 6.7 mm 이질 3배체는 각각 8.5 mm, 8.0 mm였다. 4. 수확시기가 늦을수록 경장이 작아지고 아울러 줄기수량도 감소하였다. 거대1호와 이질3배체의 경장은 맹아시 수확에서 각각 308 cm, 374 cm였으나 맹아종 수확에서는 각각 268 cm, 341 cm로 작아졌다. 줄기 수량 또한 맹아시 수확에서는 각각 1,440 kg/10a, 1,777 kg/10a였으나 맹아종 수확에서는 각각 847 kg/10a, 963 kg/10a로 크게 감소하였다. 5. 출수율은 거대 1호의 경우 맹아시 수확에서 3.9%로 극히 낮았고, 맹아기 및 맹아종 수확에서는 거의 출수되지 않았다. 이질3배체는 맹아시 수확에서 49.6%였고, 맹아기, 맹아종에서도 각각 40.6%, 21.8% 수준을 유지하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.22-22
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• 2019

Green stem disorder (GSD) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is characterized by delayed senescence of stems with normal pod ripening and seed maturation (Hobbs, 2006). GSD complicates harvesting of soybeans by significantly increasing the difficulty in cutting the affected plants. There is also the potential for moisture in the stems to be scattered on the seed, reducing the grade and storability of the seed. Not only the cause of GSD is yet unknown, but also GSD cannot be evaluated until maturity, therefore the method to evaluate GSD in early growth stage with high sensitivity is necessary. In previous studies, it has been reported that vegetative storage protein (VSP) accumulates and the syndrome of GSD appears in soybean after depod treatment (Fischer, 1999). Soybean VSP is a storage protein which is abundant in young sink leaves and degraded during seed fill (Wittenbach, 1982). Hence, we have established a system to quantify VSP of high sensitivity by using standard protein made by genetically transformed E. coli and specific antibody against VSP, and studied the relationship between VSP and GSD, by depod experiment and drought/excess wet experiments. The result of depod experiment with the cultivar 'Yukihomare' was the same with the previous studies, VSP accumulated much more than control and the syndrome of GSD appeared in soybean in depod treatment. Drought and excess wet had different impact on GSD. Excess wet caused GSD of the cultivar 'Tachinagaha (GSD susceptible)', while drought caused a little syndrome of GSD in the cultivar 'Touhoku 129 (GSD resistant)'. The accumulation of VSP differed between the two cultivars over time. In conclusion, the accumulation of VSP came along with the emergence of GSD. Different cultivars showed different response to drought and excess wet. In the future, it is expected that the dynamics of VSP will be elucidated in detail, leading to the development of early diagnosis technology for green stem disorder and the elucidation of mechanism of soybean GSD.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2024

Background: Although the survival outcomes of childhood cancer patients have improved, childhood cancer survivors suffer from various degrees of immune dysfunction or delayed immune reconstitution. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) on T cell recovery in childhood cancer patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) from the perspective of inflammatory and senescent phenotypes. Methods: This was a single-arm exploratory trial. The KRG group (n = 15) received KRG powder from month 1 to month 12 post-ASCT. We compared the results of the KRG group with those of the control group (n = 23). The proportions of T cell populations, senescent phenotypes, and cytokine production profiles were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-ASCT using peripheral blood samples. Results: All patients in the KRG group completed the treatment without any safety issues and showed a comparable T cell repopulation pattern to that in the control group. In particular, KRG administration influenced the repopulation of CD4⁺ T cells via T cell expansion and differentiation into effector memory cell re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA) cells. Although the KRG group showed an increase in the number of CD4⁺ EMRA cells, the expression of senescent and exhausted markers in these cells decreased, and the capacity for senescence-related cytokine production in the senescent CD28^- subset was ameliorated. Conclusions: These findings suggest that KRG promotes the repopulation of CD4⁺ EMRA T cells and regulates phenotypical and functional senescent changes after ASCT in pediatric patients with cancer.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.422-426
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• 2009

Sweetpotato is one of the important starch crops, current more considered as an industrial crop rather than food because it has higher starch content (over 80% of biomass), it is used for bio resources for industrial area. In this study, we generated S598A (a mutant gene of oat phytochrome A) sweetpotato plant using Agrobacterium-transformation method. Morphological characteristics of S598A plant were compared with the wild type sweetpotato, S598A had darker green leaves, increased chlorophyll content higher than to two-fold, delayed leaf senescence, shorter plant height (60% shorter than that of the wild type), more number of leaves and petioles about 1.8-fold, shorter petiole length (30% shorter), 1.2-fold more branches and 1.6-fold thicker stem diameters. From this study, S598A plants with such phenotypic characteristics might be able to use the solar energy efficiently, to have increased tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and finally to increase productivity (not only starch yield but also root biomass yield). S598A sweetpotato lines are under field trials.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1988

전국 밭토양에서 수집 분리하여 우수균주로 선발된 Rhizobium japonicum균주의 접종이 대두의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향등을 조사하여 대두(大豆) 생산성(生産性) 향상(向上)을 위한 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종제(接種劑)의 이용(利用) 가능성을 확인(確認)하고자 접종효과(接種效果)를 포장시험(圃場試驗)으로 실시하였다. 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. Rhizobium균주의 접종(接種)에 의해 착생근류수(着生根瘤數) 및 근류(根瘤)무게는 질소비료 시용유무(施用有無)에 관계없이 증가하는 경향이었고 질소고정활성도 증가하였다. 2. 대두(大豆)잎중의 chlorophyll함량 변화는 질소 무시용구(無施用區)에서는 Rhizobium균주의 접종(接種)에 의해 chlorophyll함량이 증가되고 노화(老化)도 연장되는 경향이었으나 질소시용구(窒素施用區)에서는 큰 차이를 볼수가 없었다. 3. Rhizobium 균주의 접종(接種)에 의해 경장 및 절수(節數)에는 별영향을 미치지 못했으나 협수 및 지상부(地上部) 건물중이 증가하는 경향이었다. 4. 단위면적당(單位面積當) 대두수량(大豆收量)을 보면 질소무시용구(窒素無施用區)에서는 Rhizobium균(菌) 무접종구(無接種區)(337kg/10a)에 비하여 접종구(接種區)에서는 363~374kg/10a로 8~11%의 수량이 증가 되었으며 질소시용구(窒素施用區)에서는 368~384kg/10a로 질소무시용구(窒素無施用) 무접종구(無接種區)에 비해 9~14%의 수량증가가 인정되었다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2017

오리엔탈 나리 '시베리아'의 건식저장 기간에 따른 절화 보존 시 수분함량 변화와 절화수명을 구명하고자 하였다. 본 실험에서 저장 기간에 따라 저온 저장($5^{\circ}C$)을 한 다음 절화수명에 관계된 수분 및 품질 변화와 개화 정도를 검토하여 '시베리아' 나리의 절화 수확 후 관리 기술에 관계된 기본적인 자료를 얻고자 하였다. '시베리아' 나리를 채화하여 저온에서 건식저장 기간에 따라 3일, 6일, 12일한 후 절화보존 동안에 생체중 변화, 수분균형, 개화정도 등을 조사하였으며 대조구로서 상온 건식저장과 비교하였다. 저온 건식저장 후에 '시베리아' 나리의 수분함량은 건식저장 기간에 영향을 받아 저장하는 기간이 짧을수록 높아져 저장 3일이 다른 처리구보다 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 꽃의 수분함량은 절화보존 시 지속적으로 증가하는데, 저장 기간이 짧을수록 수분이 높게 유지되었다. 생체중 변화는 건식저장 기간에 영향을 받아 저장 기간이 짧았던 것에서 생체중의 증가 정도가 컸으며 음(-)의 값에 이르는 기간이 늦어지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 절화보존 시 생체중 변화는 저온 건식저장 3일이 생체중 증가 정도가 완만하게 변하며 수분균형도 8일째에 음(-)의 값에 도달하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 저장 온도 차이에 따른 생체중 변화는 상온에서 저장한 절화가 저온저장보다 증감 정도가 더 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 개화정도는 '시베리아' 나리의 건식저장 기간이 길어질수록 개화시기가 빨라지며, 절화가 빨리 시들어 상품으로써 유지 기간이 짧아졌다. 개화상태를 비교해 보면 3일 저온 건식저장이 다른 처리보다 개화하는 속도가 늦었으나 절화수명은 다른 처리구보다 길게 나타났다. '시베리아' 나리의 저온 건식저장은 저장 기간이 짧을수록 저장 후 수분함량이 높고 수분 균형값이 음(-)에 늦게 도달하였으며 개화상태가 좋고 절화수명도 길어지는 것으로 나타났다. '시베리아' 나리는 건식저장을 통한 작물체내 수분 함량 감소가 절화보존 시 개화 특성에도 영향을 미쳐 저장기간이 길수록 절화수명이 감소하여 상품 가치를 떨어뜨렸다. '시베리아' 나리 절화를 소비자가 이용 시, 상품 가치 유지를 위해서는 기존 결과의 6일 동안 저온 건식저장도 절화수명을 단축시키므로 저장 기간을 최소화하는 것이 절화 품질 유지를 위해 바람직하다고 판단된다.