• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.2108-2117
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the exciter attached for the measurement of natural frequencies when extracting the frequency response functions of the test structure in experimental modal analysis. The procedure is first to model the attached exciter as an additional degree of freedom system and next to verify the suggested model by experimentally extracting the natural frequencies of the test structure with various values of exciter mass, stinger stiffness and attachment position of the exciter on the test structure. It is concluded that as additional degree of freedom system which includes the natural frequency of the exciter itself and axial stiffness of stinger should be considered to quantatively define the coupling effects of structure-exciter interaction on the measured natural frequencies. It is not the mass of the exciter itself but the coupling effect of the additional degree of freedom mass-spring system consisting of exciter body and armature coil that characterizes the natural frequency deviation. Therefore, when the natural frequency of this additional mass-spring system is outside of the test frequency range, the coupling effect of structure-exciter interaction can be minimized.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.109-132
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• 2013

Current codes incorporate simplified methods for the prediction of acceleration demands on secondary structural and non-structural elements at different levels of a building. While the use of simple analysis methods should be advocated, damage to both secondary structural and non-structural elements in recent earthquakes have highlighted the need for improved design procedures for such elements. In order to take a step towards the formation of accurate but simplified methods of predicting floor spectra, this work examines the floor spectra on elastic and inelastic single-degree of freedom systems subject to accelerograms of varying seismic intensity. After identifying the factors that appear to affect the shape and intensity of acceleration demands on secondary structural and non-structural elements, a new series of calibrated equations are proposed to predict floor spectra on single degree of freedom supporting structures. The approach uses concepts of dynamics and inelasticity to define the shape and intensity of the floor spectra at different levels of damping. The results of non-linear time-history analyses of a series of single-degree of freedom supporting structures indicate that the new methodology is very promising. Future research will aim to extend the methodology to multi-degree of freedom supporting structures and run additional verification studies.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1227-1234
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• 2017

The two-degree-of-freedom direct drive induction motor, which is capable of linear, rotary and helical motion, has a wide application in special industry such as industrial robot arms. It is inevitable that the linear motion and rotary motion generate coupling effect on each other on account of the high integration. The analysis of this effect has great significance in the research of two-degree-of-freedom motors, which is also crucial to realize precision control of them. The coupling factor considering the coupling effect is proposed and addressed by 3D finite element method. Then the corrected mathematical model is presented by importing the coupling factor. The results from it are verified by 3D finite element model and prototype test, which validates the corrected mathematical model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.33-39
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• 2003

The stiffness of multi-articulated industrial robots is very weak, because their structure is an articulated type with some links and joints. Thus it is known that cutting processes for metals are not accepted in machine shop well, but they have a lot of merits for cutting processes, for example, drilling, tapping, and engraving etc, because of the characteristics of their high degree of freedom. The temptation of cutting aluminium was carried out to investigate the feasibility and the limitations or constraints for cutting metals on them. First the mode shapes of 6 degree of freedom welding robot were taken and analysed, and next the cutting processes were practically carried out on it. The results of study were found out to show the feasibility of cutting processes at drilling under 6mm of tool diameter, as well as to have some limitations and constraints, for examples, feed rate, depth of cut and cutting force etc.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2006

A three-degree of freedom model of intake system was contrived and investigated in various ways for the purpose of the amelioration of the volumetric efficiency in a low and transient engine speed for a multi cylinder diesel engine. The basic concept beyond this model started from the theory that each degree of freedom model has volumetric efficiency peak as many as its number of the degree of freedom. The volumetric efficiency affects significantly to the engine performance; torque characteristics, fuel economy and emission level. For commercial vehicles and stationary engines, the engine is designed so as to produce their best performance near the normal engine speeds, thus the low engine speed area has a tendency of poor volumetric efficiency. The aim of this study was highlighted on the amelioration of volumetric efficiency of low engine speed area in a multi cylinder diesel engine matched with an additional Helmholtz resonator. By the use of VIS(variable induction system) volumetric efficiency at low engine speed range was significantly improved. The availability of control by combination of VIS and CIS(conventional induction system) will be proposed as a variable induction system that would be an appropriate model for amelioration of the volumetric efficiency at low engine speed.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.495-503
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• 2000

In this paper we propose a design procedure of loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ digital controller for sampled-data system. We extend the continuous time loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ control problem to sampled-data system. The configuration of generalized plant is modified for sampled-data system. And then using continuous lifting we obtain the digital controller. In the final stage of loop-shaping procedure the problem of absorbing weighting functions is discussed. We summarize this study to the design procedure and illustrate the application for an inverted pendulum on the cart.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1071-1091
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• 2014

Pounding of adjacent structures are always a notable reason for damages after strong ground motions, but it is already unforeseen detail in newly constructed structures. Thus, several approaches have been proposed in order to prevent the pounding of structures. By using optimally tuned mass dampers, it is possible to decrease the displacement vibrations of structures. But in adjacent structures, the response of both structures must be considered in the objective function of optimization process. In this paper, two different designs of Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD) are investigated. The first design covers independent TMDs on both structures. In the second design, adjacent structures are coupled by a TMD on the top of the structures. Optimum TMD parameters are found by using the developed optimization methodology employing harmony search algorithm. The proposed method is presented with single degree of freedom and multiple degree of freedom structures. Results show that the coupled design is not effective on multiple degree of freedom adjacent structures. The coupled design is only effective for rigid structures with a single degree of freedom while the use of independent TMDs are effective on both rigid and flexural structures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.107-127
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• 2008

Wind turbine blades are increasing in magnitude without a proportional increase of stiffness for which reason geometrical and inertial nonlinearities become increasingly important. Often these effects are analysed using a nonlinear truncated expansion in undamped fixed base mode shapes of a blade, modelling geometrical and inertial nonlinear couplings in the fundamental flap and edge direction. The purpose of this article is to examine the applicability of such a reduced-degree-of-freedom model in predicting the nonlinear response and stability of a blade by comparison to a full model based on a nonlinear co-rotating FE formulation. By use of the reduced-degree-of-freedom model it is shown that under strong resonance excitation of the fundamental flap or edge modes, significant energy is transferred to higher modes due to parametric or nonlinear coupling terms, which influence the response and stability conditions. It is demonstrated that the response predicted by such models in some cases becomes instable or chaotic. However, as a consequence of the energy flow the stability is increased and the tendency of chaotic vibrations is reduced as the number of modes are increased. The FE model representing the case of infinitely many included modes, is shown to predict stable and ordered response for all considered parameters. Further, the analysis shows that the reduced-degree-of-freedom model of relatively low order overestimates the response near resonance peaks, which is a consequence of the small number of included modes. The qualitative erratic response and stability prediction of the reduced order models take place at frequencies slightly above normal operation. However, for normal operation of the wind turbine without resonance excitation 4 modes in the reduced-degree-of-freedom model perform acceptable.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2001

In this paper, two plant models, of which one is newly developed and the other one is the conventional one, of the focus servo system of DVD drive are presented and a two-degree-of freedom controller consisted of Inverse dynamics feedforward and LQG/LTR feedback controller is designed. The newly developed plant model is used to design the feedforward controller and the conventional model is used for the design of feedback controller. The output of newly developed model is the displacement of objective lens and the output of conventional model is the focus error of the DVD focus servo system. The displacement of the objective lens is estimated by the dynamics model of the DVD focus servo system. The disturbance rejection performance of the two-degree-of freedom controller is compared with that of an LQG/LTR one.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.78-85
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• 1996

The effect of vertical vibration of a beam is significantly influenced by higher modes of vibration. Therefore, a beam can be modeled using several elements must De used to represent a vibrating beam. As a result, analysis of a space framed structure for vertical vibration requires increase number of elements leading to more complicated model with many degree of freedom which requires large amount of computing resources for dynamic analysis. An efficient analysis method for vertical vibration of space framed structures are proposed in this paper which is presented in three method. The first method is to determine minimum nodes that shall be used to obtain dynamic response with the vertical vibration. Secondly, matrix condensation methods are introduced to reduce the computation efforts used to perform dynamic analysis and the selection of primary degree-of-freedom is proposed. The third method is of using the mass participation factor for the selection of primary degree-of-freedom.