• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.443-452
• /
• 2008

경상북도 낙동강 상류부의 삼림 및 관목식물군락에 대해 식물사회학적 조사를 하였다. 그 결과 3군강에 속하는 10군락단위와 상급단위 미결정 4군락단위를 식별하였다: A-1 단풍나무-너도밤나무군강군, 물푸레나무-느릅나무군목, 미정의 군단: 1) 들메나무군락: 느티나무군목(가칭), 느티나무군단(가칭): 2) 느티나무군락, A-2 나도버들군강, 버드나무군목, 버드나무군단: 3)버드나무-왕버들군집, 4) 버드나무군집, 5) 시무나무군집, 6) 갯버들군집, 7) 눈갯버들군집, 8) 선버들군집, A-3 찔레꽃군강, 마-칡군목, 쥐다래-왕머루군단: 9)국수나무군락, 10)구기자나무군락, A-4 상급단위 미결정의 군락: 11) 누리장나무군락, 12) 가죽나무군락, 13) 아까시나무군락, 14) 족제비싸리군락. 본 연구에서 식별된 군락단위는 cluster분석의 결과와 아주 잘 일치하였다. 다변량 분석에 있어서 주성분분석의 결과는 이보다 덜 일치하였으나 인위적 영향에 따라 집합의 정도를 나타내는 것으로 해석되었다. 이들 삼림 및 관목의 식생단위는 일본의 것과 공통성이 높은 초본군락과는 달리, 군집레벨에서 한국에 고유한 다섯 개의 식생단위를 포함하였다. 이상의 군락생태학적 연구를 바탕으로 각 군락과 환경과의 관계, 자연보호 등에 관해 논하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.282-289
• /
• 2011

Objectives: We sought to establish a novel method to generate nano-sized carbon black particles (nano-CBPs) with an average size smaller than 100 nm for examining the inhalation exposure risks of experimental rats. We also tested the effect of nano-CBPs on the pulmonary and circulatory systems. Methods: We used chemical vapor deposition (CVD) without the addition of any additives to generate nano-CBPs with a particle size (electrical mobility diameter) of less than 100nm to examine the effects of inhalation exposure. Nano-CBPs were applied to a nose-only inhalation chamber system for studying the inhalation toxicity in rats. The effect on the lungs and circulatory system was determined according to the degree of inflammation as quantified by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The functional alteration of the hemostatic and vasomotor activities was measured by plasma coagulation, platelet activity, contraction and relaxation of blood vessels. Results: Nano-CBPs were generated in the range of 83.3-87.9 nm. Rats were exposed for 4 hour/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks to $4.2{\times}10^6$, $6.2{\times}10^5$, and $1.3{\times}10^5$ particles/$cm^3$. Exposure of nano-CBPs by inhalation resulted in minimal pulmonary inflammation and did not appear to damage the lung tissue. In addition, there was no significant effect on blood functions, such as plasma coagulation and platelet aggregation, or on vasomotor function. Conclusion: We successfully generated nano-CBPs in the range of 83.3-87.9 nm at a maximum concentration of $4.2{\times}10^6$ particles/$cm^3$ in a nose-only inhalation chamber system. This reliable method can be useful to investigate the biological and toxicological effects of inhalation exposure to nano-CBPs on experimental rats.