• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.10 no.2 s.35
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• pp.263-277
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• 1998

Recently, it is frequently reported that fatigue damages of deck slabs and floor systems of highway bridges occur under the conditions of increasing weight and traffic of heavy vehicles. These troubles are affected by dynamic wheel load of heavy vehicles running on roadway surface roughness with bump at expansion joint. It is required that this kind of traffic-induced vibration of highway bridges must be analyzed by using three-dimensional models of bridge and vehicle. In this study, the three-dimensional dynamic analysis is carried out, and dynamic responses of deck slab and wheel loads of moving vehicle are estimated according to different vehicle speeds and bump heights. Analytical responses of bridge deck slab are compared with experimental ones which were measured at Umeda entrance bridge of Hanshin Expressway in Osaka.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.43-46
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• 2011

The noise characteristics of multi-purpose dive support vessel show the different patterns such as types of noise sources, accommodation arrangement and etc due to its operation. Especially, the tunnel and retractable thruster for the dynamic positioning should be considered at the noise analysis. The floating floor is selected as the main measure of noise reduction and is constructed at the deck near the noise sources. In this paper, the noise analysis of dive support vessel is based on the estimation of noise sources and floating floor and SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis) is used for analysis of the air-born noise and structure-borne noise. The noise analysis of air conditioning system is also carried out and the noise results of cabin room are reviewed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.545-552
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• 2012

Domestic marina facilities today consist mostly of composite-type marinas with particular spatial composition characteristics, due to the regulatory restrictions that keep their development in the public sector and the tepid growth of marine leisure-sports. To develop a marina club design appropriate for domestic conditions, this study establishes space program standards for designing Korean marinas based on a case analysis of existing marina clubs and a survey of floating marina clubs. It is possible for a current composite-type Korean marina club to have a spatial composition of 16~18% for marina-exclusive facility (mFA), 47~49% for commercial facility (cFA), 27~30% for public space (pFA) and 5~8% for management space (emFA). With this composition as a basis, space program estimation of a Korean marina club can be done through the process of estimating in order the marina-exclusive facility area, the floor area by each space and the total floor area, the first floor area, the deck area and the pontoon area. Since the space program established in this study can be utilized as a tool for designing a Korean marina club, it is expected to be helpful in designing marina clubs in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

This research carried out to optimize crossbeams and stringers of steel box girder bridges, which are parts of floor system and support loading from the bridge deck. In the current design practice, the crossbeam is densely deployed with a spacing of 6 meters, and the stringer is placed between the crossbeams. The crossbeams and stringer are connected to the deck through slab anchors but the allowable stress of the compression flange is determined by the lateral-torsional buckling. To increase economic efficiency of the steel box girder bridges. the increased spacing of the crossbeam was studied. The study shows that the spacing can be increased up to 10 meters. However, higher strength steel plates are necessary. Shear studs rather than slab anchors are also recommended to prevent lateral-torsional buckling strength of the crossbeams and stringer.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.9-18
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• 2008

The study was intended to suggest the design alternatives of rural village community center based on the design directions which were derived from the previous research, and to evaluate the alternatives by rural residents. The previous research was carried out to grasp the conditions and user's needs of rural village community center. The subjects were 100 residents who lived in rural area in Chonlabukdo. The interview was carried out using a questionnaire with model and isometrics of two alternatives, which showed floor plan and building shape. The subjects evaluated positively both of two alternatives, but slightly more preferred alternative | because of a spacious diningroom and an indoor toilet. The size of a livingroom and entrance, indoor toilet space/location, storage space and deck were significant elements in two alternatives according to t-test. They responded that both of indoor and outdoor toilet should be planned in rural village center. Also, each toilet and room for man and woman should be separated. Entrance space should be enough to take on/off their shoes in a sitting position and deck space was planned to intermediate between indoor and outdoor space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.144-154
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• 2006

Except the time when relics of a museum are exhibited or loaned to the public, they are stored in a storage. In addition, it is common view that collections are exhibited a few of total stored collections in a museum. Therefore, the environmental condition of a storage is an important factor. Hereby, the purpose of this study is to suggest the design guidelines of a storage for conservation of relics in a museum. The results from this study are as follows briefly. First, location of storages has to be located and centralized above ground against preservation environment and additional renovation. Second, for storage size, It is reasonable to secure long-term experimental data after planning about 20% of whole section in present domestic situation. Third, in order to prevent environmental deterioration due to short storage floor space, adequate storage height has to be secured against a mezzanine deck and spare storages need to be planned. Where a mezzanine deck is designed, detailed plans have to be supported for equal micro climate in a storage. Fourth, in respect of environmental control of storages, finish materials with adjustment ability on relative humidity have to be used after the system is installed jointly direct and indirect way by air chamber, considering domestic condition for management of intermittent ventilation.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.375-394
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• 2015

This paper presents the results of four long-term experiments carried out to investigate the time-dependent behaviour of composite floor slabs with particular attention devoted to the development of non-uniform shrinkage through the slab thickness. This is produced by the presence of the steel deck which prevents moisture egress to occur from the underside of the slab. To observe the influence of different drying conditions on the development of shrinkage, the four 3.3 m long specimens consisted of two composite slabs cast on Stramit Condeck $HP^{(R)}$ steel deck and two reinforced concrete slabs, with the latter ones having both faces exposed for drying. During the long-term tests, the samples were maintained in a simply-supported configuration subjected to their own self-weight, creep and shrinkage for four months. Separate concrete samples were prepared and used to measure the development of shrinkage through the slab thickness over time for different drying conditions. A theoretical model was used to predict the time-dependent behaviour of the composite and reinforced concrete slabs. This approach was able to account for the occurrence of non-uniform shrinkage and comparisons between numerical results and experimental measurements showed good agreement. This work highlights the importance of considering the shrinkage gradient in predicting shrinkage deformations of composite slabs. Further comparisons with experimental results are required to properly validate the adequacy of the proposed approach for its use in routine design.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

Steel-concrete composite slabs represent a very efficient floor solution combining the key performance of two different materials: the steel and the concrete. Composite slab response is governed by the degree of the interaction between these two materials, mainly depending by chemical and mechanical bond. The latter is characterized by a limited degree of confinement if compared with the one of the rebars in reinforced concrete members while the former is remarkably influenced by the type of concrete and the roughness of the profiled surface, frequently lubricated during the cold-forming manufacturing processes. Indeed, owing to the impossibility to guarantee a full interaction between the two materials, a key parameter governing slab design is represented by the horizontal shear-bond strength, which should be always experimentally estimated. According to EC4, the design of the slab bending resistance, is based on the simplified assumption that the decking sheet is totally yielded, i.e., always in plastic range, despite experimental and numerical researches demonstrate that a large part of the steel deck resists in elastic range when longitudinal shear collapse is achieved. In the paper, the limit strain for composite slab, which corresponds to the slip, i.e., the debonding between the two materials, has been appraised by means of a refined numerical method used for the simulation of experimental results obtained on 8 different composite slab types. In total, 71 specimens have been considered, differing for the properties of the materials, cross-section of the trapezoidal profiled metal sheets and specimen lengths.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

As one of the solutions to deal with economic loss caused by traffic congestion in metropolitan area, a deep underground road has been planned and implemented at home and abroad. The part of them has been pushed ahead with a double-deck scheme which has an advantage in constructability and cost efficiency comparing to traditional road tunnel. However, the double-deck tunnel has a lower floor height than the general road tunnel due to the special structure used as the upper and lower lines by installing the middle slab on one excavation section. Therefore, it is relatively weak against fire accidents and ventilation problems occurring in tunnels. Thus study to develop the life safety system optimized to a double-deck tunnel has been systematically carried out in order to overcome their weak point. In this study, automatic monitoring fire extinguisher (AMFE) is developed to suppress a fire and prevent its spread at early stage of tunnel fire, conducting the performance test through vehicle fire tests as verification. The tests were conducted with AMFE being 30 m apart from the vehicle and 10 m apart from engine room. As a results, it was confirmed that AMFE enables to suppress a fire and prevent its spread in both cases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.913-920
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• 2000

The hall and the projection room of the multiplex cinema being constructed on the sixth and seventh floors at Jeonpo-dong market, Pusan, is composed of structural beams and decks considering the structures self weight problem, and the following problems are expected: - Vibration and noise generated on the floors by moving audiences may annoy the audiences in the other hall - Vibration and noise generate on the floor of the nearby hall as the audiences walk through the alley near the projection room - Vibration and noise generate on the floor of the hall nearby the projection room as the film drops This study measured and reviewed the vibration amount of the seven representative transferring routes that were selected for the halls and the alley near the projection room. Based on the analysis, the model hall was constructed and the vibration in the hall was estimated after cutting the deck. Also, this study constructed the steel stairs and investigated the vibration transferring characteristics to decide whether to construct the steel stairs in the building. Finally, the results were evaluated by actually using the stairs and reviewed the appropriateness of the measurement.