• 원예과학기술지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.247-250
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• 1998

국화의 생육단계별 적정 양액농도를 구명하기 위해 국화의 생육단계를 영양생장기 2단계와 생식생장기 1단계, 즉 3단계로 나누어 양액농도를 처리한 결과, 영양 생장기에서는 1배액에서 초장이 가장 길었고, 광합성과 증산량도 가장 높았다. 그러나 엽내 엽록소 농도는 양액의 농도가 높을수록 컸다. 화아형성이후, 생육 (초장, 엽면적, 경경)과 각 기관별 생체중, 건물중에서도 1배액처리구가 좋았으며, 특히 화아형성이후 수돗물 관수에 의해서도 1배액과 비슷하거나 오히려 더 좋게 나타났다. 그리고 수돗물 관주처리에서 개화소요일수가 짧았다. 이와 같은 결과는 양액의 관주 농도가 높을수록 배지내 염류집적으로 식물체가 스트레스를 받은 것으로 사료된다. 국화의 생육단계별로, 초기 활착기까지는 1/2배액으로 한 후 생육이 왕성한 영양생장기에는 1배액으로, 화아형성 이후에는 양액의 농도를 줄이는 것이 국화 양액재배시 비료염의 절약, 개화소요일수 단축, 배지내 비료염 축적의 감소, 지하수 오염의 감소 등 경제적이고 환경친화적인 방법이라고 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.809-814
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• 2004

산성 전해수를 이용하여 콩나물을 생육시켰을 때 콩나물 관련 주요형질들의 반응을 조사하여 콩나물 재배수로 사용 가능성을 검토하였다. 산성전해수로 생육시킨 콩나물은 전체길이,뿌리길이, 하배축 길이 등이 짧아졌고, 하배축의 두께, 콩나물 개체당 무게 등은 늘어 난 것으로 평가되었다. 하배축 횡단면 관찰에서 산성전해수에서 자란 콩나물의 하배축내 세포가 대조구에 비해 커져 하배축의 두께가 두꺼워진 것으로 평가되었으며, 생육일수별 콩나물 주요 특성에서 콩나물 전체길이는 산성전해수에서 자란 콩나물의 전체 길이가 더 짧았으며, 수돗물에서 자란 콩나물은 생육 후 5일째 이후에 급격히 길이 신장을 하였으나 전해수에서 자란 콩나물은 길이 신장은 거의 변화가 없었다. 하배축의 신장은 콩나물 전체길이와 같은 경향을 보였는데 생육 후 5일째에는 품종간 신장의 차이가 관찰되었다. 뿌리 생육 특성은 전해수에서 생육시킨 콩나물은 생육 4일째에서 11일째까지 뿌리 길이의 차이가 없었으나 수돗물에서 생육시킨 콩나물의 뿌리길이는 생육일수가 증가함에 따라 급격하게 신장을 보였다. 하배축의 두께는 산성전해수에서 생육시킨 콩나물이 수돗물에서 생육시킨 콩나물보다 더 두꺼웠는데 생육 후 5일째까지 두께가 증가하다가 생육 후 5일째 이후부터 다소 감소하였으며, 콩나물 자엽의 무게는 산성전해수에서 생육시킨 콩나물의 자엽무게가 생육일수가 증가할수록 현저하게 증가하였으나 수돗물에서 생육시킨 콩나물은 생육 후 7일째까지는 거의 변화를 보이지 않았다. 콩나물의 생체중은 전해수에서 생육시킨 콩나물이 재배 후 7일 까지는 무거웠으나 11일째는 산성전해수와 수돗물에서 자른 콩나물의 생체중이 거의 비슷하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1978

In order to study the growth and survival of enteric pathogens causing water-borne infections in sewage, the filter-sterilized and autoclaved sewages of Dae Gu City were inoculated with Salmonella typhimuriuim, Shigella flexneri 2a, Sh. sonnei I, Vibrio eltor and V. parahaemolyticus, as test series and Escherichia coli as control. After varying periods of incubation up to 15 days at $4^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $25^{\circ}$ and $37^{\circ}C$, viable cells in the inoculated sewages were counted by colony count technique. Distilled water and 0.9% saline were subjected to inoculation of the organisms was observed in the filter-sterilized and autoclaved sewages at $4^{\circ}$ and the sewages became sterile within a few days. At $15^{\circ}$, no growth and rapid inactivation of the organisms in the filter-sterilized sewage and slight or no growth in the autoclaved sewage was noted. Some viable cells were found in the autoclaved sewage after 15 days. A considerable growth was observed in the filter-sterilized and autoclayed sewages, at $25^{\circ}$ and $37^{\circ}$, and large numbers of viable cells were found even after 15days of incubation. In general, the autoclaved sewage supproted the growth more noticeably than the filter-sterilized, except for V.parahaemolyticus which grew well in filter-sterilized sewage. No marked difference was noted between incubations at $25^{\circ}$ and $37^{\circ}$, but V. parahaemolyticus showed a slightly more active growth at $25^{\circ}$ than at $37^{\circ}$. Distilled water inactivated the organisms within a few days, but saline supported the growth at $25^{\circ}$ and $37^{\circ}$. Marked differences were noted in the survival test of sewages pathogens of different origins.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1974

Blood is one of the most important clinical specimens for the isolation of bacteria. A rapid isolation and a high isolation rate of bacteria are very important in blood culture because bacteremic patients are mostly in grave condition. Various blood culture media which support growth of most fastidious bacteria are available commercially. However, growth of bacteria are frequently delayed because of antibacterial activity of blood. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate(Liquoid) has been reported to inactivate the antibacterial substance and disrupt phagocytic cells. The beneficial effect of SPS is well recognized in the isolation of gram-positive bacteria. However, the effect does not seem to be prominent for gram-negative bacilli isolation mainly due to the rapidity of their growth. It has been experienced with Sal. typhi that the growth is much slower than that of other gram-negative bacilli. For the rapid growth of the organism, use of bile broth has been recommended. Although Sal. typhi is the most frequently isolated organism at present, about one half of total isolates are other organisms and, in case bile broth is used, other media which support growth of these organisms should be used together. Fluid thioglycollate medium(FTM) which is always used in blood culture to isolate anaerobes is inferior to brain heart infusion(BHI) for the isolation of aerobes. This study was done to determine the effect of SPS on the isolation of Sal. typhi from blood. During the Sep. 1973 to Sep. 1974 study period, 2460 blood cultures were made from the Severance hospital patients: BHI and FTM sets 1431 specimens, BHI with SPS(0.05%) and FTM sets 396 specimens, BHI and FTM with SPS sets 359 specimens, BHI and BHI with SPS sets 274 specimens. Mean incubation time required for the macroscopic detection of growth of Sal. typhi were 3.5 days on BHI and 2.7 days on BHI with SPS. The 0.8 day difference was statistically significant. On FTM the mean incubation time was 3.8 days while it was 2.9 days on FTM with SPS. The 0.9 day difference was statistically significant. The result on BHI with and without SPS sets showed faster growth on BRI with SPS in 7 specimens and slower growth in one specimen and the remaining 12 showed growth at the same time. These specimens had mean incubation time of 3.2 days on BHI and 2.3 days on BHI with SPS. The 0.9 day difference was statistically significant. This study indicates beneficial effect of SPS for the rapid isolation of Sal. typhi from clinical blood specimens.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 1990

우리나라 참깨 생산성의 저조원인의 하나는 파종기와 생육중의 한발을 들 수 있다. 그러므로 본 연구는 참깨 재배시 한발조건에 따른 생리적 반응이나 주요 형질들이 민감하게 반응하는 시기를 구명한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 한발에 의한 참깨의 고사주는 영양생장기는 한발처리 40일 이후부터 생식생장기는 20일 이후부터 나타났다. 2. 영양생장기보다 생식생장의 한발이 피해가 더 컸다. 3. 모든 유용형질들은 영양생장기는 40일 한발까지, 생식생장기는 30일 한발까지 회복이 가능하였으나 그 이후는 거의 불가능하였다. 4. 한발로 인한 참깨의 수량은 한발일수가 연장됨에 따라 감수폭이 컸으며 영양생장기에는 29-80%, 생식생장기에는 49-85%의 감수폭을 보였다. 5. 한발조건에서 등숙율을 제외한 모든 유용형질들은 수량과 고도의 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 6. 한발로 인한 유분함량은 한발일수가 경과함에 따라 52%에서 42%까지 감수하였으며, 영양생장기 보다 생식생장기에서 더욱 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 지방산조성과는 무관하였다. 7. 이상의 결과 참깨는 한발로 인해 stress를 받으면 생육전반에 걸쳐 계속적인 영향을 받아 유용형질들의 완전회복이 불가능하여 수량감소를 가져온다는 사실이 인정되었다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2008

덴파레 유묘 및 성묘의 온도, 일장, 생장조절제에 의한 생육 및 개화기 촉진을 목적으로 10시간 및 16시간 일장처리는 3월 24일부터 5월 23일까지 하여 생육 및 개화조사를 하였다. 1년생묘(유묘) 덴파레 'Semi alba'를 온도와 일장처리 결과, $30/25^{\circ}C$로 12주 처리시 생육이 가장 빨랐고, 16시간 일장일 때 신초의 생육과 개화가 촉진되었다. 2년생묘 (성묘) 덴파레 'Candistriape ${\times}$ Tedtakiguz'의 일장처리에서는 16시간 일장에서 소화수, 화폭, 경장 등 개화특성에는 차이가 나지 않았으나, 신초에서부터 개화소요일수는 16시간 일장이 216일, 자연일장 241일, 10시간 일장은 243일로, 16시간 일장이 자연일장이나 10시간일장보다 약 25일 빨랐다. 생장조절제처리는 생장과 개화에 뚜렷한 효과가 없었다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.179-189
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• 2020

In order to increase the indoor air purification effect of plants, plants need to be placed on 5-10% of indoor spaces. To increase the density and utilization of plants in indoor spaces, studies on bio-wall, a vertical green wall system, have been recently conducted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of 7 indoor plants introduced to the system and their rooting zones at different irrigation cycles. This study was conducted to investigate a proper irrigation cycle for the continuous maintenance of bio-wall systems. The conditions of their growth environment were maintained as follows: light intensity, 20-50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 PPFD; and temperature, 20 - 25℃. For fertilization, Hyponex diluted with water at the ratio of 1:1,000 was supplied to plants. Irrigation was treated at intervals of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days for 1 hour at a time. As a result, there was no significant difference in the growth of plants between different irrigation cycles. Dieffenbachia 'Marianne' showed a significant decrease in the number of leaves at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In addition, the chlorophyll content was relatively low at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In terms of the color of leaves, a decrease in L value and b value and an increase in a value were observed, resulting in changes in brightness and color. Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata' showed a slightly higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance when it was watered every day and once per 5 days, while Epipremnum aureum showed a relatively higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance at the irrigation cycle of 3 days. In the case of root activity, it was found that the longer irrigation cycle, the higher root activity compared to daily irrigation. The development of roots of Peperomia clusiifolia was promoted by watering at long intervals. However, in the case of Aglaonema 'Siam-Aurora', the total number of roots decreased at the interval of 7 days. In conclusion, a proper irrigation cycle for the sustainable maintenance of vertical bio-wall systems seems to be 3 days.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.718-724
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• 2015

To survey the most feeding frequence of formulated diet as food for cultured puffer in winter season, we performed a rearing test using juveniles of river puffer, Takifugu obscurus (body weight 15.0 g) for 120 days. The feeding frequencies were set up as 2times/1day, 2times/2days, 2times/3days and 2times/4days. We tested triplicately the experiment and investigated survival rate, daily food intake (DFI), feed efficiency (FE), condition factor (CF), daily growth rate (DGR). Consequently, growth was increased following to an increasing of feeding frequency, was the fast in 2times/1day of feeding frequency, and was the slowest in 2times/4days (p<0.05). DFI and CF were increased following to an decreasing of feeding frequency and was the highest in 2times/4days of feeding frequency. FE was decreased following to an decreasing of feeding frequency, and was the highest in 2times/1day of feeding frequency. In a proximate carcass composition at the final day, moisture and crude lipid contents were the lowest in 2times/4days, and in survival, there was not any significant difference among experimental groups. Therefore, we concluded that the 2times/2days are the best of feeding frequency for economical benefit of river puffer culture in winter season.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1358-1362
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of the present study was to compare growth performance of Berkshire purebred pigs (BB), Hereford (HB) and/or Tamworth (TB) sired Berkshire crossbred pigs reared in a hoop structure in two experiments. Methods: In the first experiment, BB was compared to TB while HB and TB were compared in the second. Body weights (BW) were recorded at 3 days of age and every 28 days from birth until 140 days of age. There was no significant difference between the BW of BB and TB, but HB was heavier than TB by 84 days of age. Least square means of average daily gain (ADG) were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean parity (${\pm}$standard deviation) of the sows was $3.42{\pm}2.14$ and a total of 45 farrowing occurred from year 2012 to 2014. The mean number of total born, number born alive, number of mummies, and number weaned were $9.23{\pm}2.52$, $7.87{\pm}2.53$, $0.04{\pm}0.21$, and $5.94{\pm}2.74$, respectively. Parity did not have a significant effect on the growth performance of the pigs. For BB and TB, there was only one time frame in which there was a significant difference in the ADG: between 28 and 56 days of age. For HB and TB, the overall ADG of HB was significantly greater than the total ADG of TB. Conclusion: The breed of the sire did not affect the growth performance of the progeny between Berkshire purebreds and Tamworth${\times}$Berkshire crossbreds. The breed of the sire did have an effect between Hereford and Tamworth sired Berkshire crossbreds (p<0.05). The Hereford sired pigs were found to have increased growth performance compared to Tamworth sired.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1319-1325
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• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of early feed restriction on growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality in unsexed broiler chickens. In Experiment 1, 350 one-day-old broiler chickens were divided into 7 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group and the other six groups were fed 25% ad libitum (25% multiplied by amount of feed intake of ad libitum chickens at the previous day) for 4 or 6 days, 50% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days, and 75% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days. In experiment 2, 500 broiler chickens were divided into 10 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group. Three ages of feed restriction initial timing (2, 4 or 6 days of age) and three types of feed restriction (physical restriction, meal feeding and diet dilution) were used ($3{\times}3$) in both experiments. They were feed-restricted for 6 days. Results showed that restricted broilers exhibited compensatory growth in both experiments except for diet dilution groups. In both experiments, FCR of restricted broilers was higher, whereas feed intake of them was lower during restriction period. FCR of restricted broilers was lower upon refeeding. Mortality was inconsistently affected by early feed restriction. Leg abnormality was lower in restricted broilers in both experiments. Level of feed restriction significantly influenced body weight, FCR and feed intake of restricted broilers (p<0.05), but duration of feed restriction had no effect. Type of restriction significantly affected body weight, feed intake and FCR (p<0.05). It appeared that to achieve the best result (complete compensatory growth and better FCR), broilers should be restricted at 25% ad libitum for 6 days (Experiment 1). Meal feeding started at 2 days of age would show the best performance (Experiment 2).