• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.766-779
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burden on families who live with an elderly person suffering from senile dementia, and the degree of their depression. There were 400 participants in this study, staying in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas from August 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Among the group, 100 participants took care of their patient at home, and another 300 participants left 100 patient at a day-care center, 100 sanatorium for senile dementia(asylum for helpless elderly people), 100 an infirmary for elderly people. Eventually 242 subjects out of the 400 were selected for the data analysis. The Zarit (1980) tool was employed to measure the degree of burden and Zung's(1965) “Self-Rating Depression Scale” was employed for the data analysis. The data was analyzed, and the percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Person's Correlation Coefficient were calculated. The results are as follows : 1. The average degree of burden that care-giving families felt was 49.13, which is somewhat high. 2. The average degree of depression that care -giving families felt was 51.95, which is relatively high. 3. The degree of burden was directly affected by the relation with the patient(F＝2.48, P＜.05), and the socio-economic status of the family(F＝5.17, P＜.05). Its also affected by the patient's educational status(F＝2.17, P＜.05). 4. The degree of depression of the family was significantly dependent on sex(t＝-2.05, P＜.05), age (F＝2.99, P＜.05), the relationship with the patient(F＝3.65, P＜.01), socio-economic status (F＝7.74, P＜.001), occupation(t＝2.82, P＜.01), health status(F＝4.42, P＜.01), and the place of residence(F＝4.30, P＜.01), The patient characteristics was significantly dependent on his/her educational status(F＝3.85, P＜.01), the period of suffering from senile dementia(F＝2.47, P＜.05), and smoking habit(F＝6.17, P＜.001). 5. The relationship between the degree of burden and that of depression reads r＝0.43, which is statistically positive correlation in the high significant level. Upon analyzing the entire summation, most care-givers for elderly patients suffering from senile dementia lack time in caring for themselves. They also experience chronic fatigue and mental discomfort caused by the isolation from society, curtailment of certain activities, a sense of responsibility for their patients, and limits of their endurance in taking care of their patients over time. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity for the following propositions : 1. In order to measure the degree of burden that Korean care-giving families undergo, a new tool must be developed on the basis of Korean culture. 2. An educational program based on the demands that care-giving families undergo must be developed, and its clinical effect also has to be examined.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2010

Objective : The study area in July 2009 Jeonbuk Obstetrics 172 people visited the patient's oral health care for expectant mothers who need to learn studied. Dental office understands the importance in the oral health of pregnant women, maintain oral health education to promote oral health and dental hygienist, used as basic data to suggest the direction of the business is. Methods: For data analysis SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science Version 12.0) program by using the analysis obtained the following conclusions; Results : 1. 3-29 from 25-year-old pregnant woman with morning sickness is usually the most reported high was 62.3%, severe 22.6%, 13.2% have had appeared in order, the difference was statistically significant. 2. The number of children and experience during pregnancy due to oral symptoms were all statistically significant differences. 3. The oral administration to pregnant women about the experience of education 13.4% had never received an answer was education, maternal age and under the number of children oral administration of the educational experience in ways that showed a statistically significant difference. 4. Last three months of pregnancy is three months pregnant 19.8% were used for dental medical. And, by visiting the regular removal of plaque by 44.1 percent showed the highest was found next to regular dental check-38.2. 5. The oral health of expectant mothers during pregnancy and conduct a 1-day average number of TBI was highest for the 3 CRC was estimated as 54.7%. And oral hygiene products that include oral solution, 21.5% in ferns were the most highly. Conclusions: In this study, promote and maintain oral health of pregnant women for the systematic development of educational programs, and maternal oral health status of individuals and the cognitive, oral administration to carry the program continued efforts were needed recommendations.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 국내 산모의 출산 택일 경험을 총체적이고 심층적으로 탐구하여 출산 택일과 관련된 체험의 본질과 의미를 파악하고자 하기 위함이다. 연구자들은 출산 시 원하는 날짜를 정하여 출산한 여성 4명을 만나 일대일 심층 면담을 수행하였다. 수집된 자료는 van Manen (2000)의 현상학적 분석방법과 절차에 따라 분석하였다. 연구 결과로 4개의 본질적 주제가 나타났으며, "아이에게 처음 주는 선물", "한 아이를 위한 주변의 합작품", "아이의 청사진과 같은 택일", "이러나 저러나 복잡한 마음"이 도출되었다. 본 연구 결과, 출산 택일을 하는 여성의 경험과 의미를 파악할 수 있었다. 산모의 출산 택일을 이해하고, 이는 산모와 태아의 안녕을 위한 방안을 마련하는 데 도움이 될 것이라 사료된다. 추후 여성의 산전 관리 시 충분한 상담과 교육으로 적절한 분만 방법을 선택할 수 있도록 안내하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.584-596
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• 1994

The objective of the study is to explore the relationships between the variables of nursing productivity on the framework of system del in the tertiary university based care hospital in Korea. Productivity is basically defined as the relation-ship between inputs and outputs. Under the proposition that the nursing unit is a system that produces nursing care output using personal and material resources through the nursing intervention and nursing care management. And this major conception of nursing productivity system comproises input, process and output and feed-back. These categorized variables are essential parts to produce desirable and meaningful out-put. While nursing personnel from head nurse to staff nurses cooperate with each other, the head nurse directs her subordinates to achieve the goal of nursing care unit. In this procedure, the head nurse uses the leadership of authority and benevolence. Meantime nursing productivity will be greatly influenced by environment and surrounding organizational structures, and by also the operational objectives, the policy and standards of procedures. For the study of nursing productivity one sample hospital with 15 general nursing care units was selected. Research data were collected for 3 weeks from May 31 to June 20 in 1993. Input variables were measured in terms of both the served and the server. And patient classification scores were measured drily by degree of nursing care needs that indicated patent case-mix. And also nurses' educational period for profession and clinical experience and the score of nurses' personality were measured as producer input variables by the questionnaires. The process varialbes act necessarily on leading input resources and result in desirable nursing outputs. Thus the head nurse's leadership perceived by her followers is defined as process variable. The output variables were defined as length of stay, average nursing care hours per patient a day the score of quality of nursing care, the score of patient satisfaction, the score of nurse's job satis-faction. The nursing unit was the basis of analysis, and various statistical analyses were used : Reliability analysis(Cronbach's alpha) for 5 measurement tools and Pearson-correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis for the test of the relationship among the variables. The results were as follows : 1. Significant positive relationship between the score of patient classification and length of stay was found(r=.6095, p.008). 2. Regression coefficient between the score of patient classification and length of stay was significant (β=.6245, p=.0128), and variance explained was 39%. 3. Significant positive relationship between nurses’ educational period and length of stay was found(r=-.4546, p=.044). 5. Regression coefficient between nurses' educational period and the score of quality of nursing care was significant (β=.5600, p=.029), and variance explained was 31.4%. 6. Significant positive relationship between the score of head nurse's leadership of authoritic characteristics and the length of stay was found (r=.5869, p=.011). 7. Significant negative relationship between the score of head nurse's leadership of benevolent characteristics and average nursing care hours was found(r=-.4578, p=.043). 8. Regression coefficient between the score of head nurse's leadership of benevolent characteristics and average nursing care hours was significant(β=-.6912, p=.0043), variance explained was 47.8%. 9. Significant positive relationship between the score of the head nurse's leadership of benevolent characteristics and the score of nurses' job satis-faction was found(r=.4499, p=050). 10. A significant canonical correlation was found between the group of the independent variables consisted of the score of the nurses' personality, the score of the head nurse's leadership of authoritic characteristics and the group of the dependent variables consisted of the length of stay, average nursing care hours(Rc²=.4771, p=.041). Through these results, the assumed relationships between input variables, process variable, output variables were partly supported. In addition it is also considered necessary that-further study on the relationships between nurses' personality and nurses' educational period, between nurses' clinical experience including skill level and output variables in many research samples should be made.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2009

The survival of Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants has been improved with the advancement of neonatal intensive care. However, the incidence of accompanying gastrointestinal complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis has also been increasing. In intestinal perforation of the newborn, enterostomy with or without intestinal resection is a common practice, but there is no clear indication when to close the enterostomy. To determine the proper timing of enterostomy closure, the medical records of 12 VLBW infants who underwent enterostomy due to intestinal perforation between Jan. 2004 and Jul. 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Enterostomy was closed when patients were weaned from ventilator, incubator-out and gaining adequate body weight. Pre-operative distal loop contrast radiographs were obtained to confirm the distal passage and complete removal of the contrast media within 24-hours. Until patients reached oral intake, all patients received central-alimentation. The mean gestational age of patients was $26^{+2}$ wks ($24^{+1}{\sim}33^{+0}$ wks) and the mean birth weight was 827 g (490~1450 g). The mean age and the mean body weight at the time of enterostomy formation were 15days (6~38 days) and 888 g (590~1870 g). The mean body weight gain was 18 g/day (14~25 g/day) with enterostomy. Enterostomy closure was performed on the average of 90days (30~123 days) after enterostomy formation. The mean age and the mean body weight were 105 days (43~136 days) and 2487 g (2290~2970 g) at the time of enterostomy closure. The mean body weight gain was 22 g/day after enterostomy closure. Major complications were not observed. In conclusion, the growth in VLBW infants having enterostomy was possible while supporting nutrition with central-alimentation and the enterostomy can be closed safely when the patient's body weights is more than 2.3 kg.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.25-43
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the periodontal care of dental clinic patients. The subjects in this study were 213 patients who visited four different dental clinics in the region of Geoje. After a survey was conducted, the following findings were given: 1. In regard to the prevention of periodontal diseases, 52.1 percent of the patients investigated received treatment at a dental clinic when their gums were swollen or bleeding, and the way they responded to their swollen or bleeding gums was significantly different according to age, occupation(p<.01) and academic credential(p<.001). 31.0 percent got their teeth scaled to take care of their gums, and how to take care of the gums differed significantly with age, occupation, academic background(p<.001) and monthly income(p<.01). As to yearly preventive treatment frequency for periodontal diseases, 22.5 percent received treatment to prevent any possible periodontal diseases once a year, and age, educational background(p<.01) and occupation(p<.05) made a significant difference to that. By occupation, the company employees received more preventive treatment. As many as 66.7 percent intended to receive education on the prevention of periodontal diseases if there would be any chance, and gender and age(p<.001) made a significant differences to that. 2. As for oral health care habits, 52.1 percent brushed their teeth in a mixed way, up and down and right and left, and the women did that up and down more than the men. Those who were in their 30s did toothbrushing in the mixed way the most, and gender(p<.05), age(p<.05) and academic credential(p<.001) made a significant difference to that. Concerning daily mean toothbrushing frequency, 43.7 percent did that three times a day, and the women who did that three times outnumbered the men who did. The daily mean toothbrushing frequency varied significantly with gender(p<.01). By occupation and education, the professionals and better educated patients were significantly different from the others in that regard(p<.01). As to the use of an interdental brush, 57.3 percent had ever used it, and those who were better educated, who had a larger monthly income(p<01) and who were professionals(p<.001) were significantly different from their counterparts in that aspect. As to scaling experience, as many as 68.5 percent had ever had their teeth scaled, and those who were in their 30s had done that the most. Age made a significant difference to that(p<.01), and the professionals, larger income earners and better educated patients were significantly different from their counterparts in that regard(p<.001). The findings of the study justified the necessity and importance of periodontal care, and the prevention of periodontal diseases, regular dental checkup and the development of oral health education programs were required.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.519-527
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• 2017

본 연구는 어린 시절 부모와 헤어져 시설에 맡겨진 채 시설보호 양육을 받으며 성장한 부부가 자녀를 낳고 부모가 되어 자녀를 양육하는 경험을 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 같은 시설에서 성장한 후 결혼한 부부를 연구 참여자로 선정하여 남편과 아내를 각각 심층 인터뷰하였다. 연구 방법은 질적 사례연구방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 '지독한 외로움의 보상으로 꾸린 가족', '준비 없이 시작된 출산 그리고 자녀 양육의 늪', '마주한 실체 그리고 후회와 반성', '그래도 부모라는 책임감으로 다시 얻은 용기'와 같이 도출하였다. 어린 시절 아동양육시설에서 자란 부부는 혼자라는 지독한 외로움을 벗어나기 위해 아무런 준비 없이 막연한 환상을 갖고 결혼을 하였다. 결혼이 그랬듯 자녀 출산 또한 계획 없이 생기는 대로 낳았다. 그러나 막상 어떠한 정보나 교육 없이 부딪히게 되는 자녀 양육은 어렵고 점점 지쳐만 갔다. 그러다 아이를 어린이집에 보내면서 자신의 부정적인 모습을 똑 닮은 자녀의 실체를 마주하고 뒤늦은 후회와 반성을 하게 된다. 부부는 비록 자신들은 부모의 양육을 받고 자라지 못했지만, 부모로서의 책임감을 깊게 느끼고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 시설에서 성장한 부부의 자녀양육을 돕기 위한 사회복지적 개입방안을 제언하였다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.513-518
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• 2009

본 연구는 청주시 소재 실업계 남자고등학교 2학년 학생 281명을 대상으로 고등학교 남학생의 흡연과 치은염과의 관련성을 알아보고자 설문조사와 구강검사를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 본 연구는 대상자의 흡연 경험률은 59.4였으며, 현재 흡연율은 41.3%로 나타났다. 학생들의 평균 치은염이환율은 61.5%, 그 중 흡연 경험이 있는 학생이 44.8%였다. 평균 치은염지수는 $0.20{\pm}0.27$로 그 중 흡연 경험 있는 학생이 $0.29{\pm}0.31$로 나타났다. 2. 흡연경험이 있는 경우 치은염을 가지고 있는 확률이 높았고 (p = 0.000), 음주경험이 있을수록 치은염 이환율이 높았다(p = 0.010). 3. 음주경험, 구강보건교육경험, 최근 1년 동안 치과내원 유무, 치석제거경험, 칫솔질 횟수를 통제한 다변량 분석에서 치은염 이환의 경우 비흡연군에 비해 흡연 경험군이 5.5배(p = 0.000)로 높았다. 하루 흡연량이 6개비 이상인 경우 비흡연군에 비해 8.4배(p = 0.000)로 높았다. 흡연 기간이 25개월 이상인 경우 비흡연군에 비해 13.2배(p = 0.000)로 높았다. 4. 치은염지수의 결정요인분석에서 흡연기간과 치석제거 경험이 높은 관련성을 보였고, 36.2%의 설명력을 보였다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과 남자고등학생들의 흡연은 치은염의 영향력을 보였다. 청소년기는 학동기에 이어 영구치의 치아우식이 계속 진행되는 연령이며 치주질환이 시작되는 시기이다. 그러므로 금연으로 구강상태를 조절할 수 있도록 동기 유발과 구강교육이 이루어지도록 청소년 구강보건 향상에 주력해야 할 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.615-627
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• 2011

Objectives : The study has three aims: 1) to assess the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of dental hygiene students and other college students towards oral and dental care, 2) to provide grounds for developing an oral and dental health educational program, and 3) to improve the oral and dental health status among the college student population. Methods : The subjects in this study were 520 students who included dental hygiene students from J health college and other majors from a four-year university located in Seoul. The survey was conducted from September, 2010, to June 3, 2011. The collected 507 questionnaires were analyzed. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 12.0, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results : 1. As for a daily toothbrushing frequency, the largest number of the students brushed their teeth three times a day, and the dental hygiene students did that more often than the other majors(p<0.001). Concerning awareness of the toothbrushing method and the time for the change of the toothbrush, the rolling method was more prevailing among the dental hygiene students than the others(p<0.001). 2. In regard to education experience about the toothbrushing method and satisfaction with the existing toothbrushing method, 64.7% of respondents ever received education about the toothbrushing method(p<0.001). 3. As to scaling experience and gingival bleeding, the dental hygiene students had more scaling experiences(p<0.001), and the other majors who underwent gingival bleeding from time to time outnumbered the dental hygiene students who did(p<0.01). 4. In relation to subjective oral health status, the dental hygiene students found themselves to be in better oral health than the other majors(p<0.001), and the latter had more parts of the mouth in which they didn't feel well than the former(p<0.01). The dental hygiene students were more concerned about their oral health(p<0.001) and felt more uncomfortable in chewing(p<0.05). The other majors felt more uncomfortable in pronunciation(p<0.01). Conclusions : The results of this study indicated that dental hygiene students strongly recognized the importance of knowledge, motivation, and self-care behaviors, and attitudes towards oral health and dental care compared to other college students. It suggested that regular educational programs for the college student population should be implemented to increase their concern for oral and dental issues and to improve their oral and dental health status.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.2545-2550
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• 2009

본 연구는 화성에 소재한 K자동차 근로자 220명과 부평에 소재한 D자동차 근로자 180명을 대상으로 구강건강관리행태 및 인식에 대한 조사.분석한 결과 아래와 같다. 잇솔질 횟수 조사 결과 하루에 잇솔질을 3회 하는 근로자는 44.0%로 가장 많았으며, 흡연 여부에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다($x^2$=19.00, p<.01). 근로자들의 구강위생용품 사용 유무 조사 결과 구강위생용품을 사용하는 근로자가 41.3%으며, 성별에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다($x^2$=9.20, pp<.01). 근로자들이 치석제거를 한 경험이 있는지 조사한 결과 치석 제거를 두 번 이상 한 근로자가 37.3%로 가장 많았으며, 성별($x^2$=8.60, p<.05), 연령($x^2$=20.07, p<.01), 학력($x^2$=11.88, p<.01), 전신질환 유무별로 유의한 차이를 보였다.($x^2$=8.19, p<.05). 근로자들의 구강 내 질환 조사 결과 치아가 썩은 근로자는 27.8%로 가장 많았으며, 성별로는 남성에 비해 여성이 치아가 썩었거나 잇몸이 부었다고 조사되었으며, 유의한 차이를 보였다($x^2$=13.65, p<.05).