• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

Calibration and Validation are major element of any space borne Earth Observation Mission. These activities are the major objective of the commissioning phases but routine activities shall be maintained during the whole mission in order to maintain the quality of the product delivered to the users or at least to fully characterise the evolution with time of the product quality. With the launch of ERS-l in 1991, the European Space Agency decided to put in place a group dedicated to these activities, along with the daily monitoring of the product quality for anomaly detection and algorithm evolution. These four elements are all strongly linked together. Today this group is fully responsible for the monitoring of two ESA missions, ERS-2 and Envisat, for a total of 12 instruments of various types, preparing itself for the Earth Explorer series of five. other satellites (Cryosat, Goce, SMOS, ADM-Aeolus, Swarm) and at various levels in past and future Third Party Missions such as Landsat, J-ERS, ALOS and KOMPSAT. The Joint proposal by the European Union and the European Space Agency for a 'Global Monitoring for Environment and Security' project (GMES), triggers a review of the scope of these activities in a much wider framework than the handling of single missions with specific tools, methods and activities. Because of the global objective of this proposal, it is necessary to put in place Multi-Mission Calibration and Validation systems and procedures. GMES Calibration and Validation activities will rely on multi source data access, interoperability, long-term data preservation, and definition standards to facilitate the above objectives. The scope of this presentation is to give an overview of the current Calibration and Validation activities at ESA, and the planned evolution in the context of GMES.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.831-842
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• 2022

Purpose: This study carried out the Quality by Design (QbD)6σ process to verify the effectiveness and equivalence of the finished D-antigen quantitative test method, and compared the OFAT-based method validation and test result acceptance criteria with the Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD)-based method validation and test method. This is a study on how to reduce the risk of delay in permit change by increasing the reliability of permit data in the existing method by statistically analyzing the results. Methods: With the QbD6σ process, the effectiveness and equivalence of the D-antigen quantitative test method were verified with the data of the existing test method and the new test method. Results: Method validation tests are performed based on AQbD. Critical Method Parameters are identified through risk assessment, and single/combined actions are verified by designing and performing tests for Critical Method Parameters (analysis of variance, full factorial design method). Method validation can be effectively accomplished with the QbD6σ process. Conclusion: The use of QbD6σ can be used to achieve satisfactory results for both pharmaceutical companies and regulators by using appropriate statistical analytical methods for method validation as required by regulatory agencies.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2004년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.195-198
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• 2004

One Important problem in a cancer microarray study is to identify a set of genes from which a molecular prognostic indicator can be developed. In parallel with this problem is to validate the chosen set of genes. We develop in this note a K-fold cross validation procedure by combining a 'pre-validation' technique and a bootstrap resampling procedure in the Cox regression . The pre-validation technique predicts the microarray predictor of a case without having seen the true class level of the case. It was suggested by Tibshirani and Efron (2002) to avoid the possible over-fitting in the regression in which a microarray based predictor is employed. The bootstrap resampling procedure for the Cox regression was proposed by Sauerbrei and Schumacher (1992) as a means of overcoming the instability of a stepwise selection procedure. We apply this K-fold cross validation to the microarray data of 92 gastric cancers of which the experiment was conducted at Cancer Metastasis Research Center, Yonsei University. We also share some of our experience on the 'false positive' result due to the information leak.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

FAA AC120-40B Level D flight dynamics model for T-50 Full Mission Trainer was successfully developed. Since AC120-40B Level D requires the quantitative validation tests for simulation model compared with flight test data, T-50 flight test data for each validation test item was gathered, and also automatic test environments which include AFT (Automatic Fidelity Tester) and STA (Simulation Test Analyzer) were developed. The final test results after the iterative test-tuning processes were all within the tolerances specified in AC120-40B Level D. Qualification Test Guide, QTG contains the detail test processes and results.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to development and validation of the 'course evaluation' scale for learner-centered in university. The research collected preliminary data from 1,567 university students's responses for item and scale quality analyses, and collected 2,539 university students's for item and scale quality analyses, and 300 university professors's responses for validation. Data were analyzed to obtain item quality, reliability, and validity analysis. The results of the study were as follows; The 'course evaluation' scale for learner-centered in university was defined by 5 factors. The 5 factors were structure and sincerity of lecture, suitability of report and test, level of consulting for student, application of educational media, communication. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed five sub-scales in the 'course evaluation' scale for learner-centered in university scale. Criterion-related validity evidence was obtained from the correlation analysis as the criterion measures. Cross validity evidence was obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis in university professors.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2009

신용평가모형에서 두 집단의 판별력 검정방법 중의 하나로 두 분포함수의 동일성 검정을 위한 비모수적인 Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) 검정방법이 대표적으로 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신용평가모형에서 두 분포함수의 동일성 검정을 위하여 K-S 검정 방법 외에 Cramer-Von Mises, Anderson-Darling, Watson 검정방법들을 소개하고 Joseph (2005)의 기준에 대응하는 판단기준을 제안한다. 또한 신용평가 자료와 유사한 상황 하에서의 모의실험을 통해서 불량률, 표본크기 그리고 제II종 오류율을 고려한 대안적인 판단기준을 제시하고 그 적용방법에 대해서 살펴본다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.352-361
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• 2003

We have evaluated the extent of saltwater intrusion from electrical resistivity distribution in a coastal aquifer system in the southeastern part of Busan, Korea. This aquifer system is divided into four layers according to the hydrogeologic characteristics and the horizontal extent of intruded saltwater is determined at each layer through the geostatistical interpretation of electrical resistivity data. In order to define the statistical structure of electrical resistivity data, variogram analysis is carried out to obtain best generalized covariance models. IRF-k (intrinsic random function of order k) kriging is performed with covariance models to produce the plane of spatial mean resistivities. The kriged estimates are evaluated by cross validation to show a good agreement with the true values and the statistics of cross validation represented low errors for the estimates. In the resistivity contour maps more than 5 m below the surface, we can see a dominant direction of saltwater intrusion beginning from the east side. The area of saltwater intrusion increases with depth. The northeast side has low resistivities less than 5 ohm-m due to the presence of saline water in the depth range of 20 m through 70 m. These results show that the application of geostatistical technique to electrical resistivity data is useful for assessing saltwater intrusion in a coastal aquifer system.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely applied in various field, since it is nondestructive and no sample preparation is required. In this paper, NIR spectroscopy was used for the determination of naproxen in a commercial pharmaceutical preparation. NIR spectroscopy was used to determine the content of naproxen in intact naproxen tablets containing 250 mg ($65.8\%$ nominal concentration) by collecting NIR spectra in the range of $1100{\sim}1750nm$. The laboratory-made samples had $46.1{\sim}85.5\%$ nominal naproxen concentration. The measurements were made by reflection using a fiber-optic probe and calibration was carried out by partial least square regression (PLSR). Model validation was performed by randomly splitting the data set into calibration and validation data set (63 samples as a calibration data set and 42 samples as a validation data set). The developed NIR calibration gave results comparable to the known values of tablets in a laboratorial manufacturing process with standard error of calibration (SEC) and standard error of prediction (SEP) of $1.06\%\;and\;1.04\%$, respectively. The NIR method showed good accuracy and repeatability. NIR spectroscopic determination in intact tablets allowed the potential use of real time monitoring for a running production process.

• Healthcare Informatics Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2018

Objectives: Due to the uncontrolled increase of the mobile health applications and their scarce use by elderly for reason of absence credibility of measurements by lack scientific support, the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between the biophysical measurements based on standard instrument against a mobile application using controlled experiments with elderly to propose an effective validation model of the developed apps. Methods: The subjects of the study (50 people) were elderly people who wanted to check their weight and cardiac status. For this purpose, two mobile applications were used to measure energy expenditure based on physical activity (Activ) and heart rate (SMCa) during controlled walking at specific speeds. Minute-by-minute measurements were recorded to evaluate the average error and the accuracy of the data acquired through confidence intervals by means of statistical analysis of the data. Results: The experimental results obtained by the Activ/SMCa apps showed a consistent statistical similarity with those obtained by specialized equipment with confidence intervals of 95%. All the subjects were advised and trained on the use of the applications, and the initial registration of data to characterize them served to significantly affect the perceived ease of use. Conclusions: This is the first model to validate a health-app with elderly people allowed to demonstrate the anthropometric and body movement differences of subjects with equal body mass index (BMI) but younger. Future studies should consider not only BMI data but also other variables, such as age and usability perception factors.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.878-888
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• 2020

This paper presents the validation of UNIST in-house Monte Carlo code MCS used for the high-fidelity simulation of commercial pressurized water reactors (PWRs). Its focus is on the accurate, spatially detailed neutronic analyses of startup physics tests for the initial core of the Watts Bar Nuclear 1 reactor, which is a vital step in evaluating core phenomena in an operating nuclear power reactor. The MCS solutions for the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA) core physics benchmark progression problems 1 to 5 were verified with KENO-VI and Serpent 2 solutions for geometries ranging from a single-pin cell to a full core. MCS was also validated by comparing with results of reactor zero-power physics tests in a full-core simulation. MCS exhibits an excellent consistency against the measured data with a bias of ±3 pcm at the initial criticality whole-core problem. Furthermore, MCS solutions for rod worth are consistent with measured data, and reasonable agreement is obtained for the isothermal temperature coefficient and soluble boron worth. This favorable comparison with measured parameters exhibited by MCS continues to broaden its validation basis. These results provide confidence in MCS's capability in high-fidelity calculations for practical PWR cores.