• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The track systems installed in Korea railway consist of two types on ballasted track or ballastless track. In this study, it was compared with difference of the behaviors at roadbed with cyclic loading through full scale model test. From the results of model tests, loading distribution ratio of the concrete slab track become more widely distributed than ballasted track, and loading distribution ratio at concrete track was about 30:20:15. The concrete slab track is likely to behavior of the rigid plate, while ballasted track is such as flexible pavement. The vertical stresses of upper roadbed with traffic cyclic loading in concrete track were measured about 30 kPa or less. It was a scene very similar to the results of the field train running test. The vertical stress at concrete track was occurred approximately 4 times smaller than ballasted track. Also, the soil velocities with cyclic loading at the slab track were occurred about 0.3 cm/sec or less, its 8 times smaller than ballasted track.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.25-31
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• 2022

Unlike structures installed on land, the structures installed on the offshore ground must consider long-term cyclic loads such as wave loads, wind loads and tidal loads at sea. Therefore, it is important to analyze the behavior of the ground subjected to long-term cyclic loads in order to design a structure installed on the ocean ground. In this paper, cyclic simple shear tests were performed to analyze the ground behavior for long-term cyclic loads according to the confining pressure, and a three-dimensional design failure curve was prepared that can easily check the failure characteristics according to the confining pressure. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the position of the design failure curve is different depending on the confining pressure even under the same conditions of the cyclic shear stress ratio and the average shear stress ratio, and the number of cyclic loads reaching failure is affected by the confining pressure. From the created 3-D design failure curve under different confining pressure, the tendency and approximate value of the design failure curve according to the confining pressure can be estimated.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2006

A half-scaled large test model for the main components of the real annular structure was built and the thermal behaviors were experimented and obtained by thermal cyclic loads. The model design and the test conditions for the thermal loads were determined to take into consideration the thermal and mechanical loads acting on the real annular structure by finite element analyses. Temperature profiles and strains of the main components of the model were measured at an early stage of the test and periodically throughout the test in the given test conditions. After completion of the thermal cyclic tests, no evidence of crack initiation and propagation were identified by a dye penetration test. The measured strains at the critical parts were slightly increased proportionally with the increase in the number of the thermal cycles.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.347-355
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• 2001

Let ($X, \omega$) be a closed symplectic 4-manifold. Let a finite cyclic group G act semifreely, holomorphically on X as isometries with fixed point set $\Sigma$(may be empty) which is a 2-dimension submanifold. Then there is a smooth structure on the quotient X'=X/G such that the projection $\pi$:X$\rightarrow$X' is a Lipschitz map. Let L$\rightarrow$X be the Spin$^c$ -structure on X pulled back from a Spin$^c$-structure L'$\rightarrow$X' and b_2^$+(X')>1. If the Seiberg-Witten invariant SW(L')$\neq$0 of L' is non-zero and $L=E\bigotimesK^-1\bigotimesE$ then there is a G-invariant pseudo-holomorphic curve u:$C\rightarrowX$,/TEX> such that the image u(C) represents the fundamental class of the Poincare dual $c_1$(E). This is an equivariant version of the Taubes' Theorem.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.421-428
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• 2004

Various type of welded joints of the ship structure have been examined numerically and experimentally under bending and tensional cyclic constant-amplitude loading. Cyclic loading on structures can produce failures not readily predicted by conventional static analysis. The aim of a benchmark study is achieved with a generalization of the reference stress concept. Also different methods and procedures exist for the computation of the welded structure hot-spot stress a welded joints. These are either based on the extrapolation of stresses at certain reference points on the plate surface (or edge) close to the weld toe-as known from experimental investigations- or on the linearization of stresses in the through-thickness direction. In the present paper, the different methods are reviewed and applied to four different details in order to compare the methods with each other and to illustrate the differences.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.555-581
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• 2018

The moment-resistant steel frames are frequently used as a load-bearing structure of buildings. Global response of a moment-resistant frame structure strongly depends on connections behavior, which can significantly influence the response and load-bearing capacity of a steel frame structure. The analysis of a steel frame with included joints behavior is the main focus of this work. In particular, we analyze the behavior of two connection types through experimental tests, and we propose numerical beam model capable of representing connection behavior. The six experimental tests, under monotonic and cyclic loading, are performed for two different types of structural connections: end plate connection with an extended plate and end plate connection. The proposed damage-plasticity model of Reissner beam is able to capture both hardening and softening response under monotonic and cyclic loading. This model has 18 constitutive parameters, whose identification requires an elaborate procedure, which we illustrate in this work. We also present appropriate loading program and arrangement of measuring equipment, which is crucial for successful identification of constitutive parameters. Finally, throughout several practical examples, we illustrate that the steel structure connections are very important for correct prediction of the global steel frame structure response.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.243-250
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• 2009

When a steel sheet pipe applied to marine environment, an anti-corrosive coating should be treated to obtain long-term life-time for steels, especially, splash zone. Although anti-corrosive property of coatings is required to be tested in real marine environment, it is difficult because of long test time such as 20 years or more time. Therefore, we used cyclic corrosion tester in a laboratory, which has similar conditions with salt-dry-wet process such as real marine environment. Anti-corrosive properties of the coatings and two steels were tested their anti-corrosive properties under cyclic corrosion test conditions(KS D ISO 14993) and the results were compared with estimate life-time in real marine environment. According to cyclic corrosion test, accelerated corrosive factor of each anti-corrosive coating was investigated accelerated corrosive factor from impedance with EIS method. Accelerated corrosive factor of type SS400 carbon steel and A690 was also investigated their accelerated corrosive factor from the regression curves of weigh loss results. One of the anti-corrosive coatings showed about 50 years life-time compared with standard sample life-time. Carbon steel SS400 showed from 0.1 mm/yr to 0.06 mm/yr as its corrosion rate.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.571-595
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• 2021

In this paper we study the algebraic structure of ℤ_pℤ_p[u]/k>-cyclic codes, where u^k = 0 and p is a prime. A ℤ_pℤ_p[u]/k>-linear code of length (r + s) is an R_k-submodule of ℤ^r_p × R^s_k with respect to a suitable scalar multiplication, where R_k = ℤ_p[u]/k>. Such a code can also be viewed as an R_k-submodule of ℤ_p[x]/r - 1> × R_k[x]/s - 1>. A new Gray map has been defined on ℤ_p[u]/k>. We have considered two cases for studying the algebraic structure of ℤ_pℤ_p[u]/k>-cyclic codes, and determined the generator polynomials and minimal spanning sets of these codes in both the cases. In the first case, we have considered (r, p) = 1 and (s, p) ≠ 1, and in the second case we consider (r, p) = 1 and (s, p) = 1. We have established the MacWilliams identity for complete weight enumerators of ℤ_pℤ_p[u]/k>-linear codes. Examples have been given to construct ℤ_pℤ_p[u]/k>-cyclic codes, through which we get codes over ℤ_p using the Gray map. Some optimal p-ary codes have been obtained in this way. An example has also been given to illustrate the use of MacWilliams identity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.629-634
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• 2000

Comparing with single structure constructed with reinforced concrete or steel, composite structures have a great advantage. However, in case of nuclear power structure, the application of a conventional single structure (reinforced concrete or steel structure) inflicts a heavy loss on a economical and constructive efficiency. But, the application of composite slab to nuclear power structure could compensate these deficiency. Therefore, in this study, the structural behavior of composite slab in nuclear power structure is observed to assure economical and constructive efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.328-328
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• 2002