• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.281-291
• /
• 2023

Due to the fact that the nonlinear low-velocity impact response of graphene platelets reinforced metal foams (GPLRMF) doubly curved shells have not been investigated in the existing works, this paper aims to solve this issue. Using Reddy's high-order shear deformation theory (HSDT), the nonlinear governing equations of GPLRMF doubly curved shells are obtained by Euler-Lagrange method, discretized by Galerkin principle, and solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to obtain the impact force and central deflection. The nonlinear Hertz contact law is applied to determine the contact force. Finally, the impacts of graphene platelets (GPLs) distribution pattern, porosity distribution form, porosity coefficient, damping coefficient, impact parameters (radius and initial velocity), GPLs weight fraction, pre-stressing force and different shell types on the low-velocity impact curves are analyzed. It can be found that, among the four shell structures, the impact resistance of spherical shell is the best, while that of cylindrical shell is the worst.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2002

In this study a 3-dimensional analytical model is developed, which can analyses dynamic responses of curved bridges subject to moving vehicles. A 5-axle semi-trailer is modeled to simulate the actual tire forces that are redistributed by vehicle rolling effect due to the centrifugal force. The 1-span curved bridge with two steel box girders is modeled using the frame elements. The dynamic response characteristics of curved box girder bridges are examined and compared for two different support conditions. One is the case that two shoes are arranged at the outer sides of box girders with larger space between the two shoes and the other is that two shoes at the center of each box girder. In the curved bridges, the dynamic effect of moving vehicles influences the reaction force much more than other responses, such as displacement or stress, especially the upward reaction of inner-radius shoes. It is more advantageous for the reaction considering dynamic effect when shoes are arranged further at the outer sides of box girders than when shoes at the center of each box. The shoes for curved bridges with two-box girder system should be arranged to have larger distance.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.195-208
• /
• 2019

Based on a four-variable shear deformation shell theory, the free vibration analysis of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite (FGGPRC) doubly-curved shallow shells with different boundary conditions is investigated in this work. The doubly-curved shells are composed of multi nanocomposite layers that are reinforced with graphene platelets. The graphene platelets are uniformly distributed in each individual layer. While, the volume faction of the graphene is graded from layer to other in accordance with a novel distribution law. Based on the suggested distribution law, four types of FGGPRC doubly-curved shells are studied. The present shells are assumed to be rested on elastic foundations. The material properties of each layer are calculated using a micromechanical model. Four equations of motion are deduced utilizing Hamilton's principle and then converted to an eigenvalue problem employing an analytical method. The obtained results are checked by introducing some comparison examples. A detailed parametric investigation is performed to illustrate the influences of the distribution type of volume fraction, shell curvatures, elastic foundation stiffness and boundary conditions on the vibration of FGGPRC doubly-curved shells.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.533-552
• /
• 2022

The current article deals with the dynamic stability, and structural improvement of vibrating electrically curved screen on the viscoelastic substrate. By considering optimum value for radius curvature of the electrically curved screen, the structure improvement of the system occurs. For modeling the electrically system, the Maxwell's' equation is developed. Hertz contact model in employed to obtain contact forces between impactor and structure. Moreover, variational methods and nonlinear von Kármán model are used to derive boundary conditions (BCs) and nonlinear governing equations of the vibrating electrically curved screen. Galerkin and Multiple scales solution approach are coupled to solve the nonlinear set of governing equations of the vibrating electrically curved screen. Along with the analytical solution, 3D finite element simulation via ABAQUS package is provided with the aid of a FE package for simulating the current system's response. The results are categorized in 3 different sections. First, effects of geometrical and material parameters on the vibrational performance and stability of the curves panel. Second, physical properties of the impactor are taken in to account and their effect on the absorbed energy and velocity profile of the impactor are presented. Finally, effect of the radius and initial velocity on the mode shapes of the current structure is demonstrated.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.365-371
• /
• 2016

두 개의 I형 거더로 이루어진 소수주형 교량의 경우, 합성 후 슬라브와 거더가 하나의 단면으로 인식될 수 있으며, 이에 따라 평면 외방향의 휨에 대한 중립축은 강축으로 간주 될 수 있다. 따라서 자유진동 모드에서는 평면 내의 휨거동이 지배적일 것이라 쉽게 예상할 수 있다. 그러나 곡선 교량은 직선교량과 달리 초기곡률로 인하여 중력하중 하에서도 항시 비틀림 모멘트가 작용한다. 휨과 비틀림의 상호 작용은 거더의 거동을 복잡하게 하며, 때에 따라서는 비틀림 모드가 휨모드보다 지배적으로 작용할 수 있게 된다. 다시 말해, 같은 환경 하에서 곡선교량은 초기 곡률에 따라 동특성이 달라질 수 있게 된다. 현재까지 수평 곡선 거더의 자유진동에 관한 연구는 많이 이루어져 왔으나 합성 거더에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 곡률 중심각의 변화에 따른 모드 변화와 고유 주파수의 변화를 3차원 모델링을 통하여 검증 하였다. 해석 모델은 합성 전후에 대하여 작성 되었으며, 고유 주파수와 진동 모드 변화를 고찰하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.623-633
• /
• 2018

A robust element is essential for successful design of steel frames with Direct analysis (DA) method. To this end, an innovative and efficient curved-quartic-function (CQF) beam-column element using the fourth-order polynomial shape function with end-springs in series is proposed for practical applications of DA. The member initial imperfection is explicitly integrated into the element formulation, and, therefore, the P-${\delta}$ effect can be directly captured in the analysis. The series of zero-length springs are placed at the element ends to model the effects of semi-rigid joints and material yielding. One-element-per-member model is adopted for design bringing considerable savings in computer expense. The incremental secant stiffness method allowing for large deflections is used to describe the kinematic motion. Finally, several problems are studied in this paper for examining and validating the accuracy of the present formulations. The proposed element is believed to make DA simpler to use than existing elements, which is essential for its successful and widespread adoption by engineers.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.277-288
• /
• 1999

This paper presents a fuzzy optimum design of axisymmetrically loaded thin shells of revolution. This paper consists of two parts, namely: an elastic analysis using the new curved element for finite element analysis developed in this study for axisymmetrically loaded thin shells of revolution, and the volume optimization on the basis of results evaluated from the elastic analysis. The curved element to meridian direction is used to develop the computer program. The results obtained from the computer program are compared by exact solution of each analytic example. The fuzzy optimizations of thin shells of revolution are done using [Model 2] which is in the form of a conventional crisp objective function and constraints with non-membership function, and nonlinear optimum GINO (General Interactive Optimizer) programming. In this paper, design examples show that the fuzzy optimum designs of the steel water tank and the steel dome roof could provide significant cost savings.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
• /
• pp.258-264
• /
• 1999

In this study, a computer program was developed for analysis of the orthotropic curved ring sector plates. In the developing program , the thin-plate theory and multi-base coordinate system was adopted. The effect of design factors-boundary conditions, loading conditions, steel ratio, open angle, radius of curvature and relative flexural rigidity between slab and edge-beam-on the behavior of the circular ring sector plates were discussed. Also, the practical limitations was proposed to replace the problem of the orthotropic sector plate by equivalent rectangular plage.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.49-70
• /
• 2005

This paper reports on finite element analysis techniques that may be applied to the study of circular hollow structural sections and related bearing connection geometries. Specifically, a connection detail involving curved steel saddle bearings and a Structural Tee (ST) connected directly to a large-diameter Hollow Structural Section (HSS) truss chord, near its open end, is considered. The modeling is carried out using experimentally verified techniques. It is determined that the primary mechanism of failure involves a flexural collapse of the HSS chord through plastification of the chord wall into a well-defined yield line mechanism; a limit state for which a shell-based finite element model is well-suited to capture. It is also found that classical metal plasticity material models may be somewhat limited in their applicability to steels in fabricated tubular members.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.387-410
• /
• 2008

The fatigue damage accumulation rates of horizontally curved thin walled box-girder bridge have been estimated from vehicle-induced dynamic stress history using rain flow cycle counting method in the time domain approach. The curved box-girder bridge has been numerically modeled using computationally efficient thin walled box-beam finite elements, which take into account the important structural actions like torsional warping, distortion and distortional warping in addition to the conventional displacement and rotational degrees of freedom. Vehicle model includes heave-pitch-roll degrees of freedom with longitudinal and transverse input to the wheels. The bridge deck unevenness, which is taken as inputs to the vehicle wheels, has been assumed to be a realization of homogeneous random process specified by a power spectral density (PSD) function. The linear damage accumulation theory has been applied to calculate fatigue life. The fatigue life estimated by cycle counting method in time domain has been compared with those found by estimating the PSD of response in frequency domain. The frequency domain method uses an analytical expression involving spectral moment characteristics of stress process. The effects of some of the important parameters on fatigue life of the curved box bridge have been studied.